Structural Evolution of Stapes Controls the Electrochemical CO Reduction on Bimetallic Cu-doped Gold Nanoclusters.

Ligand protected gold nanoclusters have been proposed for electrochemical CO reduction (eCOR) as an alternative to polycrystalline catalysts, showing higher selectivity control due to the tailored composition and precise microenvironment. Here, two gold cluster families are studied with different staple motifs (Au(SR) and Au(SR), where SR = thiolate) doped with Ag or Cu to understand the interplay between the composition and the performance of these catalysts. Detailed cluster characterization and Density Functional Theory simulations demonstrate that the dynamic aspects involving ligand removal are crucial to unraveling the role of the dopant, the cluster curvature, and the staple structure.

Thermophysical Behavior of Carbonated Aqueous Solutions Containing Monoethanolamine and Degradation Products.

The impact of the degradation of monoethanolamine (MEA) on the physicochemical properties of the solvent is experimentally characterized. Based on the identification of three main degradation products of MEA: oxazolidine-2-one (OZD), N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine (HEEDA), and 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-imidazolidinone (HEIA), new measurements for the density, surface tension, and viscosity of partially carbonated solutions containing water, MEA and those products were conducted at different MEA/degradation product molar ratios. The experiments covered a temperature range from 298.

Ni-Catalyzed Stereodivergent Synthesis of N-Glycosides.

Herein, we describe a stereoselective Ni-catalyzed N-glycosylation of glycals. The reaction is enabled by addition of an in situ generated nickel hydride across an olefin prior to C-N bond-formation. Stereodivergence can be accomplished on kinetic or thermodynamic grounds, thus giving access to either α- or β-N-glycosides with equal ease.

The 3' UTR Polymorphism rs1054564 Is Associated with Diabetes and Subclinical Atherosclerosis.

Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a stress-response cytokine related to a wide variety of metabolic diseases. However, the impact of GDF15-specific genetic variants on the abovementioned conditions is poorly known. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of selected GDF15 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on metabolic disturbances and subclinical atherosclerosis.

Electronic Health Record Adoption and Its Effects on Healthcare Staff: A Qualitative Study of Well-Being and Workplace Stress.

Adopting electronic health records (EHRs) offers improved communication and information sharing and reduces medical staff errors. Despite these potential benefits, EHR adoption often introduces new challenges for healthcare staff, including increased administrative burdens and workplace stress. This study examines the impact of EHR systems on the well-being and workplace stress of healthcare staff in a hospital setting.

The Functional Profile, Depressive Symptomatology, and Quality of Life of Older People in the Central Alentejo Region: A Cross-Sectional Study.

: Europe's aging population presents challenges such as a shrinking labor force, pressure on health services, and increased demand for long-term care. This study assesses the functional profile, depressive symptoms, and quality of life of older adults in the Central Alentejo region of Portugal. : A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted with a convenience sample of 868 older adults in Portuguese long-term care facilities across the Évora district.

OPTI-HEP-D: a protocol for an intervention study comprising screening and linkage to care of people living with hepatitis D in Catalonia.

Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) affects 296 million people globally, causing 780 000 annual deaths. It has been estimated that 12-43 million individuals are co-infected with hepatitis D virus (HDV). In Spain, the prevalence of HBsAg in adults is 0.

The Zooarchaeology of ancient whaling practices in Portugal: A review and a new Roman Republican contribution at Castelo Velho de Safara.

The identification of archaeological cetacean specimens to the species level often presents challenges, primarily due to the frequent fragmentation of their remains. This limitation hampers our ability to comprehensively understand the spatiotemporal distributions of cetaceans in the past and constrains our knowledge of early whaling activities. To address this issue, a systematic zooarchaeological review was conducted, encompassing published literature and reports that compile available data related to cetaceans retrieved from archaeological contexts in Portugal, spanning from the Middle Palaeolithic to the 18th century.

Syntheses of differentially fluorinated triazole-based 1-deoxysphingosine analogues to SphK inhibitors.

This study focuses on the stereoselective syntheses of 1-deoxysphingosine analogues as potential inhibitors of sphingosine kinase (SphK), particularly targeting its isoforms SphK1 and SphK2, which are implicated in cancer progression and therapy resistance. The research builds on previous work by designing a series of analogues featuring systematic structural modifications like the incorporation of a triazole ring, varying degrees of fluorination, and different head groups (, guanidino, -methylamino, and ,-dimethylamino). These modifications aimed to enhance polar and hydrophobic interactions especially with SphK2.

Linear and Nonlinear Indices of Score Accuracy and Item Effectiveness for Measures That Contain Locally Dependent Items.

