The modulating effect of circulating carbohydrate antigen 125 on ST2 and long-term recurrent morbidity burden.

Soluble ST2 (sST2) is released in response to vascular congestion, inflammation, and pro-fibrotic stimuli. In heart failure (HF), elevated levels of sST2 are associated with a higher risk of adverse clinical outcomes. Emerging evidence suggests that carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) may act as a ligand that modulates the inflammatory response.

Gut microbial alteration in chronic spontaneous urticaria unresponsive to second generation antihistamines and its correlation with disease characteristics- a cross-sectional case-control study.

Background: Gut microbial involvement has been speculated in chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). The aim of the study was to compare the gut microbiome composition and diversity in CSU patients uncontrolled with second-generation antihistamines (sgAHs) and healthy individuals, as well as to explore any association between gut microbiome and disease characteristics.

Methods: A cross-sectional case-control study including 20 CSU patients unresponsive to standard doses of sgAHs, and 15 age-and-sex matched healthy controls was conducted.

Prenatal Exercise Decreases Urinary Incontinence in Late Pregnancy and Three Months Postpartum: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a supervised exercise program, including Pelvic Floor Muscle Training (PFMT), throughout pregnancy on Urinary Incontinence (UI).

Methods: A randomized clinical trial (NCT04563065) was conducted. Initially, 600 pregnant women were screened for eligibility, with data from 356 participants eventually analyzed.

Humoral and cellular immune responses after 6 months of a heterologous SARS-CoV-2 booster with the protein-based PHH-1V vaccine in a phase IIb trial.

The HIPRA-HH-2 was a multicentre, randomized, active-controlled, double-blind, non-inferiority phase IIb clinical trial comparing the immunogenicity and safety of the PHH-1V adjuvanted recombinant vaccine as a heterologous booster against homologous booster with BNT162b2. Interim results demonstrated strong humoral and cellular immune response against the SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan-Hu-1 strain and the Beta, Delta, and Omicron BA.1 variants up to day 98 post-dosing.

Mapping alterations in the local synchrony of the cerebral cortex in Prader Willi syndrome.

Individuals with Prader Willi syndrome (PWS) often exhibit behavioral difficulties characterized by deficient impulse regulation and obsessive-compulsive features resembling those observed in obsessive-compulsive disorder. The genetic configuration of PWS aligns with molecular and neurophysiological findings suggesting dysfunction in the inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) interneuron system may contribute to its clinical manifestation. In the cerebral cortex, this dysfunction is expressed as desynchronization of local neural activity.

Impact of hyper- and hypothermia on cellular and whole-body physiology.

The incidence of heat-related illnesses and heatstroke continues to rise amidst global warming. Hyperthermia triggers inflammation, coagulation, and progressive multiorgan dysfunction, and, at levels above 40 °C, can even lead to cell death. Blood cells, particularly granulocytes and platelets, are highly sensitive to heat, which promotes proinflammatory and procoagulant changes.

Scoring of swine lung images: a comparison between a computer vision system and human evaluators.

Cranioventral pulmonary consolidation (CVPC) is a common lesion observed in the lungs of slaughtered pigs, often associated with Mycoplasma (M.) hyopneumoniae infection. There is a need to implement simple, fast, and valid CVPC scoring methods.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a major cause of thromboinflammation and inflammatory cell death in critical illnesses.

Background: Mitochondria generate the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) necessary for eukaryotic cells, serving as their primary energy suppliers, and contribute to host defense by producing reactive oxygen species. In many critical illnesses, including sepsis, major trauma, and heatstroke, the vicious cycle between activated coagulation and inflammation results in tissue hypoxia-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired mitochondrial function contributes to thromboinflammation and cell death.

Methods: A computer-based online search was performed using the PubMed and Web of Science databases for published articles concerning sepsis, trauma, critical illnesses, cell death, mitochondria, inflammation, coagulopathy, and organ dysfunction.

INSIGHT: A Tool for Fit-for-Purpose Evaluation and Quality Assessment of Standardized Observational Data Sources for Real World Evidence on Medicine and Vaccine Safety.

Purpose: To describe the development of INSIGHT, a real-world data quality tool to assess completeness, consistency, and fitness-for-purpose of observational health data sources.

Methods: We designed a three-level pipeline with data quality assessments (DQAs) to be performed in ConcePTION Common Data Model (CDM) instances. The pipeline has been coded using R.

Association Between Diagnostic Delay and Economic and Clinical Burden in Axial Spondyloarthritis: A Multicentre Retrospective Observational Study.

Introduction: Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory condition associated with considerable pain and impaired health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for affected patients. Despite the documented increase in healthcare resource utilization (HRU) related to axSpA, few studies have explored the impact of diagnostic delays on these outcomes. This study sought to determine the association between diagnostic delay of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and costs in the 3 years after diagnosis.

Post-testicular spermatozoa of a marine teleost can conduct cytoplasmic and mitochondrial translation.

Translational silence of spermatozoa has long been considered the norm in animals. However, studies in mammals have shown that the mitochondrial ribosomal machinery is selectively activated during capacitation in the female reproductive tract, while cytosolic ribosomes remain inactive. Here, using quantitative proteomics in a piscine model species, we show that proteins involved in mRNA processing and cytoplasmic translation are predominantly accumulated in immature spermatozoa within the extratesticular excurrent ducts, while those related to flagellar motility are enriched in ejaculated (mature) sperm.

