Which patients with negative PSMA-PET imaging can safely avoid biopsy for prostate cancer? a novel step towards PSMA-based biopsy-free strategy.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify if a subset of men can safely avoid or delay prostate biopsy based on negative results of prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA-PET).

Materials And Methods: Among 341 consecutive cases in a prospective biopsy cohort (NCT05073653), 111 treatment-naïve men with negative PSMA-PET (PRIMARY-score 1/2) were included. All participants underwent PSMA-PET and histopathological examinations.

The Genes of Nigerian Marek's Disease Virus (MDV) Field Isolates Contain Mutations Common to Both European and US High Virulence Strains.

Background: Marek's disease (MD) is a pathology affecting chickens caused by Marek's disease virus (MDV), an acute transforming alphaherpesvirus of the genus . MD is characterized by paralysis, immune suppression, and the rapid formation of T-cell (primarily CD4+) lymphomas. Over the last 50 years, losses due to MDV infection have been controlled worldwide through vaccination; however, these live-attenuated vaccines are non-sterilizing and potentially contributed to the virulence evolution of MDV field strains.

[Tc]Technetium and Rhenium Dithiocarbazate Complexes: Chemical Synthesis and Biological Assessment.

Background/objectives: Dithiocarbazates (DTCs) and their metal complexes have been studied regarding their property as anticancer activities. In this work, using S-benzyl-5-hydroxy-3-methyl-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pirazol-1-carbodithionate (Hbdtc), we prepared [ReO(bdtc)(Hbdtc)] and [[Tc]TcO(bdtc)(Hbdtc)] complexes for tumor uptake and animal biodistribution studies.

Methods: Re complex was prepared by a reaction of H2bdtc and (NBu)[ReOCl], the final product was characterized by IR, H NMR, CHN, and MS-ESI.

Exploring the Therapeutic Landscape: A Narrative Review on Topical and Oral Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitors in Dermatology.

Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) is involved in the synthesis of inflammatory cytokines that mediate several chronic inflammatory disorders, including psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. In recent years, the therapeutic armamentarium in dermatology has expanded with the introduction of PDE4 inhibitors, both in oral and topical formulations. PDE4 inhibitors have gained increasing interest due to their remarkable safety record and ease of prescription, as evidenced by the recent influx of literature detailing its off-label uses.

Alkaloid Profile, Anticholinesterase and Antioxidant Activities, and Sexual Propagation in (Amaryllidaceae).

, a recently described endemic species from southern Peru, belongs to the Amaryllidaceae family and is known for its diversity of alkaloids. Amaryllidoideae have been studied for their diverse biological activities, particularly for their properties in treating neurodegenerative diseases. This work examines the alkaloidal profile using GC-MS and UPLC-MS/MS of alkaloid-enriched extracts obtained from the leaves and bulbs of and their inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) enzymes.

Effect of Deficit Irrigation on Agronomic and Physiological Performance of Pomegranate ( L.).

Agriculture accounts for over 70% of global freshwater consumption, with increasing competition for water resources due to climate change and rising urban and industrial demands. This study analyzes the effect of deficit irrigation (DI) on the agronomic and physiological performance of pomegranate ( L.) in a Mediterranean climate.

Psychoneurological Links Contributing to Body Mass Index and Eating Disorder Severity.

Background-objectives: Multiple dynamic interacting factors contribute to the presence and progression of eating disorders (ED). Empirical research has provided mixed findings regarding the mechanisms explaining the contribution of body mass index (BMI) to the diverse ED endophenotypes. The present study aims to evaluate the underlying processes (direct and indirect effects) contributing to BMI and ED severity, considering the contribution of multiple neuropsychological constructs.

Efficacy of -Acetylcysteine in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects women of reproductive age and requires better treatment. -acetylcysteine (NAC) is known to be beneficial under such conditions owing to its antioxidant potential and insulin-sensitizing properties. The effect of NAC on the reproductive outcomes of PCOS patients was examined in this meta-analysis.

Effect of a Novel Food Rich in Miraculin on the Intestinal Microbiome of Malnourished Patients with Cancer and Dysgeusia.

Background/objectives: Dysgeusia contributes to malnutrition and worsens the quality of life of patients with cancer. Despite the different strategies, there is no effective treatment for patients suffering from taste disorders provided by the pharmaceutical industry. Therefore, we developed a novel strategy for reducing side effects in cancer patients by providing a novel food supplement with the taste-modifying glycoprotein miraculin, which is approved by the European Union, as an adjuvant to medical-nutritional therapy.

