Catalase T-Deficient Fission Yeast Meiocytes Show Resistance to Ionizing Radiation.

Environmental stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS), or ionizing radiation (IR) can induce adverse effects in organisms and their cells, including mutations and premature aging. DNA damage and its faulty repair can lead to cell death or promote cancer through the accumulation of mutations. Misrepair in germ cells is particularly dangerous as it may lead to alterations in developmental programs and genetic disease in the offspring.

[Crohn's Disease Exclusion Diet - an alternative to exlusive enteral nutritional therapy in children and adolescents with Crohn's disease? Statement of the GPGE working groups CEDATA and Nutrition/Nutrition Medicine].

Epidemiological an clinical observations as well as results from animal studies indicate that nutrition can play a role in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Exclusive enteral nutrition therapy represents an example for modulating inflammatory responses solely through diet modification. Therefore, caretakers, patients, families, doctors and nutritionists seek for more dietary options to control IBD.

[Provisioning of personal protective equipment in hospitals in preparation for a pandemic].

Background: At the beginning of the SARS-CoV‑2 outbreak, personal protective equipment (PPE) was scarce worldwide, leading to the treatment of patients partially without sufficient protection for the medical personnel. In order to be prepared for a new epidemic or pandemic or a "second wave" of COVID-19 outbreak and to meet a renewed deficiency of PPE, considerations were made on how personnel and patients can be better protected by appropriate provisioning.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a tool to predict the necessary amount of PPE to be in stock at a transregional university hospital for a certain period of time during a pandemic.

Decoherence-Free Rotational Degrees of Freedom for Quantum Applications.

We employ spherical t-designs for the systematic construction of solids whose rotational degrees of freedom can be made robust to decoherence due to external fluctuating fields while simultaneously retaining their sensitivity to signals of interest. Specifically, the ratio of signal phase accumulation rate from a nearby source to the decoherence rate caused by fluctuating fields from more distant sources can be incremented to any desired level by using increasingly complex shapes. This allows for the generation of long-lived macroscopic quantum superpositions of rotational degrees of freedom and the robust generation of entanglement between two or more such solids with applications in robust quantum sensing and precision metrology as well as quantum registers.

[Mental Disorders and Parenting: Challenges and Opportunities for Adult Mental Health Services].

Parenting can be a key element in the psychiatric rehabilitation process, but it may come with many challenges for parents with mental health problems. Illness symptoms, together with social and sociocultural factors, can have adverse effects on family life or parenting behaviors and entail severe consequences for a child's psychosocial development. Bidirectional interactions can increase parental burden and thus worsen a parent's course of illness.

Experimental Quantification of Coherence of a Tunable Quantum Detector.

Quantum coherence is a fundamental resource that quantum technologies exploit to achieve performance beyond that of classical devices. A necessary prerequisite to achieve this advantage is the ability of measurement devices to detect coherence from the measurement statistics. Based on a recently developed resource theory of quantum operations, here we quantify experimentally the ability of a typical quantum-optical detector, the weak-field homodyne detector, to detect coherence.

[Clinical courses of depressive and anxiety disorders over 1 year : Direct comparison of four treatment settings in psychiatry and psychosomatic medicine-results of the PfAD study].

Background: Inpatient care for patients with depressive and anxiety disorders (ICD-10 F3/F4 diagnoses) is provided in Germany in different settings of psychiatry and psychosomatic medicine.

Objective: Apart from the question of the effectiveness of treatment, it is of interest whether the course of the disease differs between four different settings up to a period of 1 year after discharge.

Material And Methods: A total of 320 patients with main clinical diagnoses from the ICD-10 F3/F4 spectrum were recruited and interviewed consecutively in four treatment settings (psychiatric depression unit, psychiatric crisis intervention unit, psychiatric day hospital, psychosomatic acute hospital).

Impact of Two Different Reference Measurement Procedures on Apparent System Accuracy of 18 CE-Marked Current-Generation Blood Glucose Monitoring Systems.

Background: Measurement accuracy has been assessed for many different blood glucose monitoring systems (BGMS) over the years by different study groups. However, the choice of the comparison measurement procedure may impact the apparent level of accuracy found in such studies.

Materials And Methods: Measurement accuracy of 18 different BGMS was assessed in a setting based on ISO 15197 using two different comparison methods in parallel: a glucose oxidase (GOD)-based and a hexokinase (HK)-based method.

ABCG2 influence on the efficiency of photodynamic therapy in glioblastoma cells.

Background: Photodynamic therapy with 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA PDT) is a promising novel therapeutic approach in the therapy of malignant brain tumors. 5-ALA occurs as a natural precursor of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), a tumor-selective photosensitizer. The ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2 plays a physiologically significant role in porphyrin efflux from living cells.

