Cognitive and Motor Decline in Dementia with Lewy Bodies and Parkinson's Disease Dementia.

Background: There is a need to better understand the rate of cognitive and motor decline of Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease Dementia (PDD).

Objectives: To compare the rate of cognitive and motor decline in patients with DLB and PDD from the E-DLB Consortium and the Parkinson's Incidence Cohorts Collaboration (PICC) Cohorts.

Methods: The annual change in MMSE and MDS-UPDRS part III was estimated using linear mixed regression models in patients with at least one follow-up (DLB  = 837 and PDD  = 157).

VHrare study: Prevalence, clinical features and management of severe rare bleeding disorders in a large cohort.

Introduction: Rare bleeding disorders (RBD) constitute 5% of total hereditary bleeding disorders, although the number could be higher, due to the presence of undiagnosed asymptomatic patients. The objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence and characteristics of patients with severe RBDs in our area.

Material And Methods: We analyzed the patients with RBD followed at a tertiary-level hospital between January 2014 and December 2021.

Current situation of shared decision making in osteoporosis: A comprehensive literature review of patient decision aids and decision drivers.

Background And Aims: Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and microstructural deterioration of bone tissues, resulting in bone fragility and increased fracture risk. It is the most common bone-related disease in the population. However, the proportion of patients who start treatment but discontinue it during the first year is very high (around 50%).

[The role of solidarity in a pandemic.].

Solidarity is part of the map of values and ethical principles of the COVID-19 pandemic that has devastated the world since the end of 2019. Solidarity has been behind the justification for public health measures such as confinement, quarantines, lockdowns, the mandatory use of masks, and the financing, distribution and inoculation of vaccines against the virus; it has also been used to economic compensation, intergenerational sacrifices, the importance of public health care and even mutual aid between citizens, institutions and countries to face the worst effects of the pandemic. However, solidarity has been used interchangeably as a descriptive and normative, motivational and justificatory, sentimental and political, moral and legal idea, thus increasing confusion about its meaning, use and scope.

How reliably can algorithms identify eosinophilic asthma phenotypes using non-invasive biomarkers?

Background And Aims: Asthma is a heterogeneous respiratory disease that encompasses different inflammatory and functional endophenotypes. Many non-invasive biomarkers has been investigated to its pathobiology. Heany et al proposed a clinical algorithm that classifies severe asthmatic patients into likely-eosinophilic phenotypes, based on accessible biomarkers: PBE, current treatment, FeNO, presence of nasal polyps (NP) and age of onset.

Social norms (not threat) mediate willingness to sacrifice in individuals fused with the nation: Insights from the COVID-19 pandemic.

Identity fusion with the community has been previously found to mediate altruism in post-disaster settings. However, whether this altruistic response is specifically triggered by ingroup threat, or whether it can also be triggered by global threats remains unclear. We evaluated willingness to sacrifice in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic across three survey waves.

Free time, gender and the pandemic: An exploration of children's daily routines in the times of COVID-19 in Chile.

This article discusses the differentiation by gender displayed by children between 8 and 12 years old on how they used their free time during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile. This study had a qualitative approach, where 43 in-depth interviews were conducted with children from three different regions of the country, using participatory photo-elicitation as the central tool. The main results of the study show a configuration of free time based on gender stereotypes, showing that boys are the ones who most adhere to such stereotypes, triggering a crisis in the identity construction of masculinities during childhood.

Fluvial Depositional Systems of the African Humid Period: An Analog for an Early, Wet Mars in the Eastern Sahara.

A widely hypothesized but complex transition from widespread fluvial activity to predominantly aeolian processes is inferred on Mars based on remote sensing data observations of ancient landforms. However, the lack of analysis of in situ martian fluvial deposits hinders our understanding of the flow regime nature and sustainability of the martian fluvial activity and the hunt for ancient life. Studying analogs from arid zones on Earth is fundamental to quantitatively understanding geomorphic processes and climate drivers that might have dominated during early Mars.

Biomarkers in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction.

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a heterogeneous disorder developing from multiple aetiologies with overlapping pathophysiological mechanisms. HFpEF diagnosis may be challenging, as neither cardiac imaging nor physical examination are sensitive in this situation. Here, we review biomarkers of HFpEF, of which the best supported are related to myocardial stretch and injury, including natriuretic peptides and cardiac troponins.

Neurosurgery in a patient with severe hemophilia B: an experience using eftrenonacog alfa as perioperative management.

Extended half-life FIX (EHL-FIX) concentrates have been developed with the purpose of reducing the frequency of infusions in patients with severe or moderate hemophilia B. We describe the case of a 63-year-old patient with severe hemophilia B (sHB) treated with FIX-Fc fusion protein (rFIXFc) who underwent neurosurgery.

Pirfenidone for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Beyond.

