The Effectiveness of Right- vs Left-lateral Starting Position in Unsedated Diagnostic Colonoscopy with Modified-water Immersion Method: A Randomized Controlled Trial Study.

Objective: A colonoscopy study in sedated patients with air insufflation showed that right-lateral starting position (RLP) improved abdominal discomfort and reduced cecal intubation time. The aim of this study was to determine if RLP vs left-lateral starting position (LLP) may produce similar results in unsedated patients examined with a modified-water immersion (m-WI) method.

Methods: Consecutive patients for diagnostic colonoscopy meeting the inclusion criteria were randomized.

COVID-19 vaccine research and development: ethical issues.

The achievements of vaccine research and development bring a hope to our societies that we may cope with the COVID-19 pandemic. There are two aspects that should be maintained in balance: the immediate necessity for speed of vaccine research and the inherent need for protection of research subjects, which is the foremost concern of research ethics. This narrative review highlights ethical issues in COVID-19 vaccine research and development that every stakeholder needs to be aware of and to consider.

The Effect of Prechemotherapy Education Using Audio Visual Methods on the Distress of Patients with Cancer.

Chemotherapy is a commonly used cancer treatment. However, it causes physical side effects and psychological side effects such as distress. Providing prechemotherapy education using audiovisual methods can reduce distress, but not all research about the use of educational videos have the same conclusions.

Changes of lactate dehydrogenase in corneal edema after cataract surgery treated with trans-corneal oxygenation therapy.

Aim: To investigate the changes in levels of the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme in corneal edema after cataract surgery with trans-corneal oxygenation therapy.

Methods: This pre-post design study design conducted on 15 patients with corneal edema after cataract surgery and receiving trans-corneal oxygenation therapy. Tear sample (using Schirmer paper, from the inferior fornix of the conjunctiva) was carried out prior to trans-corneal oxygenation therapy, on the day 2 (D2) and day 5 (D5) postoperatively before and after trans-corneal oxygenation therapy.

BCR-ABL Gene Transcript Types of Patients with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was analyzing the BCR-ABL transcript types of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in Dr Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This study is very relevant because the data concerning BCR-ABL gene transcript types is very limited in Indonesia. Furthermore, it is important for patient's management, particularly in defining the tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) therapy and monitoring after therapy.

Factors that Affected Women Undergoing Cryotherapy Following Cancer Screening with Visual Inspection of the Cervix Using Acetic Acid Method.

Background: The Indonesian government has applied the cancer "see and treat" method which involves a visual inspection using acetic acid (VIA), followed by a cryotherapy procedure, to reduce the incidence of cervical cancer. However, compliance with the program is still low in the targeted population. This study aims to see what factors influence women to receive cryotherapy treatment if they have positive VIA result.

Primary rhabdoid epithelioid sarcoma of the left thigh mimicking epithelioid rhabdomyosarcoma: A diagnostic pitfall.

Introduction: Epithelioid sarcoma (ES) is a rare mesenchymal tumor, accounting for less than 1% of all adult soft-tissue sarcomas. The diagnosis of such malignancy is challenging. We reported a 31-year-old male diagnosed with rhabdoid ES that histologically mimicked epithelioid rhabdomyosarcoma in a 31-year-old male.

Tamsulosin and Sodium Diclofenac as an Effective Therapy to Reduce Pain After Ureteral Stent Removal: A Prospective, Double Blinded Randomized Placebo Controlled Trial.

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the effects of tamsulosin and diclofenac sodium use on patients' pain perception after ureteral stents removal.

Materials And Methods: This study was a randomized control trial with double-blinded design. Eighty patients who underwent ureteral stent removal surgery at Kardinah Hospital during January to March 2017 were divided into four groups.

Impressive Response to Capecitabine in a Patient with Obstructive Jaundice due to Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Background: Metastatic breast cancer with obstructive jaundice due to para-aortic lymph node enlargement is an unusual case that poses a therapeutic challenge in determining a chemotherapy regimen.

Case Report: A 61-year-old woman presented with triple-negative left invasive ductal breast carcinoma with liver and pulmonary metastases. After receiving gemcitabine and carboplatin as the 4th-line treatment, chemotherapy was postponed due to an increased bilirubin level.

The estimated healthcare cost of diabetic retinopathy in Indonesia and its projection for 2025.

Purpose: To estimate the total healthcare cost associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetes in Indonesia and its projection for 2025.