Proof of Concept for a New Raman-Based Prototype for Noninvasive Glucose Monitoring.

Background: Noninvasive glucose monitoring (NIGM) in diabetes is a long-sought-for technology. Among the many attempts Raman spectroscopy was considered as the most promising because of its glucose specificity. In this study, a recently developed prototype (GlucoBeam, RSP Systems A/S, Denmark) was tested in patients with type 1 diabetes to establish calibration models and to demonstrate proof of concept for this device in real use.

[Discharge management in pediatric and adolescent psychiatry : Expectations and realities from the parental perspective].

Background: Interface management after inpatient care for mentally ill children and adolescents has been proven to be a breaking point in good transition of care between child and adolescent psychiatry, social welfare services, schools, job centre and the judicial system. Criteria for successful discharge management do not exist in child and adolescent psychiatry. Aim of the study ASpeKT was to survey parents on their perception of interface management and to derive recommendations for discharge management.

On quantum gravity tests with composite particles.

Models of quantum gravity imply a fundamental revision of our description of position and momentum that manifests in modifications of the canonical commutation relations. Experimental tests of such modifications remain an outstanding challenge. These corrections scale with the mass of test particles, which motivates experiments using macroscopic composite particles.

Effects of a 12-week home exercise therapy program on pain and neuromuscular activity in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome.

Introduction: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of a 12-week home exercise therapy program on pain, function and neuromuscular activity of the vastus medialis and vastus lateralis.

Materials And Methods: Fifty patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome were treated with a 12-week online home exercise program. The primary outcomes of pain and function were assessed at the 12-week follow-up using the Visual Analog Scale and Kujala Score, respectively.

Renal function deterioration in adult patients with type-2 diabetes.

Background: To explore, in a large group of patients with type-2 diabetes (T2DM), renal function decline in terms of the slope of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) over time, and to find out how classical risk factors, such as the presence of hypertension, dyslipidemia and microalbuminuria, affect the renal function.

Methods: The analysis included 32,492 adult T2DM patients from the DIVE/DPV registries who had serial eGFR determinations and information on the presence of microalbuminuria, hypertension and dyslipidemia available.

Results: Patients had a mean age of 66.

[Psychosocial therapy in psychiatry : Update of the DGPPN-S3 guidelines "Psychosocial therapies for severe mental illnesses"].

Background: Severe mental illnesses are often associated with substantial impairments of psychosocial functioning and a high risk of social exclusion. Along with somatic and psychotherapeutic treatment approaches, psychosocial interventions are an integral component of treatment. Psychosocial therapies aim to improve participation and enable patients to live self-determined lives as far as possible.

Motional Dynamical Decoupling for Interferometry with Macroscopic Particles.

We extend the concept of dynamical decoupling from spin to mechanical degrees of freedom of macroscopic objects, for application in interferometry. In this manner, the superposition of matter waves can be made resilient to many important sources of noise when these are driven along suitable paths in space. As a concrete implementation, we present the case of levitated (or free falling) nanodiamonds hosting a color center in a magnetic field gradient.

[Contact-Tracing Apps in Contact Tracing of COVID-19].

Contact tracing is currently one of the most effective measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to identify persons that would otherwise not be known or remembered and to keep the time delay when reporting an infection and when contacting people as short as possible, digital contact tracing using smartphones seems to be a reasonable measure additional to manual contact tracing. Although first modelling studies predicted a positive effect in terms of prompt contact tracing, no empirically reliable data are as yet available, neither on the population-wide benefit nor on the potential risks of contact tracing apps.

Quantum Point Defects for Solid-State Laser Refrigeration.

Herein, the role that point defects have played over the last two decades in realizing solid-state laser refrigeration is discussed. A brief introduction to the field of solid-state laser refrigeration is given with an emphasis on the fundamental physical phenomena and quantized electronic transitions that have made solid-state laser-cooling possible. Lanthanide-based point defects, such as trivalent ytterbium ions (Yb ), have played a central role in the first demonstrations and subsequent development of advanced materials for solid-state laser refrigeration.

AIMTOR, a BRET biosensor for live imaging, reveals subcellular mTOR signaling and dysfunctions.

Background: mTOR signaling is an essential nutrient and energetic sensing pathway. Here we describe AIMTOR, a sensitive genetically encoded BRET (Bioluminescent Resonance Energy Transfer) biosensor to study mTOR activity in living cells.

Results: As a proof of principle, we show in both cell lines and primary cell cultures that AIMTOR BRET intensities are modified by mTOR activity changes induced by specific inhibitors and activators of mTORC1 including amino acids and insulin.