Laboratory practices for the diagnosis and management of mucormycosis in France, 2024.

This study investigates the diagnostic practices for mucormycosis among 30 French University Hospital mycology laboratories, in 2024. All laboratories perform both direct examination and culture, with fluorescent brighteners being the most commonly used method for direct examination. While 77 % of the participating laboratories routinely identify Mucorales to the species level, with 70 % having adopted Mucorales-specific quantitative PCR, primarily for the diagnosis of invasive fungal infections.

Mannitol for bowel preparation: Efficacy and safety results from the SATISFACTION randomised clinical trial.

Background: Bowel preparation represents a significant issue to high-quality colonoscopy. Oral mannitol requires a single dose, is of low volume, and has a pleasant taste and rapid action.

Aims: This SATISFACTION study compared single-dose (same day) oral mannitol 100 g/750 mL with standard split-dose PEG-ASC2 L (MoviPrep®).

Experience of neurofeedback and methylphenidate in children with ADHD.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. ADHD is commonly treated with medication, such as methylphenidate, but some families and practitioners prefer psychosocial interventions as first line treatments. Many studies have investigated neurofeedback as a potential non-pharmacological treatment for ADHD yielding contradictory findings regarding its efficiency.

[Evaluate the host cellular immune response to better prevent and diagnose viral infections].

In medicine, virological diagnosis is mainly based on the detection of the viral genome and antigens, or on the identification of specific antibodies produced in response to infection. These strategies are suitable for characterizing an active infection or past contact with an already known virus. The recent development of tests for evaluating the host's cellular immune response opens new perspectives for personalized patient care based on immunomonitoring.

Archetypal Analysis of Kidney Allograft Biopsies Using Next-generation Sequencing Technology.

Background: In kidney transplantation, molecular diagnostics may be a valuable approach to improve the precision of the diagnosis. Using next-generation sequencing (NGS), we aimed to identify clinically relevant archetypes.

Methods: We conducted an Illumina bulk RNA sequencing on 770 kidney biopsies (540 kidney recipients) collected between 2006 and 2021 from 11 European centers.

The RNA Binding Protein Tristetraprolin Contributes to mRNA Stability in Cystic Fibrosis.

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is the most common inherited disorder and is characterized by an inflammatory phenotype. Here, we found that in bronchial epithelium reconstituted form lung tissue biopsies from patients with CF, the RNA-binding protein tristetraprolin (TTP), a key regulator of inflammation, is dysregulated in cells that strongly express cytokines and interleukins. TTP activity is regulated by extensive post-translational modifications, particularly phosphorylation.

[Complications of varicose disease].

COMPLICATIONS DE LA MALADIE VARIQUEUSE. La maladie variqueuse est souvent considérée, à tort, comme une pathologie benigne. Les troubles trophiques représentent 10 % des complications de la maladie variqueuse et, dans 1 % des cas, un ulcère de jambe peut apparaître.

Assessment of Surgical Competences for Neck Dissection and Total Laryngectomy on Revascularized Cadaver Models: Onco-Neck-Score and Onco-Larynx-Score.

Background: In surgical simulation, evaluation tools are necessary to allow the overall and specific level of each gesture to be assessed for learners, to allow active feedback and follow-up. The aim of this study was to create and validate a scale for the assessment of competences for neck dissection (ND) and total laryngectomy (TL) in head and neck surgical oncology simulation specific for revascularized cadavers' models.

Methods: Two independent scales were created for ND and TL based on a two-round Delphi method.

LocoMMotion: a study of real-life current standards of care in triple-class exposed patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma - 2-year follow-up (final analysis).

Treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) is challenging as patients exhaust all available therapies and the disease becomes refractory to standard drug classes. Here we report the final results of LocoMMotion, the first prospective study of real-world clinical practice (RWCP) in triple-class exposed (TCE) patients with RRMM, with a median follow-up of 26.4 months (range, 0.