Pirfenidone (PFD) slows the progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) by inhibiting the exaggerated fibrotic response and possibly through additional mechanisms, such as anti-inflammatory effects. PFD has also been evaluated in other fibrosing lung diseases. Myocardial fibrosis is a common feature of several heart diseases and the progressive deposition of extracellular matrix due to a persistent injury to cardiomyocytes may trigger a vicious cycle that leads to persistent structural and functional alterations of the myocardium.

The use of a whole inactivated PRRS virus vaccine administered in sows and impact on maternally derived immunity and timing of PRRS virus infection in piglets.

Background: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccination is usually based on administering periodically PRRS modified live virus (MLV) in sows throughout their life. Using this schedule, transfer of maternally derived antibodies to the offspring is limited. The aim of the present study was to test the concept of priming with an MLV and boosting with a commercial inactivated virus vaccine in sows to reduce PRRSV incidence and improve productivity.

Population pharmacokinetics of piperacillin in critically ill children including those undergoing continuous kidney replacement therapy.

Objectives: Despite that piperacillin-tazobactam combination is commonly used in critically ill children, increasing evidence suggests that the current dosing schedules are not optimal for these patients. The aim of this work is to develop a population pharmacokinetic model for piperacillin to evaluate the efficacy of standard dosing in children with and without continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT) and to propose alternative dosing schemes maximizing target attainment.

Methods: Four hundred twenty-nine piperacillin concentrations measured in different matrices, obtained from 32 critically ill children (19 without CKRT, 13 with CKRT) receiving 100 mg/kg of piperacillin/tazobactam every 8 hours (increased to 12 hours after the fourth dose) were modelled simultaneously using the population approach with NONMEM 7.

[Pathophysiology of septic shock].

Sepsis and septic shock result from an inadequate host response to an infection, which causes organ dysfunction. The progression of this condition is manifested by the occurrence of successive clinical stages, resulting from the systemic inflammatory response secondary to the activation of different inflammatory mediators, leading to organ dysfunction. There is a high burden of evidence on the role of endotoxin in the pathogenesis of sepsis and its crucial role in triggering the inflammatory response in sepsis caused by gram-negative bacteria.

[Optimization biomarkers in the surveillance of non muscle invasive bladder cancer.].

Introduction: Bladder cancer is thefifth most common tumor in the world. Moreover, it isone of the most expensive due to its high recurrencerate. Urinary biomarkers for surveillance of non muscleinvasive bladder cancer is a promising and growingfield due to the invasiveness of the actual methods, basedon cystoscopy and cytology.

Short-Term Changes in Left and Right Ventricular Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking Strain Following Ferric Carboxymaltose in Patients With Heart Failure: A Substudy of the Myocardial-IRON Trial.

Background The mechanisms explaining the clinical benefits of ferric carboximaltose (FCM) in patients with heart failure, reduced or intermediate left ventricular ejection fraction, and iron deficiency remain not fully clarified. The Myocardial-IRON trial showed short-term cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) changes suggesting myocardial iron repletion following administration of FCM but failed to find a significant increase in left ventricular ejection fraction in the whole sample. Conversely, the strain assessment could evaluate more specifically subtle changes in contractility.

Epigenetic regulation of inflammation by microRNAs in post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans.

Objectives: Post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PiBO) is a rare, chronic disease initiated by severe infection and followed by perpetuating inflammation and obliteration of the small airways. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been proposed to play a central role as epigenetic regulators, which control resolution and prevent the uncontrolled progress of inflammation. The aim of this study was to define biomarkers on the level of post-transcriptional gene regulation in order to characterise PiBO.

On the identity of Thymushumifususvar.aureopunctatus (Lamiaceae) and taxonomic notes on the complex.

The name Thymushumifususvar.aureopunctatus, described from Bosnia and Herzegovina, is lectotypified, and its taxonomic value is discussed. Thymusrichardiisubsp.

Serum urate as a proposed surrogate outcome measure in gout trials: From the OMERACT working group.

Serum urate (SU) is the most common primary efficacy outcome in trials of urate-lowering therapies for gout. Despite this, it is not formally considered a validated surrogate outcome. In this paper we will outline the definitions of biomarkers and surrogate outcome measures, respectively as well as the available frameworks and challenges in the assessment of the validity of serum urate as a surrogate in gout (i.

Severe imported Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children: characteristics and useful factors in the risk stratification.

Background: Severe imported pediatric malaria is of concern in non-endemic settings. We aimed to determine the features of pediatric severe cases in order to design a model able to stratify patients at presentation.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study including all imported P.

Carbonate fluxes by coccolithophore species between NW Africa and the Caribbean: Implications for the biological carbon pump.

Coccolithophores are among the most important calcifying pelagic organisms. To assess how coccolithophore species with different coccolith-carbonate mass and distinct ecological resilience to ocean warming will influence the "rain ratio" and the "biological carbon pump", 1 yr of species-specific coccolith-carbonate export fluxes were quantified using sediment traps moored at four sites between NW Africa and the Caribbean (i.e.