Efficacy and safety of osteoporosis treatment in older adults. Approach for the secondary prevention of fractures in older populations. A proposal by SEFRAOS.

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of the microarchitecture, resulting in bone fragility and risk of fractures. As the life expectancy of the population increases, fragility fractures are expected to become more common. Indeed, the incidence rate for major fracture (hip, vertebra, pelvis, etc.

Safety and efficacy of direct oral anticoagulants in kidney transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have recently shown potential efficacy for many conditions without the need for regular monitoring. However, their use in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) is controversial, with no clear consensus on how they compare to vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), which have traditionally been used as preferred anticoagulation therapy in these patients.

Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Central, and Embase databases were systematically searched up to December 2023 for studies comparing DOACs versus VKAs in KTRs.

Long-term safety of gantenerumab in participants with Alzheimer's disease: A phase III, open-label extension study (SCarlet RoAD).

Background: Gantenerumab is a fully human anti-amyloid-β (Aβ) immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody for subcutaneous (SC) administration. The efficacy and safety of low-dose (105 mg or 225 mg) gantenerumab were investigated in SCarlet RoAD (SR; NCT01224106), a Phase III, double-blind (DB), placebo-controlled study in participants with prodromal Alzheimer's disease. Following a pre-planned futility analysis, SR was converted into an open-label extension (OLE) study.

FACEmemory, an Innovative Self-Administered Online Memory Assessment Tool.

: Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are currently underdiagnosed in the community, and early detection of cognitive deficits is crucial for timely intervention. FACEmemory, the first completely self-administered online memory test with voice recognition, has been launched as an accessible tool to detect such deficits. This study aims to investigate the neuropsychological associations between FACEmemory subscores and cognitive composites derived from traditional paper-and-pencil neuropsychological tests and to develop an optimal algorithm using FACEmemory data and demographics to discriminate cognitively healthy (CH) individuals from those with MCI.

KABP051: Stability in Fruit Juices and Production of Bioactive Compounds During Their Fermentation.

The lactic fermentation of fruit and vegetable juices by well-characterised probiotics remains relatively underexplored. We have investigated the stability and impact of KABP051 fermentation on orange, apple, and peach juices by microbiological, physicochemical, and sensory evaluation means. For each fruit juice, three different samples were analysed: original fruit juice without probiotic as blank (B), fruit juice inoculated with 10 CFU/mL of probiotic without fermentation (P), and fruit juice inoculated with 10 CFU/mL of probiotic and fermented at 37 °C for 24 h (PF).

Effects of a nutrition education intervention on food-provision managerial decisions in Catalan old age nursing homes.

Introduction: Existing research does not provide definitive conclusions on the most effective initiatives for preventing malnutrition among older adult residents in nursing homes.

Objective: We aimed to assess whether a nutrition education intervention provided to nursing home managers can improve dietary managerial decisions within nursing homes.

Methods: We performed a multicenter study, where each center was randomized to an intervention or a control group.

Multidisciplinary boards: Survey on the current situation and needs of Spanish radiologists.

Introduction And Objectives: The increasing participation of radiologists in multidisciplinary boards brings about advantages, challenges and specific needs. The aim of this paper is to identify the boards in which radiologists participate and to detect the needs, problems and opportunities that these boards pose for our specialty.

Methods And Materials: The Spanish Society of Medical Radiology (SERAM) conducted an ad-hoc survey that was distributed among members and through social networks.

The Mediating Role of Trait Mindfulness in Academic Stress: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Italian University Students.

Background: Stress is a significant factor influencing the mental well-being of students, and mindfulness strategies have been associated with reduced academic stress. Nevertheless, there is a limited body of research investigating stress and trait mindfulness in a sample of Italian university students. This study aims to explore the relationship between academic stress, effort-reward imbalance, and trait mindfulness.

Facing death alone and in isolation: A phenomenological study with survivors of COVID-19.

During the early waves of COVID-19, many patients had to be isolated, with some dying alone in hospitals. Understanding the psychological impact of isolation during a potentially life-threatening disease and identifying coping mechanisms can inform future care protocols. This qualitative study aimed to explore the experiences of COVID-19 survivors isolated in hospitals.

