Cellular plasticity upon proton irradiation determines tumor cell radiosensitivity.

Proton radiotherapy has been implemented into the standard-of-care for cancer patients within recent years. However, experimental studies investigating cellular and molecular mechanisms are lacking, and prognostic biomarkers are needed. Cancer stem cell (CSC)-related biomarkers, such as aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), are known to influence cellular radiosensitivity through inactivation of reactive oxygen species, DNA damage repair, and cell death.

Analysis of Neutral B-Meson Decays into Two Muons.

Branching fraction and effective lifetime measurements of the rare decay B_{s}^{0}→μ^{+}μ^{-} and searches for the decays B^{0}→μ^{+}μ^{-} and B_{s}^{0}→μ^{+}μ^{-}γ are reported using proton-proton collision data collected with the LHCb detector at center-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV, corresponding to a luminosity of 9  fb^{-1}. The branching fraction B(B_{s}^{0}→μ^{+}μ^{-})=(3.09_{-0.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 1-[(benzyl-dimethyl-sil-yl)meth-yl]-1-ethyl-piperidin-1-ium ethane-sulfonate.

The title mol-ecular salt, CHNSi·CHOS, belongs to the class of -amino-silanes and was synthesized by the alkyl-ation of 1-[(benzyl-dimethyl-sil-yl)meth-yl]piperidine using diethyl sulfate. This achiral salt crystallizes in the chiral space group 2. One of the Si-C bonds in the cation is unusually long [1.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of ()--methyl-1-phenyl-ethan-1-aminium chloride.

The title compound CHN·Cl, (), can be synthesized starting from ()--methyl-1-phenyl-ethan-1-amine (). Compound upon addition of HCl·EtO leads to crystallization of compound as colorless blocks. The configuration of compound is stable as well as preserved in space group 222.

Tuning the High-Pressure Phase Behaviour of Highly Compressible Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks: From Discontinuous to Continuous Pore Closure by Linker Substitution.

The high-pressure behaviour of flexible zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) of the ZIF-62 family with the chemical composition M(im) (bim) is presented (M =Zn , Co ; im =imidazolate; bim =benzimidazolate, 0.02≤x≤0.37).

"Metal-modified base pairs" vs. "metal-mediated pairs of bases": not just a semantic issue!

A "nucleobase pair" is not identical with a "pair of basic ligands", as only in the first case, the existence of inter-base hydrogen bonds is implied. The cross-linking of two nucleobases or two basic ligands by a metal ion of suitable geometry produces either "metal-modified" or "metal-mediated" species, but in the author's opinion, this difference is not always properly made. This commentary is an attempt to provide a clearer distinction between the two scenarios.

Crystal structure of ,,','-tetra-methyl-ethane-di-amine.

The title compound ,,','-tetra-methyl-ethanedi-amine, CHN, is a bidentate amine ligand commonly used in organolithium chemistry for deaggregation. Crystals were grown at 243 K from -pentane solution. The complete mol-ecule is generated by a crystallographic center of symmetry and the conformation of the di-amine is anti-periplanar.

Crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses of bis-(4,5-di-hydro-furan-2-yl)di-methyl-silane and (4,5-di-hydro-furan-2-yl)(meth-yl)di-phenyl-silane.

The title compounds, CHOSi () and CHOSi (), are classified as di-hydro-furylsilanes, which show great potential as building blocks for various functionalized silanes. They both crystallize in the space group in the triclinic crystal system. Analyses of the Hirshfeld surfaces show packing-determining inter-actions for both compounds, resulting in a polymeric chain along the [011] for silane and a layered-inter-connected structure along the -axis direction for silane .

Search for Lepton-Flavor Violation in Z-Boson Decays with τ Leptons with the ATLAS Detector.

A search for lepton-flavor-violating Z→eτ and Z→μτ decays with pp collision data recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC is presented. This analysis uses 139  fb^{-1} of Run 2 pp collisions at sqrt[s]=13  TeV and is combined with the results of a similar ATLAS search in the final state in which the τ lepton decays hadronically, using the same data set as well as Run 1 data. The addition of leptonically decaying τ leptons significantly improves the sensitivity reach for Z→ℓτ decays.