Vitamin D Supplementation Is Associated with Inflammation Amelioration and Cognitive Improvement in Decompensated Patients with Cirrhosis.

Decompensated cirrhosis is characterized by systemic inflammation and innate and adaptive immune dysfunction. Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a prevalent and debilitating condition characterized by cognitive disturbances in which ammonia and inflammation play a synergistic pathogenic role. Extraskeletal functions of vitamin D include immunomodulation, and its deficiency has been implicated in immune dysfunction and different forms of cognitive impairment.

Electrochemical Switching of Laser-Induced Graphene/Polymer Composites for Tunable Electronics.

Laser reduction of graphene oxide (GO) is a promising approach for achieving flexible, robust, and electrically conductive graphene/polymer composites. Resulting composite materials show significant technological potential for energy storage, sensing, and bioelectronics. However, in the case of insulating polymers, the properties of electrodes show severely limited performance.

The Role of Light Irradiation and Dendrimer Generation in Directing Electrostatic Self-Assembly.

pH-responsive polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers are used as well-defined building blocks to design light-switchable nano-assemblies in solution. The complex interplay between the photoresponsive di-anionic azo dye Acid Yellow 38 (AY38) and the cationic PAMAM dendrimers of different generations is presented in this study. Electrostatic self-assembly involving secondary dipole-dipole interactions provides well-defined assemblies within a broad size range (10 nm-1 μm) with various shapes.

Cytotoxic Activity of Bisphosphonic Derivatives Obtained by the Michaelis-Arbuzov or the Pudovik Reaction.

Methylenebisphosphonic derivatives including hydroxy-methylenebisphosphonic species may be of potential biological activity, and a part of them is used in the treatment of bone diseases. Methylenebisphosphonates may be obtained by the Michaelis-Arbuzov reaction of suitably α-substituted methylphosphonates and trialkyl phosphites or phosphinous esters, while the hydroxy-methylene variations are prepared by the Pudovik reaction of α-oxophosphonates and different >P(O)H reagents, such as diethyl phosphite and diarylphosphine oxides. After converting α-hydroxy-benzylphosphonates and -phosphine oxides to the α-halogeno- and α-sulfonyloxy derivatives, they were utilized in the Michaelis-Arbuzov reaction with trialkyl phosphites and ethyl diphenylphosphinite to afford the corresponding bisphosphonate, bis(phosphine oxide) and phosphonate-phosphine oxide derivatives.

Identification of a New Pentafluorosulfanyl-Substituted Chalcone with Activity Against Hepatoma and Human Parasites.

Background/objectives: New drugs are required for the treatment of liver cancers and protozoal parasite infections. Analogs of the known anticancer active and antileishmanial 2',4',6'-trimethoxychalcone SU086 were prepared and investigated.

Methods: The chalcones were prepared according to the Claisen-Schmidt condensation protocol and analyzed.

Tiny Machine Learning Implementation for Guided Wave-Based Damage Localization.

This work leverages ultrasonic guided waves (UGWs) to detect and localize damage in structures using lightweight Artificial Intelligence (AI) models. It investigates the use of machine learning (ML) to train the effects of the damage on UGWs to the model. To reduce the number of trainable parameters, a physical signal processing approach is applied to the raw data before passing the data to the model.

A Measurement Approach for Characterizing Temperature-Related Emissivity Variability in High-Emissivity Materials.

The effective knowledge of emissivity is pivotal to obtain reliable temperature measurements through non-contact techniques like pyrometry and thermal imaging. This is fundamental in high-temperature applications since material emissivity strongly depends on temperature conditions. Given the recent attention in high-temperature applications, especially for replacing fossil-fuel-dependent heating with greener solutions in energy-intensive processes, renewed interest in characterizing materials radiant properties rose.

An Over-Actuated Hexacopter Tilt-Rotor UAV Prototype for Agriculture of Precision: Modeling and Control.

This paper focuses on the modeling, control, and simulation of an over-actuated hexacopter tilt-rotor (HTR). This configuration implies that two of the six actuators are independently tilted using servomotors, which provide high maneuverability and reliability. This approach is predicted to maintain zero pitch throughout the trajectory and is expected to improve the aircraft's steering accuracy.

Fault Detection in Induction Machines Using Learning Models and Fourier Spectrum Image Analysis.