Comparative early effectiveness across 14 PsA drugs and 5 classes of PsA treatment: 3-month results from the PRO-SPIRIT study.

Background: The psoriatic arthritis (PsA) Observational Study of Persistence of Treatment (PRO-SPIRIT) assesses effectiveness and persistence of real-world PsA treatments. Ixekizumab (IXE) is an interleukin (IL)-17A inhibitor (i) (IL-17Ai), approved for the treatment of adult PsA.

Methods: The aim of this predefined interim analysis was to report baseline characteristics along with early (3-month) descriptive and comparative real-world effectiveness in patients with PsA prescribed with advanced treatment including IL-17Ai; IXE or secukinumab (SEC), IL-12/23i, IL-23i, tumour necrosis factor (TNFi) or Janus kinase (JAKi).

Radiofrequency Lesion in the Atrial Wall: How Variable Is It? 9.4 Tesla MRI Analysis of Radiofrequency Lesion Volume in a Swine Model.

: Most data on radiofrequency (RF) effects come from ex vivo or in vitro studies that quantify lesions using width and/or depth, while electrophysiologists use manufacturers' indirect indices. The objective of this study was to evaluate RF lesion volume by high-resolution MRI of excised lesions in an in vivo porcine model, comparing a low-energy long-duration (LE) (20 W, 50 s) RF application strategy with a high-energy short-duration (HE) (50 W, 20 s) one. : Eighteen piglets were divided into LE (n = 9) and HE groups (n = 9).

Choroid plexus enlargement correlates with periventricular pathology but not with disease activity in radiologically isolated syndrome.

Background: Choroid plexus (ChP) enlargement is an emerging radiological biomarker in multiple sclerosis (MS).

Objectives: This study aims to assess ChP volume in a large cohort of patients with radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) versus healthy controls (HC) and explore its relationship with other brain volumes, disease activity, and biological markers.

Methods: RIS individuals were included retrospectively and compared with HC.

Cangrelor for emergent carotid stenting during stroke thrombectomy: a comparative analysis versus glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors or aspirin monotherapy.

Background: Periprocedural antiplatelet treatment is a key determinant for the risk-benefit balance of emergent carotid artery stenting (eCAS) during stroke endovascular treatment (EVT). We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy profile of cangrelor compared with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/IIIa) inhibitors or aspirin monotherapy.

Methods: Data were extracted from the Endovascular Treatment in Ischemic Stroke (ETIS) registry, a prospective nationwide observational registry of stroke EVT in France.

Impact of COVID-19 infection on lung function and nutritional status amongst individuals with cystic fibrosis: A global cohort study.

Background: Factors associated with severe COVID-19 infection have been identified; however, the impact of infection on longer-term outcomes is unclear. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of COVID-19 infection on the trajectory of lung function and nutritional status in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF).

Methods: This is a retrospective global cohort study of pwCF who had confirmed COVID-19 infection diagnosed between January 1, 2020 and December 31, 2021.

Safety and tolerability of immune checkpoint inhibitors in people with HIV infection and cancer: insights from the national prospective real-world OncoVIHAC ANRS CO24 cohort study.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been a major advance in cancer management. However, we still lack prospective real-world data regarding their usage in people with HIV infection (PWH).

Methods: The ANRS CO24 OncoVIHAC study (NCT03354936) is an ongoing prospective observational cohort study in France of PWH with cancer treated with ICI.

The endolysosomal system in conventional and unconventional protein secretion.

Most secreted proteins are transported through the "conventional" endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi apparatus exocytic route for their delivery to the cell surface and release into the extracellular space. Nonetheless, formative discoveries have underscored the existence of alternative or "unconventional" secretory routes, which play a crucial role in exporting a diverse array of cytosolic proteins outside the cell in response to intrinsic demands, external cues, and environmental changes. In this context, lysosomes emerge as dynamic organelles positioned at the crossroads of multiple intracellular trafficking pathways, endowed with the capacity to fuse with the plasma membrane and recognized for their key role in both conventional and unconventional protein secretion.