A pressure-jump study on the interaction of osmolytes and crowders with cubic monoolein structures.

Many vital processes that take place in biological cells involve remodeling of lipid membranes. These processes take place in a milieu that is packed with various solutes, ranging from ions and small organic osmolytes to proteins and other macromolecules, occupying about 30% of the available volume. In this work, we investigated how molecular crowding, simulated with the polymer polyethylene glycol (PEG), and the osmolytes urea and trimethylamine--oxide (TMAO) affect the equilibration of cubic monoolein structures after a phase transition from a lamellar state induced by an abrupt pressure reduction.

Investigating spatio-temporal mobility patterns and changes in metro usage under the impact of COVID-19 using Taipei Metro smart card data.

Modern public transit systems are often run with automated fare collection (AFC) systems in combination with smart cards. These systems passively collect massive amounts of detailed spatio-temporal trip data, thus opening up new possibilities for public transit planning and management as well as providing new insights for urban planners. We use smart card trip data from Taipei, Taiwan, to perform an in-depth analysis of spatio-temporal station-to-station metro trip patterns for a whole week divided into several time slices.

Morphological profiling by means of the Cell Painting assay enables identification of tubulin-targeting compounds.

In phenotypic compound discovery, conclusive identification of cellular targets and mode of action are often impaired by off-target binding. In particular, microtubules are frequently targeted in cellular assays. However, in vitro tubulin binding assays do not correctly reflect the cellular context, and conclusive high-throughput phenotypic assays monitoring tubulin binding are scarce, such that tubulin binding is rarely identified.

Characterization of a Triplet Vinylidene.

Singlet vinylidenes (RC═C:) are proposed as intermediates in a series of organic reactions, and very few have been studied by matrix isolation or gas-phase spectroscopy. Triplet vinylidenes, however, featuring two unpaired electrons at a monosubstituted carbon atom are thus far only predicted as electronically excited-state species and represent an unexplored class of carbon-centered diradicals. We report the photochemical generation and low-temperature EPR/ENDOR characterization of the first ground-state high-spin (triplet) vinylidene.

Exciton Binding Energy in CdSe Nanoplatelets Measured by One- and Two-Photon Absorption.

Colloidal semiconductor nanoplatelets exhibit strong quantum confinement for electrons and holes as well as excitons in one dimension, while their in-plane motion is free. Because of the large dielectric contrast between the semiconductor and its ligand environment, the Coulomb interaction between electrons and holes is strongly enhanced. By means of one- and two-photon photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy, we measure the energies of the 1S and 1P exciton states in CdSe nanoplatelets with thicknesses varied from 3 up to 7 monolayers.

Nuclear Spin Relaxation in Viscous Liquids: Relaxation Stretching of Single-Particle Probes.

Spin-lattice relaxation rates (ω,), probed via high-field and field-cycling nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), are used to test the validity of frequency-temperature superposition (FTS) for the reorientation dynamics in viscous liquids. For several liquids, FTS is found to apply so that master curves can be generated. The susceptibility spectra are highly similar to those obtained from depolarized light scattering (DLS) and reveal an excess wing.

Statistical and Visual Analysis of Audio, Text, and Image Features for Multi-Modal Music Genre Recognition.

We present a multi-modal genre recognition framework that considers the modalities audio, text, and image by features extracted from audio signals, album cover images, and lyrics of music tracks. In contrast to pure learning of features by a neural network as done in the related work, handcrafted features designed for a respective modality are also integrated, allowing for higher interpretability of created models and further theoretical analysis of the impact of individual features on genre prediction. Genre recognition is performed by binary classification of a music track with respect to each genre based on combinations of elementary features.

Advances in the study of supercooled water.

