Normal-Appearing White Matter Deteriorates over the Year After an Ischemic Stroke and Is Associated with Global Cognition.

Normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) is a hub of plasticity, but data relating to its influence on post-ischemic stroke (IS) outcome remain scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between NAWM integrity and cognitive outcome after an IS. A longitudinal study was conducted including supra-tentorial IS patients.

[Cardiac glomus tumor: An unusual localization of pericytic (perivascular) tumor].

Glomus tumor are rare mesenchymal neoplasm, belonging to the pericytic (perivascular) tumor family, witch recent molecular characterization has allowed highlight recurrent molecular abnormalities. In fact, glomus tumor involves frequent MIR143-NOTCH gene fusion whereas others pericytic tumor (myopericytoma and myofibroma) involve mutations of PDGFRB gene. Glomus tumor are usually developed in superficial localization.

Improving the Diagnosis of the Frontal Variant of Alzheimer's Disease with the DAPHNE Scale.

Background: The frontal variant of Alzheimer's disease (fAD) is poorly understood and poorly defined. The diagnosis remains challenging. The main differential diagnosis is the behavioral variant of frontotemporal degeneration (bvFTD).

[Personal care and its taboos in nurse training manuals].

At first, not easy to name, the body and its different dimensions gradually found their place in nurse training manuals in the 20th century, conveying a radical change with regard to the place of the body in the nurse-patient relationship. This article looks back at the historical evolution of a key aspect of care.

[Reduction mammaplasties on irradiated breasts: A litterature review].

Introduction: Breast reduction is a very common intervention in plastic surgery. Its benefit on the quality of life of patients is certain. With the increasing number of conservative surgeries for breast cancer, the potential number of breast reduction on the irradiated breast has increased.

Contribution of the precursors and interplay of the pathways in the phospholipid metabolism of the malaria parasite.

The malaria parasite, , develops and multiplies in the human erythrocyte. It needs to synthesize considerable amounts of phospholipids (PLs), principally phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and phosphatidylserine (PS). Several metabolic pathways coexist for their de novo biosynthesis, involving a dozen enzymes.

Transcriptomic definition of molecular subgroups of small round cell sarcomas.

Sarcoma represents a highly heterogeneous group of tumours. We report here the first unbiased and systematic search for gene fusions combined with unsupervised expression analysis of a series of 184 small round cell sarcomas. Fusion genes were detected in 59% of samples, with half of them being observed recurrently.

Hospital Diet Enriched With Rapeseed or Sunflower Oils Is Associated With a Decrease in Plasma 16:1n-7 and Some Metabolic Disorders in the Elderly.

We recently demonstrated that the prevalence of dysglycemia was high among hospitalized elderly people who were fed a low fat diet (27.7% of energy) and was positively associated with plasma 16:1n-7, an indicator of de novo lipogenesis (DNL). Fatty acids in the DNL pathway have been shown to be associated with a higher risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Outcomes 7 Years After Infliximab Withdrawal for Patients With Crohn's Disease in Sustained Remission.

Background & Aims: Little is known about long-term outcomes of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) after infliximab withdrawal. We aimed to describe the long-term outcomes of patients with CD in clinical remission after infliximab treatment was withdrawn.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of data from the 115 patients included in the infliximab discontinuation in patients with CD in stable remission on combined therapy with antimetabolites (STORI) study, performed at 20 centers in France and Belgium from March 2006 through December 2009.

Diffusion Reaction of Carbon Monoxide in the Human Lung.

The capture of CO, a standard lung function test, results from diffusion-reaction processes of CO with hemoglobin inside red blood cells (RBCs). In its current understanding, suggested by Roughton and Forster in 1957, the capture is represented by two independent resistances in series, one for diffusion from the gas to the RBC periphery, the second for internal diffusion reaction. Numerical studies in 3D model structures described here contradict the independence hypothesis.

Genomic landscape of human diversity across Madagascar.

Although situated ∼400 km from the east coast of Africa, Madagascar exhibits cultural, linguistic, and genetic traits from both Southeast Asia and Eastern Africa. The settlement history remains contentious; we therefore used a grid-based approach to sample at high resolution the genomic diversity (including maternal lineages, paternal lineages, and genome-wide data) across 257 villages and 2,704 Malagasy individuals. We find a common Bantu and Austronesian descent for all Malagasy individuals with a limited paternal contribution from Europe and the Middle East.

Analysis of the lipid body proteome of the oleaginous alga Lobosphaera incisa.

Background: Lobosphaera incisa (L. incisa) is an oleaginous microalga that stores triacylglycerol (TAG) rich in arachidonic acid in lipid bodies (LBs). This organelle is gaining attention in algal research, since evidence is accumulating that proteins attached to its surface fulfill important functions in TAG storage and metabolism.

Comparison of BOLD, diffusion-weighted fMRI and ADC-fMRI for stimulation of the primary visual system with a block paradigm.

The blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) effect is extensively used for functional MRI (fMRI) but presents some limitations. Diffusion-weighted fMRI (DfMRI) has been proposed as a method more tightly linked to neuronal activity. This work proposes a protocol of DfMRI acquired for several b-values and diffusion directions that is compared to gradient-echo BOLD (GE-BOLD) and to repeated spin-echo BOLD (SE-BOLD, acquisitions performed with b=0s/mm), which was also used to ensure the reproducibility of the response.

Expression of specific inflammasome gene modules stratifies older individuals into two extreme clinical and immunological states.

Low-grade, chronic inflammation has been associated with many diseases of aging, but the mechanisms responsible for producing this inflammation remain unclear. Inflammasomes can drive chronic inflammation in the context of an infectious disease or cellular stress, and they trigger the maturation of interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Here we find that the expression of specific inflammasome gene modules stratifies older individuals into two extremes: those with constitutive expression of IL-1β, nucleotide metabolism dysfunction, elevated oxidative stress, high rates of hypertension and arterial stiffness; and those without constitutive expression of IL-1β, who lack these characteristics.

The Roughton-Forster equation for DL and DL re-examined.

Roughton and Forster (RF) proposed to split the lung diffusing capacity into two contributions describing first, diffusion to red blood cells (RBC), and second, capture by diffusion from the RBC surface and reaction with haemoglobin. Solving the diffusion-reaction equations for simplified capillary-RBC structures, we investigate the RF interpretation. This reveals first that the conventional extrapolation to zero pressure of 1/DLCO on PO is not a correct measure of the diffusive component.

Atrial fibrillation is a major cause of stroke in apneic patients: a prospective study.

Objectives: Large prospective studies have established that sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Heterogeneous results have been published about SDB and ischaemic stroke mechanism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between poststroke apneic syndrome and stroke aetiologies according to the ASCO classification.

Disruption of Protein Mannosylation Affects Cell Wall, Immune Sensing, and Virulence.

The fungal cell wall contains glycoproteins that interact with the host immune system. In the prominent pathogenic yeast , Pmr1 acts as a Golgi-resident ion pump that provides cofactors to mannosyltransferases, regulating the synthesis of mannans attached to glycoproteins. To gain insight into a putative conservation of such a crucial process within opportunistic yeasts, we were particularly interested in studying the role of the homolog in a low-virulent species that rarely causes candidiasis, .

The history of the pulmonary diffusing capacity for nitric oxide DL,NO.

The DL,NO (TL,NO) had its unexpected origins in the Paris "events" of 1968 and the unsuccessful efforts of the UK tobacco industry in the 1970's to create a "safer cigarette". Adoption of the technique has been slow due to the instability of NO in air, lack of standardisation of the technique and lack of agreement as to whether DL,NO is equal to or merely reflects membrane diffusing capacity (DM). With the availability of inexpensive analysers, standardisation of the technique and publication of reference equations we believe that its worldwide use will increase.

Hallucinations in schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease: an analysis of sensory modalities involved and the repercussion on patients.

Hallucinations have been described in various clinical populations, but they are neither disorder nor disease specific. In schizophrenia patients, hallucinations are hallmark symptoms and auditory ones are described as the more frequent. In Parkinson's disease, the descriptions of hallucination modalities are sparse, but the hallucinations do tend to have less negative consequences.

Maintenance of B cells during chronic murine Trypanosoma brucei gambiense infection.

African trypanosomosis is a debilitating parasitic disease occurring in large parts of sub-Saharan Africa. Trypanosoma brucei gambiense accounts for 98% of the reported HAT infections and causes a chronic, gradually progressing disease. Multiple experimental murine models for trypanosomosis have demonstrated inflammation-dependent apoptosis of splenic follicular B (FoB) cells and the destruction of B-cell memory against previously encountered pathogens.

Immune thrombocytopenia in adults: a prospective cohort study of clinical features and predictors of outcome.

This prospective observational cohort study aimed to explore the clinical features of incident immune thrombocytopenia in adults and predictors of outcome, while determining if a family history of autoimmune disorder is a risk factor for immune thrombocytopenia. All adults, 18 years of age or older, recently diagnosed with immune thrombocytopenia were consecutively recruited across 21 hospital centers in France. Data were collected at diagnosis and after 12 months.

Impact of thrombolysis in acute ischaemic stroke without occlusion: an observational comparative study.

Background And Purpose: The impact of intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (IV-rtPA) in patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) but no arterial occlusion is currently a matter of debate. This study aimed to assess functional outcome of such patients with respect to IV-rtPA use.

Methods: A retrospective case-control analysis was performed comparing the outcome of AIS patients without arterial occlusion with or without IV-rtPA use.

Effects of maternal low-protein diet on parameters of locomotor activity in a rat model of cerebral palsy.

Children with cerebral palsy have feeding difficulties that can contribute to undernutrition. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of early undernutrition on locomotor activity and the expression of the myofibrillar protein MuRF-1 in an experimental model of cerebral palsy (CP). In order to achieve this aim, pregnant rats were divided into two groups according to the diet provided: Normal Protein (NP, n=9) and Low Protein (LP, n=12) groups.