Methods: A prevalence-based cost-of-illness model was constructed from previous population-based DR study. Projection for 2025 was derived from estimated diabetes population in 2025.

Age at diagnosis predicted survival outcome of female patients with breast cancer at a tertiary hospital in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in Indonesia. Patients' survival depends on various factors, namely patient-, tumor-, and treatment-related factors. Survival analysis on Indonesian patients has only been reported in a few studies.

Neurofibromatosis type 2 gene mutation and progesterone receptor messenger RNA expression in the pathogenesis of sporadic orbitocranial meningioma.

Aim: To investigate neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) gene mutation at mRNA levels in sporadic orbitocranial meningioma and its association with progesterone receptor (PR) mRNA expression.

Methods: This was a case-control study. Thirty-four sporadic meningioma patients with no familial NF2-related meningioma history were recruited.

The Correlation Between Length of Work and Nasal Mucociliary Transport Time of Gas/Fuel Station Workers.

Gasoline contains toxic substances such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene (BTEX) that negatively influence gas/fuel station workers' health via continuous inhalation, causing loss of cilia and epithelial cell necrosis of the nasal mucosa. The aim of this study is to determine the correlation between length of work with nasal mucociliary transport time (NMCTT) of the gas/fuel station workers This study used a cross sectional design. The data were obtained from anamnesis, physical and NMCTT examinations of gas station workers in Yogyakarta, during November 2013.

Changes in interleukin-6 tear concentration and clinical outcome in moderate-to-severe bacterial corneal ulcers after corneal collagen cross-linking.

We aimed to evaluate interleukin-6 (IL-6) tear concentration and clinical outcome in patients with moderate-to-severe bacterial corneal ulcers post corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) therapy. This pre-post designed study involving 21 moderate-to-severe corneal ulcer patients who underwent CXL therapy. Patients with infectious corneal ulcer were given CXL therapy as adjunctive treatment after 5d of broadspectrum antibiotic treatment.

Stem cells for lupus nephritis: a concise review of current knowledge.

Lupus nephritis (LN), a common manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), accounts for significant morbidity and mortality in SLE patients. Since the available standard therapies and biologic agents for LN are yet to achieve the desired response and have considerable secondary effects, stem cell therapy has now emerged as a new approach. This therapy involves the transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).

Clinicopathologic Significance of CXCL12 and CXCR4 Expressions in Patients with Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is both a global and national burden, being the third most common malignancy in men and the second in women, worldwide. The prognosis of CRC is affected by various factors like the histological grade, angiolymphatic invasion, and distant metastases. Metastasis is an intricate process; one of the possible mechanisms is through the interaction of the chemokines CXCL12 and CXCR4.

Retinal Arteriolar Narrowing in Young Adults With Glaucomatous Optic Disc.

Purpose: Glaucomatous optic disc (GOD) might represent various subclinical processes. However, whether the presence of GOD is related to vascular processes is less clear. This study aimed to assess the retinal vessel diameter, as surrogate markers of vascular regulation, in healthy young adults with GOD compared with normal.

Efficacy of Hepatitis B Vaccination among Children in Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia: Evaluation of Humoral and Cellular Immunity.

Hepatitis B remains a global burden, with estimated 15 to 40 percents of infected individuals eventually suffer from liver cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Vaccination aims to form anti-HBs antibody with protective titer to prevent infection. CD4 T cell lymphocytes are known to play a major role in establishing immunity after vaccination.

The prevalence of uncorrected refractive error in urban, suburban, exurban and rural primary school children in Indonesian population.

Uncorrected refractive error (URE) is a major health problem among school children. This study was aimed to determine the frequency and patterns of URE across 4 gradients of residential densities (urban, exurban, suburban and rural). This was a cross-sectional study of school children from 3 districts in Yogyakarta and 1 district near Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

DC-SIGN (CD209) Carbohydrate Recognition Domain Is Not Polymorphic in Dengue Virus-Infected Indonesian Patients.

Dengue virus (DENV) infection is a significant burden in Indonesia and other tropical countries. DENV infection has a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, i.e.

Therapeutic implications of Epstein-Barr virus infection for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is highly endemic in certain regions including the People's Republic of China and Southeast Asia. Its etiology is unique and multifactorial, involving genetic background, epigenetic, and environment factors, including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. The presence of EBV in all tumor cells, aberrant pattern of antibodies against EBV antigens in patient sera, and elevated viral DNA in patient circulation as well as nasopharyngeal site underline the role of EBV during NPC development.