Fault Detection in Induction Machines Using Learning Models and Fourier Spectrum Image Analysis.

Induction motors are essential components in industry due to their efficiency and cost-effectiveness. This study presents an innovative methodology for automatic fault detection by analyzing images generated from the Fourier spectra of current signals using deep learning techniques. A new preprocessing technique incorporating a distinctive background to enhance spectral feature learning is proposed, enabling the detection of four types of faults: healthy motor coupled to a generator with a broken bar (HGB), broken rotor bar (BRB), race bearing fault (RBF), and bearing ball fault (BBF).

Chitosan-Based Semen Extenders: An Approach to Antibiotic-Free Artificial Insemination in Rabbit.

: The use of antibiotics in livestock contributes to antimicrobial resistance, highlighting the need for alternative solutions. Among these, chelating agents, like ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and Chitosan, have shown potential in reducing bacterial contamination in seminal doses used in artificial insemination (AI), while preserving sperm quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential use of EDTA and Chitosan as alternatives to antibiotics for the liquid storage of rabbit seminal AI doses.

Metabolomic Insights into the Allelopathic Effects of (Mill.) Swingle Volatile Organic Compounds on the Germination Process of (L.).

This study explores the allelopathic effects of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by the invasive species (Mill.) Swingle on the seed germination of . is known for releasing allelopathic VOCs that suppress the growth of neighbouring plants, contributing to its invasive potential.

Nanodevice-Mediated Immune Cell Recruitment: Targeting Senescent Cells via MMP-3-Responsive CXCL12-Coated Nanoparticles.

Senescent cells are involved in age-related disorders in different organs and are therapeutic targets for fibrotic and chronic pathologies. Immune-modulating agents, able to enhance senescent cell detection and elimination by endogenous immune cells, have emerged as pharmacological strategies. We report herein a nanoparticle for immune cell-mediated senolytic therapy designed to recruit immune cells in response to specific enzymatic matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) activity in the senescence-associated secretory phenotype.

Improving timing resolution of BGO for TOF-PET: a comparative analysis with and without deep learning.

Background: The renewed interest in BGO scintillators for TOF-PET is driven by the improved Cherenkov photon detection with new blue-sensitive SiPMs. However, the slower scintillation light from BGO causes significant time walk with leading edge discrimination (LED), which degrades the coincidence time resolution (CTR). To address this, a time walk correction (TWC) can be done by using the rise time measured with a second threshold.

Foaming purees as a strategy to modify oral processing time.

Food structure modification by increasing viscosity or adding heterogeneity to the food product has shown to effectively change food oral processing. In this study, it was hypothesized that the addition of gas to purees could affect oral processing. This was achieved by creating different structures in purees using a gas syphon, vacuum and syphon + vacuum.

New Strategy for the Covalent Immobilisation of Phenolic Compounds on Silica Particles to Fight Against Foodborne Pathogens.

The immobilisation of essential oil components (EOCs) on food-grade supports is a promising strategy for preserving liquid foods without the drawbacks of direct EOC addition such as poor solubility, high volatility, and sensory alterations. This study presents a novel method for covalently immobilising EOCs, specifically thymol and carvacrol, on SiO particles (5-15 µm) using the Mannich reaction. This approach simplifies conventional covalent immobilisation techniques by reducing the steps and reagents while maintaining antimicrobial efficacy and preventing compound migration.

Extended Reality to Assess Short-Term Spatial Memory-A Comparative Study of Mixed Reality, Augmented Reality, and Virtual Reality.

A Mixed Reality (MR) application using an optical see-through headset was developed to assess short-term spatial memory. A study with 29 participants was conducted. Data from this study were compared to two previous studies using mobile Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) with headsets.

Electropolymerization of PPy, PEDOT, and PANi on WO nanostructures for high-performance anodes in Li-ion batteries.