Associations of plasma SMOC1 and soluble IL6RA levels with the progression from mild cognitive impairment to dementia.

Despite the central role attributed to neuroinflammation in the etiology and pathobiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the direct link between levels of inflammatory mediators in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) compartments, as well as their potential implications for AD diagnosis and progression, remains inconclusive. Moreover, there is debate on whether inflammation has a protective or detrimental effect on disease onset and progression. Indeed, distinct immunological mechanisms may govern protective and damaging effects at early and late stages, respectively.

Pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage in children and adults self-confined at home during a COVID-19 national lockdown.

Background: Despite growing evidence of reduced invasive and non-invasive pneumococcal disease attributed to public health measures against the COVID-19 pandemic, the effect of these measures on pneumococcal carriage remains unclear. This study aimed to assess pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage among children and adults self-confined at home during the COVID-19 national lockdown in Spain while identifying predictors of pneumococcal carriage in children.

Methods: Household study conducted across the metropolitan area of Barcelona (Spain) between April-June 2020.

Qatar dental student perceptions of Sirona prep-check software for learning crown preparations.

Background: Contemporary dental education requires swift assimilation of technological advancements to prepare the future generation of dentists. Integrating digital tools, such as prepCheck software in crown preparations offers a promising avenue for enhancing the learning experiences of dental students. This study aimed to evaluate the perceptions and experiences of undergraduate dental students regarding the use of PrepCheck software for learning crown preparations.

Trends in the Incidence of Brain Cancer: An Observational Study.

Introduction: Brain cancer is a serious global health problem, leading to increasing mortality and morbidity. Understanding the risk factors is crucial in early diagnosis and treatment. This retrospective cohort study thus aimed at assessing the temporal trends in the incidence of brain cancer based on age, gender, and race from 1999-2020.

Simultaneous ortho-surgical expansion and protraction of the maxilla in patients with mature midpalatal suture: A technical note.

The authors aim to propose combination of Surgically Assisted Miniscrew-Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (SAMARPE) with orthopedic traction miniplates placement in cases where a sagittal deficiency coexists with the necessity of carrying out a surgical maxillary expansion. Unlike the conventional orthopedic traction technique, where the miniplates are placed bilaterally in the infrazygomatic crest of the maxillary buttress, in this scenario the upper miniplates should be placed below the LeFort I osteotomy, and therefore a little bit angulated.

Smartphone and tablet use pattern in children up to 5 years old in Spain: a cross-sectional study.

to characterize the smartphones and tablets use pattern in a sample of children up to 5 years old and assess with which variables it is associated. cross-sectional study of 410 parents of children up to 5 years of age. Data were obtained from an online questionnaire.

Head-to-head comparison of tau PET tracers [F]PI-2620 and [F]RO948 in non-demented individuals with brain amyloid deposition: the TAU-PET FACEHBI cohort.

Background: Second-generation tau tracers for positron emission tomography (PET) show high affinity for paired helical filaments tau deposits characteristic of Alzheimer´s disease and low off-target binding. Differences in their chemical structure though may lead to variations in their regional tau uptake and off-target signal. In this work, we aimed to compare the in-vivo uptake of tau tracers [F]PI-2620 and [F]RO948 in the early stages of the AD continuum.

Effectiveness of high versus mixed-level fidelity simulation on undergraduate nursing students: A randomised controlled trial.

Aim: This study evaluates the impact of high-fidelity simulation on the acquisition and retention of competencies in nursing students.

Background: High-fidelity simulation provides a realistic and risk-free environment allowing students to practice, which potentially enhances the acquisition and retention of required competencies.

Design: A blinded, randomised clinical trial with three arms was conducted with a pretest and a follow-up at 6 months (post-test 1) and 12 months (post-test 2).

Palbociclib and letrozole for hormone receptor-positive HER2-negative breast cancer with residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

With the incorporation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors in early breast cancer (BC), a better identification of biomarkers is needed. The PROMETEO II trial aimed to evaluate the antitumor activity of palbociclib plus letrozole and to identify response biomarkers in patients with operable HR+/HER2- BC and residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). The primary endpoint was the rate of complete cell cycle arrest (CCCA), centrally determined by Ki67 ≤ 2.