The 2025 Motile Active Matter Roadmap.

Activity and autonomous motion are fundamental aspects of many living and engineering systems. Here, the scale of biological agents covers a wide range, from nanomotors, cytoskeleton, and cells, to insects, fish, birds, and people. Inspired by biological active systems, various types of autonomous synthetic nano- and micromachines have been designed, which provide the basis for multifunctional, highly responsive, intelligent active materials.

Cochlear implantation in adults with acquired single-sided deafness improves cortical processing and comprehension of speech presented to the non-implanted ears: a longitudinal EEG study.

Former studies have established that individuals with a cochlear implant (CI) for treating single-sided deafness experience improved speech processing after implantation. However, it is not clear how each ear contributes separately to improve speech perception over time at the behavioural and neural level. In this longitudinal EEG study with four different time points, we measured neural activity in response to various temporally and spectrally degraded spoken words presented monaurally to the CI and non-CI ears (5 left and 5 right ears) in 10 single-sided CI users and 10 age- and sex-matched individuals with normal hearing.

Room-temperature phosphorescence and static excimer excitation of pyrene-modified () pincer bismuth complexes.

We present the synthesis, characterization, and photophysical properties of two pyrene-modified () pincer bismuth complexes, where the pyrenyl residues are either part of the cyclometalating pincer ligand (1) or bound as monodentate ligands to the Bi ion (2). Both complexes are dually emissive at 77 K. For complex 2, pyrenyl phosphorescence persists at r.

[A comparison of direct admissions to inpatient-equivalent home treatment with transfers from psychiatric wards].

Aim: Different access routes to inpatient-equivalent home treatment (IEHT) were examined.

Methods: Baseline differences were examined using exploratory group comparisons, treatment effects by type of admission using regression analysis.

Results: Of 200 StäB users, 144 (72%) were admitted directly to IEHT, while 56 (28%) were transferred.

Nonlinear microrheology with time-dependent forces: Application to recoils in viscoelastic fluids.

This work presents a theoretical analysis of the motion of a tracer colloid driven by a time-dependent force through a viscoelastic fluid. The recoil of the colloid after application of a strong force is determined. It provides insights into the elastic forces stored locally in the fluid and their weakening by plastic processes.

[Psychedelics in psychiatry: an open debate].

The application of psychedelics in psychiatry and psychotherapy is increasingly the subject of scientific evaluation and discussion in national and international professional and general society, and, internationally, has already been partly applied in the clinical setting. The manuscript provides a basic description of the state of the art regarding evidence and clinical issues; law, ethics and economics are addressed; therapeutic qualification of potential users and a potentially clinical embedding in psychiatry are discussed, taking into consideration current challenges. Thus, the discussion will cover the circumstances under which the application of psychedelics might have a potential to broaden the spectrum of treatments in certain psychiatric conditions, particularly in the context of chronicity and treatment resistance to current methods.

Fluorine Labeling and F NMR Spectroscopy to Study Biological Molecules and Molecular Complexes.

High-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy represents a key methodology for studying biomolecules and their interplay with other molecules. Recent developments in labeling strategies have made it possible to incorporate fluorine into proteins and peptides reliably, with manageable efforts and, importantly, in a highly site-specific manner. Paired with its excellent NMR spectroscopic properties and absence in most biological systems, fluorine has enabled scientists to investigate a rather wide range of scientific objectives, including protein folding, protein dynamics and drug discovery.

Collective self-caging of active filaments in virtual confinement.

Motility coupled to responsive behavior is essential for many microorganisms to seek and establish appropriate habitats. One of the simplest possible responses, reversing the direction of motion, is believed to enable filamentous cyanobacteria to form stable aggregates or accumulate in suitable light conditions. Here, we demonstrate that filamentous morphology in combination with responding to light gradients by reversals has consequences far beyond simple accumulation: Entangled aggregates form at the boundaries of illuminated regions, harnessing the boundary to establish local order.

Long ranged stress correlations in the hard sphere liquid.

The smooth emergence of shear elasticity is a hallmark of the liquid to glass transition. In a liquid, viscous stresses arise from local structural rearrangements. In the solid, Eshelby has shown that stresses around an inclusion decay as a power law r-D, where D is the dimension of the system.

[Developing An Initial Best Practice Model For Inpatient Equivalent Psychiatric Home Treatment From The Perspective Of Service Users: Consensus Process With Participatory Features].