In this research work, four distinct WO electrodes were synthesized and coated with three different polymers, known as polypyrrole (PPy), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) in poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and polyaniline (PANi), using electropolymerization techniques. The morphological features of the samples were thoroughly characterized through Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) analyses. Additionally, contact angle measurements and electrochemical characterizations were used to verify the performance of each electrode, aiding in the prediction of their suitability for energy storage applications in lithium-ion batteries.

Renal-clearable probes for disease detection and monitoring.

The demand for novel, minimally invasive, cost-effective, and easily readable diagnostic tools, primarily designed for the longitudinal monitoring of diseases and their treatments, has promoted the development of diagnostic systems that selectively target cells, tissues, or organs, at the same time minimizing their nonspecific accumulation, thus reducing the risk of toxicity and side effects. In this review, we explore the development of renal-clearable systems in non-invasive or minimally invasive detection protocols, all with the objective of minimizing nonspecific accumulation and its associated toxicity effects through quick renal excretion. These probes can identify molecules of interest or different healthy states of the patients through the direct analysis of urine (urinalysis).

Assessment of European countries' national circular economy policies.

The circular economy (CE) has become key to achieving the environmental objectives set by the European Union (EU). This transformative process requires linear production processes to be abandoned and replaced with environmentally-friendly circular models. In this scenario, the present study uses Data Envelopment Analysis and the Sequential Malmquist Index to achieve a twofold objective: (1) to analyse the effectiveness of the national CE policies applied by 19 EU Member States and (2) to identify the items of circularity that need improvement, in order to support decision-makers in the implementation of appropriate CE policies.

Genetic selection for postweaning growth rate shows no relevant negative impact on reproductive performance in breeding rabbit does.

Genetic selection for growth rate has often been related with potential negative effects on various reproductive traits across different species. Using rabbit as a model, this study has evaluated for the first time how genetic selection for growth rate has affected feed efficiency, resource allocation, blood traits, reproductive performance and survival during five reproductive cycles in rabbit does. To this end, we used 88 reproductive rabbit females from two vitrified and rederived populations of the same paternal line, differing only in 18 generations of genetic selection for growth rate (n = 44 for R19V and n = 44 for RV37V).

Massive Screening of Food Extracts for Quality Assessment and Standardization of Allergenic Activity.

(1) Background: In drug discovery and pharmaceutical quality control, a challenge is to assess protein extracts used for allergy therapy and in vivo diagnosis, such as prick tests. Indeed, there are significant differences between the features of marketed products due to variations in raw materials, purification processes, and formulation techniques. (2) Methods: A protein array technology has been developed to provide comprehensive information on protein-biomarker interactions on a large scale to support the pharmaceutical industry and clinical research.

3D Printing of New Foods Using Cellulose-Based Gels Obtained from L. Byproducts.

Carob pulp is a valuable source of cellulose-rich fraction (CRF) for many food applications. This study aimed to obtain and characterize a CRF derived from carob pulp waste after sugar removal and to evaluate its potential use in the 3D printing of cellulose-rich foods. Thus, the extraction of the CRF present in carob pulp (by obtaining the alcohol-insoluble residue) was carried out, accounting for nearly 45% dm (dry matter) of this byproduct.

Treatment of industrial textile wastewater by means of forward osmosis aiming to recover dyes and clean water.

The textile industry is one of the largest water consumers, and, as a result of its activity, it generates tons of wastewater. In this research, forward osmosis has been employed to tackle the critical need of treating textile wastewater. The HFFO2 membrane (Aquaporin) was used to process large volumes of real cotton dyeing wastewater, wool dyeing wastewater, and several types of textile end-of-pipe wastewater.

Integrated 3D-Printed Hollow Microneedle Array and Lateral Flow Immunoassay for Point-of-Care Wound Healing Monitoring.

Chronic wound management requires continuous monitoring to assess healing and guide treatment. We developed a hollow microneedle array patch integrated with a lateral flow immunoassay strip to address the need for convenient, home-based diagnostics. This device extracts wound exudate directly from the wound matrix, overcoming the limitations of conventional swab sampling, which relies on surface exudate collection.

