Trigeminal neuralgia secondary to minor size lesion, anatomical considerations and pathophysiology.

Trigeminal neuralgia is a well-characterized disorder of high prevalence among the current population. It may be caused, among many other causes, by a tumor which contacts with the trigeminal nerve, often of large volume. We present the case of a middle-aged woman without any remarkable medical background who suffered a trigeminal neuralgia caused by a subcentimeter tumor which appeared to be a meningioma.

Combined Strategy Using High Hydrostatic Pressure, Temperature and Enzymatic Hydrolysis for Development of Fibre-Rich Ingredients from Oat and Wheat By-Products.

Wheat bran (WB) and oat hull (OH) are two interesting undervalued cereal processing sources rich in total dietary fibre (TDF) and other associated bioactive compounds, such as β-glucans and polyphenols. The aim of this study was to optimise a combination chemical (enzymes) and physical (high hydrostatic pressure-temperature) strategies to increase the bioaccessibility of bioactive compounds naturally bound to the bran and hull outer layers. WB and OH were hydrolysed using food-grade enzymes (UltraFloXL and Viscoferm, for WB and OH, respectively) in combination with HPP at different temperatures (40, 50, 60 and 70 °C) and hydrolysis either before or after HPP.

Frailty and Hospitalization Burden in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure.

Frailty is associated with increased mortality and hospitalizations in patients with heart failure (HF). However, there is little evidence regarding the burden of morbidity. In this study, we aimed to assess the association between frailty and recurrent all-cause HF hospitalizations in patients with stable chronic HF.

Novel Therapies for Cardiometabolic Disease: Recent Findings in Studies with Hormone Peptide-Derived G Protein Coupled Receptor Agonists.

The increasing prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is provoking an important socioeconomic burden mainly in the form of cardiovascular disease (CVD). One successful strategy is the so-called metabolic surgery whose beneficial effects are beyond dietary restrictions and weight loss. One key underlying mechanism behind this surgery is the cooperative improved action of the preproglucagon-derived hormones, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) which exert their functions through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR).

Sprouting and Hydrolysis as Biotechnological Tools for Development of Nutraceutical Ingredients from Oat Grain and Hull.

Oat consumption has increased during the last decade because of the health benefits associated with its soluble dietary fiber (β-glucan), functional proteins, lipids, and the presence of specific phytochemicals, such as avenanthramides. Oat is consumed mainly as whole grain, and the hull (seed coat), comprising 25-35% of the entire grain, is removed, generating a large amount of waste/by-product from the milling industry. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of biotechnological strategies, such as sprouting for oat grain (OG) and hydrolysis for oat hull (OH), to enhance antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and lower the glycemic index (GI).

Impact of Protein Content on the Antioxidants, Anti-Inflammatory Properties and Glycemic Index of Wheat and Wheat Bran.

Conventional wheat milling generates important volumes of wheat bran (WB), which is a concentrated source of polyphenols and insoluble fiber. In terms of health benefits and based on epidemiological and experimental evidence, these compounds contribute to reducing the risk of certain chronic pathologies. Protein concentration is the main quality factor conditioning wheat use in the agroindustry.

Concordance and survival implications of preoperative subclassification of T3 rectal cancers by depth of mesorectal invasion using a 5-mm cut-off point with endorectal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Validated rectal cancer staging groups T3 tumours in a single stage and depth of mesorectal invasion subclassification is not standard practice. Our aim is to report concordance between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and endorectal ultrasound (ERUS) for preoperative staging of T3 rectal tumours using a 5-mm cut-off point and possible survival implications.

Methods: Prospective cohort study including patients staged preoperatively as cT3 by ERUS or magnetic resonance imaging.

Ultrasound examination of the cervix for predicting labor induction success: failed validation in a routine clinical setting of a successful previous pilot study.

Background: Induction of labor (IL) involves an overload of work in hospitals, as well as increased intervention. Traditionally, the Bishop score (BS) has been used to predict the outcome of a IL, but there is a growing interest in studying the predictive capacity of ultrasound variables.

Objective: Validate a pilot predictive model performed by a single observer (Alvarez-Colomo C), based on clinical parameters and ultrasound parameters, that showed a significant association with the IL result, obtaining a correct prediction of vaginal delivery in 82.

Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in elderly patients. A systematic literature review.

The objective of this review was to evaluate morbidity, mortality and survival outcomes of elderly patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis. A systematic literature search and standardized data collection of primary research publications until June 2016 on morbidity, mortality and survival outcomes in adults aged 65 and older with peritoneal carcinomatosis treated with cytoreduction and HIPEC was performed, using PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov and Cochrane.

Anti-JC virus seroprevalence in a Spanish multiple sclerosis cohort: JC virus seroprevalence in Spain.

Objective: To estimate the seroprevalence of anti-JCV antibodies, seroconverting rates and evolution of antibody levels in a multiple sclerosis (MS) Spanish cohort.

Methods: Multicenter, retrospective cross-sectional and longitudinal study. The JCV seroprevalence was analyzed in 711 MS patients by using 1st (STRATIFY-1) and 2nd generation (STRATIFY-2) two-step ELISA over 2.

The utility of faecal calprotectin to predict post-operative recurrence in Crohńs disease.

Objective: Endoscopic recurrence in Crohńs disease occurs in up to 80% of patients during the first year after surgery. Due to this, these patients need close monitoring. Faecal calprotectin has been proposed to be used as a non-invasive marker to monitor inflammatory activity.

Redox signaling in acute pancreatitis.

Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory process of the pancreatic gland that eventually may lead to a severe systemic inflammatory response. A key event in pancreatic damage is the intracellular activation of NF-κB and zymogens, involving also calcium, cathepsins, pH disorders, autophagy, and cell death, particularly necrosis. This review focuses on the new role of redox signaling in acute pancreatitis.

Rhabdomyosarcoma metastatic paratesticular.

Objectives: To report one case of metastatic paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma in a 14 years old patient, classified as stage IIb (IRSG).

Methods: After treatment with radical surgery (orchiectomy and lymphadenectomy), polychemotherapy and radiotherapy, showed good evolution initially.

Results: 12 months after surgery the patient is disease free.

Sustained benefit of left ventricular remodelling after valve replacement for aortic stenosis.

Background: Valve replacement for aortic stenosis (AS) determines negative ventricular remodelling. We used cross sectional and Doppler echocardiography to check how rapidly it occurs and to assess if these changes are sustained over time.

Methods: We evaluated in 34 patients subjected to aortic valve replacement for AS morphological and functional (ejection fraction and E:A ratio) left ventricular data by echocardiography prior to surgery and 2 postoperative studies: early after surgery (pQ1) and at mid-term evolution (pQ2).

Rationale, design, and methods for the early surgery in infective endocarditis study (ENDOVAL 1): a multicenter, prospective, randomized trial comparing the state-of-the-art therapeutic strategy versus early surgery strategy in infective endocarditis.

Background: The prognosis of infective endocarditis is poor and has remained steady over the last 4 decades. Several nonrandomized studies suggest that early surgery could improve prognosis.

Methods: ENDOVAL 1 is a multicenter, prospective, randomized study designed to compare the state-of-the-art therapeutic strategy (advised by the international societies in their guidelines) with the early-surgery strategy in high-risk patients with infective endocarditis.

Barrett's esophagus, markers to distinguish risk groups.

Background: As compared to the general population, patients with Barrett's esophagus (BE) present a 30 to 40 times higher risk of developing cancer. Their prognosis is poor and it will only be changed trying to recognize and detect preneoplastic changes early in order to provide these patients with an effective surgical therapy. Although epithelial dysplasia is still the "gold standard" as a marker of increased risk for malignancy, in view of the inter and intraobserver differences for interpreting it, both as regards its existence and grade, we have investigated other markers which can show this increased cancer risk.

Clinical and morphological study of hepatocellular carcinoma associated with liver cirrhosis.

We studied 104 patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma on the basis of pathological findings, in order to establish differences between patients with and without liver cirrhosis in addition to carcinoma. Among the former we also tried to identify differences between patients with previously diagnosed cirrhosis and those in whom cirrhosis was diagnosed at the same time as carcinoma. No significant differences were observed between patients in whom cirrhosis was diagnosed before or at the same time as carcinoma in relation to age, sex, etiologic factors or Child-Pugh grade.