The problem of local item dependencies (LIDs) is very common in personality and attitude measures, particularly in those that measure narrow-bandwidth dimensions. At the structural level, these dependencies can be modeled by using extended factor analytic (FA) solutions that include correlated residuals. However, the effects that LIDs have on the scores based on these extended solutions have received little attention so far.

A prospective, randomized, blinded study on the efficacy of using corticosteroids in hydrodilatation as a treatment for adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder.

Background: This study aimed to compare hydrodilatation with or without corticosteroid administration on the outcomes of patients with shoulder adhesive capsulitis.

Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, blinded study of 82 patients with adhesive capsulitis treated with hydrodilatation with corticosteroids (HDC) or without corticosteroids (HDA). Assessments were performed at 48 h and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months.

Parent-child microbiota relationships involved in childhood obesity: A CORALS ancillary study.

Objectives: Childhood obesity continues to rise worldwide. Family gut microorganisms may be associated with childhood obesity. The aim of the study was to analyze bacterial similarities in fecal microbiota composition between parent-offspring pairs as linked to body weight.

The l-Arginine pathway may act as a mediator in the association between impaired one-carbon metabolism and hypertension.

Elevated fasting plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) and the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism (rs1801133) have been associated with hypertension. Whether the l-Arginine pathway is involved, is unclear. We aimed to investigate whether the association between tHcy, the rs1801133 polymorphism and hypertension involves the l-Arginine pathway.

Testing AI on language comprehension tasks reveals insensitivity to underlying meaning.

Large Language Models (LLMs) are recruited in applications that span from clinical assistance and legal support to question answering and education. Their success in specialized tasks has led to the claim that they possess human-like linguistic capabilities related to compositional understanding and reasoning. Yet, reverse-engineering is bound by Moravec's Paradox, according to which easy skills are hard.

Faecal microbiota composition and impulsivity in a cohort of older adults with metabolic syndrome.

Impulsivity is an important determinant of human behaviour, affecting self-control, reasonable thinking and food choices. Recent evidence suggests a role for gut microbiota in human behaviour, but the relationship between gut microbiota and impulsive behaviours remains largely unexplored. To address this knowledge gap, the present study aims to explore the associations between faecal microbiota composition with trait and behavioural impulsivity, in a subcohort of the PREDIMED-Plus trial, including older adults presenting overweight/obesity.

The association of men's beverage intake with semen quality and assisted reproduction outcomes in patients undergoing fertility treatment.

Background: Although some studies have investigated the relationships between beverage intake and reproductive health these have generated conflicting results.

Objectives: To evaluate the associations between men's beverage intake and semen quality parameters and couple outcomes of medically assisted reproduction.

Material And Methods: The relationship between preconception beverage intake and semen quality was evaluated in 896 semen samples from 343 men.

SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M-pro) mutational profiling: An insight into mutation coldspots.

SARS-CoV-2 and the COVID-19 pandemic have marked a milestone in the history of scientific research worldwide. To ensure that treatments are successful in the mid-long term, it is crucial to characterize SARS-CoV-2 mutations, as they might lead to viral resistance. Data from >5,700,000 SARS-CoV-2 genomes available at GISAID was used to report SARS-CoV-2 mutations.

Grape-Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract (GSPE) Modulates Diurnal Rhythms of Hepatic Metabolic Genes and Metabolites, and Reduces Lipid Deposition in Cafeteria-Fed Rats in a Time-of-Day-Dependent Manner.

Scope: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a global health issue with increasing prevalence. Polyphenols, such as grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE), are bioactive compounds present in plants and represent an interesting therapeutical approach for MASLD.

Methods And Results: This study questioned whether the timing of GSPE administration impacts liver diurnal metabolism and steatosis in a rat obesity model.

Size and Surface Effects in the Ultrafast Dynamics of Strongly Cooperative Spin-Crossover Nanoparticles.

Cooperative photoinduced switching of molecular materials at the nanoscale is still in its infancy. Strongly cooperative spin-crossover nanomaterials are arguably the best prototypes of photomagnetic and volume-changing materials that can be manipulated by short pulses of light. Open questions remain regarding their non-equilibrium dynamics upon light excitation and the role of cooperative elastic interactions in nanoscale systems that are characterized by large surface/volume ratios.

Middle Pleistocene teeth from Arbreda Cave (Serinyà, northeastern Iberian Peninsula).

Objectives: We report the discovery and description of three human teeth from the Middle Paleolithic archaeological levels of Arbreda Cave (Serinyà, Catalonia, NE Iberian Peninsula).

Materials And Methods: The teeth, two molars (one right dm and one right M) from Level N (older than 120 kyr) and one P from Level J (dated between 71 and 44 kyr), were morphologically described based on microCT images and compared with Neanderthal and Homo sapiens specimens.

Results: The teeth belong to a minimum of three individuals: one adult and one infant from Level N and one juvenile from Level J.