Does Muscle Pain Induce Alterations in the Pelvic Floor Motor Unit Activity Properties in Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome? A High-Density sEMG-Based Study.

Several studies have shown interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS), a chronic condition that poses challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, is associated with painful pelvic floor muscles (PFM) and altered neural drive to these muscles. However, its pathophysiology could also involve other alterations in the electrical activity of PFM motor units (MUs). Studying these alterations could provide novel insights into IC/BPS and help its clinical management.

Mechanical Properties and In Vitro Digestibility of Fermented Lentil and Quinoa Flour Food Prototypes for Older Adults.

: The increase in the older adult population worldwide and the need to switch to vegetal-origin protein consumption for environmental sustainability point to legumes and pseudocereals as alternative ingredients in new food formulations. This study aimed to assess the impact of food structure and fungal fermentation on the digestibility of new food prototypes made with quinoa and/or lentil flours addressed to older adults. : Four gels and six breads were elaborated and subjected to mechanical analysis and simulated gastrointestinal in vitro digestion.

Valorizing Astringent 'Rojo Brillante' Persimmon Through the Development of Persimmon-Based Bars.

This study developed a new energy bar using the astringent 'Rojo Brillante' variety of persimmons to address postharvest losses. The bar was formulated with dehydrated persimmons, walnuts, hazelnuts, and chia seeds to enhance their nutritional profile. The proximate composition was evaluated and the mechanical and optical properties, soluble tannins, carotenoids, and antioxidant activities were monitored during storage.

Antinutritional factors and protein digestibility of broad bean flours hydrolysed during soaking using vacuum enzyme impregnation.

The hydrolysis of legume proteins improves their nutritional and functional properties. Usually done by mixing flour with an enzyme solution, the process can be simplified using vacuum enzyme impregnation during soaking. This study used vacuum impregnation with papain or bromelain to obtain hydrolysed broad bean flours.

Printable and Tunable Bioresin with Strategically Decorated Molecular Structures.

As personalized medicine rapidly evolves, there is a critical demand for advanced biocompatible materials surpassing current additive manufacturing capabilities. This study presents a novel printable bioresin engineered with tunable mechanical, thermal, and biocompatibility properties through strategic molecular modifications. The study introduces a new bioresin comprising methyl methacrylate (MMA), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), and a photoinitiator, which is further enhanced by incorporating high molecular weight polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) to improve biostability and mechanical performance.

Navigational object-location memory assessment in real and virtual environments: A systematic review.

Navigational object-location memory (OLM) is a form of spatial memory involving actual or virtual body displacement for repositioning previously encoded objects within an environment. Despite its potential for higher ecological validity measures, navigational OLM has been less frequently assessed than static OLM. The present systematic review aims to characterize the methodology and devices used for OLM assessment in navigational real and virtual environments and synthesize recent literature to offer a comprehensive overview of OLM performance in both pathological and non-pathological adult samples.

Real-time ultrasound shear wave elastography using a local phase gradient.

Background And Objective: Current approaches for ultrasound spectral elastography make use of block processing, resulting in long computational times. This work describes a real-time, robust, and quantitative imaging modality to map the elastic and viscoelastic properties of soft tissues using ultrasound.

Methods: This elastographic technique relies on the spectral estimation of the shear-wave phase speed by combining a local phase-gradient method and angular filtering.

Sustainable water resources allocation for wetlands based on triple bottom line analytical hierarchy collaborative elicitation.

Hydrological restoration of wetlands has become a critical pressing issue in environmental preservation due to climate change. This study seeks to develop a novel methodology to identify which type of water resources available are the most appropriate for restoring a particular wetland, considering a holistic perspective based on the triple bottom line (TBL) assessment, which is a logical framework for identifying and integrating social, environmental, and economic factors into decision-making processes. The elicitation was addressed through a comprehensive holistic index using analytic hierarchy process for ranking TBL dimensions and drivers.