Induction motors are essential components in industry due to their efficiency and cost-effectiveness. This study presents an innovative methodology for automatic fault detection by analyzing images generated from the Fourier spectra of current signals using deep learning techniques. A new preprocessing technique incorporating a distinctive background to enhance spectral feature learning is proposed, enabling the detection of four types of faults: healthy motor coupled to a generator with a broken bar (HGB), broken rotor bar (BRB), race bearing fault (RBF), and bearing ball fault (BBF).

Graphene/TiO Heterostructure Integrated with a Micro-Lightplate for Low-Power NO Gas Detection.

Low-power gas sensors that can be used in IoT (Internet of Things) systems, consumer devices, and point-of-care devices will enable new applications in environmental monitoring and health protection. We fabricated a monolithic chemiresistive gas sensor by integrating a micro-lightplate with a 2D sensing material composed of single-layer graphene and monolayer-thick TiO. Applying ultraviolet (380 nm) light with quantum energy above the TiO bandgap effectively enhanced the sensor responses.

Piezoresistive Cantilever Microprobe with Integrated Actuator for Contact Resonance Imaging.

A novel piezoresistive cantilever microprobe (PCM) with an integrated electrothermal or piezoelectric actuator has been designed to replace current commercial PCMs, which require external actuators to perform contact-resonance imaging (CRI) of workpieces and avoid unwanted "forest of peaks" observed at large travel speed in the millimeter-per-second range. Initially, a PCM with integrated resistors for electrothermal actuation (ETA) was designed, built, and tested. Here, the ETA can be performed with a piezoresistive Wheatstone bridge, which converts mechanical strain into electrical signals by boron diffusion in order to simplify the production process.

Effects of Spinal Cord Stimulation in Patients with Small Fiber and Associated Comorbidities from Neuropathy After Multiple Etiologies.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) on pain, neuropathic symptoms, and other health-related metrics in patients with chronic painful peripheral neuropathy (PN) from multiple etiologies. A prospective single center observational longitudinal cohort study assessed SCS efficacy from April 2023 to May 2024, with follow-ups at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months in 19 patients suffering from the painful polyneuropathy of diverse etiologies: diabetic (DPN), idiopathic (CIAP), chemotherapy-induced (CIPN), and others. Patients were implanted with a neurostimulator (WaveWriter Alpha, Boston Scientific Corporation, Valencia, CA, USA) and percutaneous leads targeting the lower limbs (T10-T11) and, if necessary, the upper limbs (C4-C7).

Comparison of COVID-19 and Non-COVID-19 Tracheostomised Patients: Complications, Survival, and Mortality Risk Factors.

To compare the outcomes of tracheostomised COVID-19 patients with non-COVID-19 tracheostomised patients to identify factors influencing severity and mortality. A retrospective, single-centre cohort study was conducted on COVID-19 tracheostomised patients admitted from May 2020 to February 2022, compared with a cohort of non-COVID-19 tracheostomised patients. COVID-19 tracheostomised patients had a higher mortality rate (50% vs.

Pain Decrement Using Radiofrequency Therapy After Knee Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections Within First 72 h in Active Populations with Patellar Chondropathy.

To determine whether 448 kHz capacitive-resistive monopolar radiofrequency (CRMR) after platelet-rich-plasma (PRP) injections can further reduce pain sensation within the first 72 h in an active population with patellar chondropathy. One-hundred fifty-three active patients with patellar chondropathy grade II-III were followed for three days after PRP injections with and without CRMR under a control-placebo study. They were clinically evaluated for pain sensation using a visual analog scale ranging from zero (no pain sensation) to ten (highest pain sensation).

Changes in the Microcirculation and Physiologic Perfusion Dynamics of Free DIEP Flaps in the First 72 h After Breast Reconstruction.

The autologous reconstruction of the female breast using a microsurgical DIEP flap is a reliable and safe method. To detect impairments early and preserve the microvascular flap through timely revision, a better understanding of physiologic perfusion dynamics is necessary. This exploratory study examines changes in microcirculation in free DIEP flaps within the first 72 h after vascular anastomosis using laser Doppler flowmetry and white-light spectrophotometry.

Preventive Effects of Botulinum Neurotoxin Long-Term Therapy: Comparison of the 'Experienced' Benefits and 'Suspected' Worsening Across Disease Entities.

Repetitive intramuscular injections of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) have become the treatment of choice for a variety of disease entities. But with the onset of BoNT therapy, the natural course of a disease is obscured. Nevertheless, the present study tries to analyze patients' "suspected" course of disease severity under the assumption that no BoNT therapy had been performed and compares that with the "experienced" improvement during BoNT treatment.