Emergence of Invasive Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis in Spain (2012-2022): Genomic Insights and Clinical Correlations.

Objectives: An increase in Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (SDSE) infections has been documented worldwide. This study aims to analyse invasive disease caused by SDSE (iSDSE) in adults over an 11-year period in Spain.

Diversity of Aspergillus section Nigri species from vineyards with different agro-climatic conditions in Catalonia, Spain.

A few Aspergillus section Nigri species are involved in the ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination in grapes worldwide, and its occurrence is determined by the agro-climatic conditions of each region. The aim of this study was to examine the diversity of black aspergilli isolated from grapes, soil, and air from vineyards with different agro-climatic conditions. A total of four vineyards located in Catalonia were studied.

Appropriateness of urine culture requests in primary care in Spain: A cross-sectional descriptive study.

Objective: Studies evaluating urine culture requests in our country have highlighted a high rate of requests that fall outside the indications specified in clinical guidelines. We evaluated the current degree of inadequacy in the request of urine cultures and how this influences the therapeutic decisions of general practitioners.

Design: Cross-sectional descriptive study.

Monitoring of Selected Swine Viral Diseases in Peruvian Amazon Peccaries.

Peccaries (collared peccary-CP-and white-lipped peccary-WLP) are an essential source of protein and income for rural communities in the Amazon region. Since 1980s, researchers in the Amazon have reported recurrent local disappearances of WLP populations. Although such disappearances impact the species conservation and the food security of rural societies, no studies have drawn consistent conclusions about the causes of these population collapses.

Association between dietary intake estimated levels of PCDD/Fs and human sperm quality.

This study aimed to investigate the association between estimated dietary intake of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and human sperm quality. This study cross-sectionally assessed the associations between estimated dietary intake of PCDD/Fs and sperm quality parameters in 200 participants aged 18-40 years from the Led-Fertyl study. Linear regression models, accounting for potential confounding variables, were employed to evaluate the relationships.

Acral melanoma in the Caucasian population: a comprehensive cohort study on epidemiological, clinicopathological, and prognostic features.

Background: Acral melanoma is associated with poor prognosis. Studying the characteristics and prognosis of Caucasian patients is crucial to understand the distinct features of this tumor.

Objectives: To analyze the epidemiological, clinicopathological, and prognostic features of acral melanoma in Caucasian patients.

Seronegativity of Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) against Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum is consistent with eco-epidemiological and environmental features in Mediterranean mountainous areas.

Knowledge of pathogen epidemiological dynamics and habitat ecological features is essential for wildlife population and health monitoring and management. Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum are two broadly distributed multi-host parasites that affect both wild and domestic animals and, in the case of T. gondii, cause zoonosis.

Clinical Outcomes With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients With FGFR2/3, MTAP or ERBB2 Genomic Alterations in Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma.

Background: FGFR2/3, MTAP and ERBB2 genomic alterations have treatment targets in advanced urothelial carcinoma (aUC). These alterations may affect tumor microenvironment and outcomes with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in aUC.

Patients And Methods: We identified patients with available genomic data in our multi-institution cohort of patients with aUC treated with ICI.

No Difference in External Rotation Loss After Isolated Bankart Repair, Remplissage, or Latarjet: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Despite the effectiveness of remplissage in reducing instability recurrence, debate remains about the loss of external rotation (ER) after this procedure.

Purpose: To compare the loss of ER after primary isolated arthroscopic Bankart repair alone (BR), Bankart with remplissage (REMP), and Latarjet (LAT) procedures.

Study Design: Meta-analysis; Level of evidence, 3.

Family Shopping Basket Intervention: A Strategy to Reduce Obesity in Prepubertal Children.

The goal of childhood obesity treatment is to benefit the physical and mental health of children who suffer from it and to prevent complications, improving their quality of life and ensuring adequate development. Family-based interventions are demonstrating positive results, especially in prepubertal children. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a family grocery basket intervention for the treatment of childhood obesity in a Spanish primary care office.

Adjuvant Immunotherapy After Resected Melanoma: Survival Outcomes, Prognostic Factors and Patterns of Relapse.

Background: Anti-PD-1-based immunotherapy has improved outcomes in stage IIB to IV resected melanoma patients in clinical trials. However, little is known about real-world outcomes, prognostic factors and patterns of relapse.

Methods: This is a retrospective multicenter observational study including patients with resected melanoma treated with subsequent anti-PD-1-based adjuvant immunotherapy.

Analysis of Inflammatory Features in Suspicious Lesions for Significant Prostate Cancer on Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Are They Mimickers of Prostate Cancer?

Background: Inflammatory features can mimic PCa in suspicious MRI-lesions.

Objectives: To assess the incidence of inflammatory features in targeted biopsies to suspicious lesions.

Methods: A prospective analysis was conducted of 531 MRI-suspicious lesions with Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) scores of 3 to 5 in 364 men suspected of having PCa.

Governance of Indigenous data in open earth systems science.

In the age of big data and open science, what processes are needed to follow open science protocols while upholding Indigenous Peoples' rights? The Earth Data Relations Working Group (EDRWG), convened to address this question and envision a research landscape that acknowledges the legacy of extractive practices and embraces new norms across Earth science institutions and open science research. Using the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) as an example, the EDRWG recommends actions, applicable across all phases of the data lifecycle, that recognize the sovereign rights of Indigenous Peoples and support better research across all Earth Sciences.