Aim: Inpatient-Equivalent Home Treatment (IEHT) for mental health is new in Germany and therefore requires quality development. A best practice model (BPM) for IEHT is being developed from a service user perspective.

Methods: 1.

High-temperature water unlocks urea as nitrogen-source towards imidazoles.

Urea is a non-toxic, harmless, and abundant bulk organic chemical featuring high nitrogen content. Therefore, urea could be a prime green candidate for introducing nitrogen atoms into organic molecules. In this regard, urea in organic synthesis has been mainly employed as building block, component of solvent systems, catalyst, or for pH adjustment, while uses of urea as NH-source towards the construction of small organic compounds are scarce.

Hydrothermal synthesis of metal nanoparticles@hydrogels and statistical evaluation of reaction conditions' effects on nanoparticle morphologies.

We report a facile green hydrothermal synthesis (HTS) of monoliths of hydrogels decorated with noble metal nanoparticles (NPs). The one-pot approach requires solely water, a polysaccharide able to form a hydrogel, and a salt precursor (M-containing) for the metal NPs. The polysaccharide fulfills three roles: (i) it acts as the reducing agent of M to M under hydrothermal conditions, (ii) it stabilizes NPs surfaces, and (iii) it forms a hydrogel scaffold in which the metal NPs are embedded.

A flexible loop in the paxillin LIM3 domain mediates its direct binding to integrin β subunits.

Integrins are fundamental for cell adhesion and the formation of focal adhesions (FA). Accordingly, these receptors guide embryonic development, tissue maintenance, and haemostasis but are also involved in cancer invasion and metastasis. A detailed understanding of the molecular interactions that drive integrin activation, FA assembly, and downstream signalling cascades is critical.

Young adolescent boys' and girls' attitudes toward uncommitted sexual behaviors and the perception of interest in sexual exploration in opposite-gender relations.

The aim of this study is to measure young adolescent boys' and girls' attitudes toward uncommitted sexual behaviors and gain insight into their perception of peers' sexual exploration interest in committed versus non-committed opposite-gender relations. We constructed a new 5-item measurement of young adolescents' attitudes toward uncommitted sexual behavior (sociosexuality) and report on the reliability and construct validity of the scale. Analyses were performed on a sample of 425 secondary school students (187 boys, 238 girls, Mean age = 14.

Dimerization of 9-Phenyl-ferroceno[2,3]indenylmethyl Radicals: Electrochemical and Spectroelectrochemical Studies.

We report on three new 9-phenyl-substituted ferroceno[2,3]indenylmethylium dyes - with electron-donating (OMe, Me) or electron-withdrawing (CF) substituents. Complexes - exist as racemic mixtures of and enantiomers. Pyramidalization at the methyl C atom in the precursor carbinol species - or the corresponding one-electron reduced radicals induces a second stereocenter, as the 9-phenyl substituent may reside in an or an position.

Dual Fluorescence and Phosphorescence Emissions from Dye-Modified ()-Bismuth Pincer Thiolate Complexes.

We report the synthesis, characterization, and photophysical properties of four new dye-modified ()Bi pincer complexes with two mercaptocoumarin or mercaptopyrene ligands. Their photophysical properties were probed by UV/vis spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL) studies, and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations. Absorption spectra of the complexes are dominated by mixed pyrene or coumarin π → π*/n(pS) → pyrene or coumarin π* transitions.

Temporal Evolution of Interparticle Potentials of PMMA Colloids in CHB/Decalin.

Colloidal dispersions composed of polymethylmetacrylate particles dispersed in a mixture of cyclohexyl bromide and decalin find widespread use as model systems in optical microscopy experiments. While the system allows simultaneous density and refractive index matching, preparing particles with hard potentials remains challenging, and strong variations in the physical parameters of samples prepared in the same manner are commonly observed. Here, we present data on the measurement of forces between individual pairs of particles in highly diluted dispersions over the course of tens of days using the blinking optical tweezers method.

Structured electrons with chiral mass and charge.

Chirality is a phenomenon with widespread relevance in fundamental physics, material science, chemistry, optics, and spectroscopy. In this work, we show that a free electron can be converted by the field cycles of laser light into a right-handed or left-handed coil of mass and charge. In contrast to phase-vortex beams, our electrons maintained a flat de Broglie wave but obtained their chirality from the shape of their expectation value in space and time.