In this review, we report recent progress in the field of supercooled water. Due to its uniqueness, water presents numerous anomalies with respect to most simple liquids, showing polyamorphism both in the liquid and in the glassy state. We first describe the thermodynamic scenarios hypothesized for the supercooled region and in particular among them the liquid-liquid critical point scenario that has so far received more experimental evidence.

Picomolar FKBP inhibitors enabled by a single water-displacing methyl group in bicyclic [4.3.1] aza-amides.

Methyl groups can have profound effects in drug discovery but the underlying mechanisms are diverse and incompletely understood. Here we report the stereospecific effect of a single, solvent-exposed methyl group in bicyclic [4.3.

Asymmetric Interplay Between K and Blocker and Atomistic Parameters From Physiological Experiments Quantify K Channel Blocker Release.

Modulating the activity of ion channels by blockers yields information on both the mode of drug action and on the biophysics of ion transport. Here we investigate the interplay between ions in the selectivity filter (SF) of K channels and the release kinetics of the blocker tetrapropylammonium in the model channel Kcv. A quantitative expression calculates blocker release rate constants directly from voltage-dependent ion occupation probabilities in the SF.

Guest-mediated phase transitions in a flexible pillared-layered metal-organic framework under high-pressure.

The guest-dependent flexibility of the pillared-layered metal-organic framework (MOF), Znbdcdabco·(guest), where guest = EtOH, DMF or benzene, has been examined by high-pressure single crystal X-ray diffraction. A pressure-induced structural phase transition is found for the EtOH- and DMF-included frameworks during compression in a hydrostatic medium of the guest species, which is dependent upon the nature and quantity of the guest in the channels. The EtOH-included material undergoes a phase transition from 4/ to 2/ at 0.

Artificial intelligence-guided discovery of anticancer lead compounds from plants and associated microorganisms.

Plants and associated microorganisms are essential sources of natural products against human cancer diseases, partly exemplified by plant-derived anticancer drugs such as Taxol (paclitaxel). Natural products provide diverse mechanisms of action and can be used directly or as prodrugs for further anticancer optimization. Despite the success, major bottlenecks can delay anticancer lead discovery and implementation.

Floquet Prethermalization with Lifetime Exceeding 90 s in a Bulk Hyperpolarized Solid.

We report the observation of long-lived Floquet prethermal states in a bulk solid composed of dipolar-coupled ^{13}C nuclei in diamond at room temperature. For precessing nuclear spins prepared in an initial transverse state, we demonstrate pulsed spin-lock Floquet control that prevents their decay over multiple-minute-long periods. We observe Floquet prethermal lifetimes T_{2}^{'}≈90.

Exploiting non-covalent interactions in selective carbohydrate synthesis.

Non-covalent interactions (NCIs) are a vital component of biological bond-forming events, and have found important applications in multiple branches of chemistry. In recent years, the biomimetic exploitation of NCIs in challenging glycosidic bond formation and glycofunctionalizations has attracted significant interest across diverse communities of organic and carbohydrate chemists. This emerging theme is a major new direction in contemporary carbohydrate chemistry, and is rapidly gaining traction as a robust strategy to tackle long-standing issues such as anomeric and site selectivity.

Isomeric effects in structure formation and dielectric dynamics of different octanols.

The understanding of the microstructure of associated liquids promoted by hydrogen-bonding and constrained by steric hindrance is highly relevant in chemistry, physics, biology and for many aspects of daily life. In this study we use a combination of X-ray diffraction, dielectric spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations to reveal temperature induced changes in the microstructure of different octanol isomers, , linear 1-octanol and branched 2-, 3- and 4-octanol. In all octanols, the hydroxyl groups form the basis of chain-, cyclic- or loop-like bonded structures that are separated by outwardly directed alkyl chains.

Long-Term Efficacy and Impact on Mortality of Remote Magnetic Navigation Guided Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Arrhythmias.

Remote magnetic navigation (RMN) facilitates ventricular arrhythmia (VA) ablation. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term efficacy of RMN-guided ablation for ventricular tachycardia (VT) and premature ventricular contractions (PVC). A total of 176 consecutive patients (mean age 53.