PAI-BEL: a Belgian multicentre survey of primary adrenal insufficiency.

Objective: Primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) is a rare disease with an increasing prevalence, which may be complicated by life-threatening adrenal crisis (AC). Good quality epidemiological data remain scarce. We performed a Belgian survey to describe the aetiology, clinical characteristics, treatment regimens, comorbidities and frequency of AC in PAI.

Left atrial calcifications: computed tomographic imaging findings of an unusual sign of rheumatic heart disease.

Left atrial wall calcifications are an extremely rare finding of unknown cause usually associated with rheumatic disease. Only a few case reports of this entity are found in the literature, mostly describing the findings on conventional chest radiography, echocardiography, and angiography. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case documented with multislice computed tomography.

Tumors and tumor-like lesions of the jaw mixed and radiopaque lesions.

Radiopaque lesions and lesions of mixed radioopacity are far less frequent than their radiolucent counterparts. Included in this spectrum are infectious and metastatic disease, inherited and developmental disorders and rare tumoral lesions. This article deals with the imaging features that may assist in the (differential) diagnosis of these lesions.

Tumors and tumor-like lesions of the jaw: radiolucent lesions.

Radiolucent lesions within the jaws represent a whole variety of lesions. Generally, they can be classified into two categories. The first category comprises well circumscribed lesions, either unilocular, multilobular or multilocular.

Imaging approach for differential diagnosis of jaw lesions: a quick reference guide.

The radiologists will be frequently consulted to evaluate a variety of maxillomandibular lesions or may incidentally encounter these lesions on routine plain films, computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) studies. This article provides the reader a diagnostic approach pattern when confronted with an unknown jaw lesion. The radiologic analysis for differential diagnosis primarily depends on specific cardinal and additional radiographic criteria on plain film studies.

The role of dental CT imaging in dental implantology.

The jaw has traditionally been evaluated by dentists and oral surgeons using conventional panoramic and intraoral films. During the past decade, dental computed tomography (CT) has become the method of choice for preimplantation assessment of jaw anatomy. This has urged the radiologist to take a more active role in evaluating the jaw.

Conventional dental radiology: what the general radiologist needs to know.

This article aims to provide an overview of intraoral and orthopantomographic radiographs, including technique, indications, artefacts, relevant anatomy, current notation and common dental pathology. The normal anatomy is emphasised, because it is required for effective radiographic interpretation. Dental pathology, i.

Paraperitoneal indirect inguinal bladder hernia: MR demonstration.

Inguinal or inguinoscrotal herniation of the bladder is not uncommon and has been estimated to comprise 1% to 3% of all inguinal hernias. The appearance of hernias on ultrasonography, intravenous pyelography, cystography, and computed tomography has been described previously but no instance of correlation with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has been documented. Nevertheless, herniated bladders can be encountered fortuitously during abdominal MR imaging, and the radiologist should be familiar with their appearance.

Accessory navicular bone: not such a normal variant.

The accessory navicular is often erroneously considered as a normal anatomic and roentgenographic variant. Three distinct types of accessory navicular bones have been described. The type 2 and 3 variants have been associated with pathologic conditions such as posterior tibial tendon tear and painful navicular syndrome and therefore should not be arbitrarily dismissed as a roentgenologic variant in a symptomatic patient.

Soft tissue aneurysmal bone cyst.

A soft tissue aneurysmal bone cyst located in the right gluteus medius of a 21-year-old man is reported. On conventional radiography, the lesion demonstrated a spherically trabeculated mass with a calcific rim. On CT scan, it showed a well-organized peripheral calcification resembling a myositis ossificans.

Imaging findings in diffuse axonal injury after closed head trauma.

Even in patients with closed head trauma, brain parenchyma can be severely injured due to disruption of axonal fibers by shearing forces during acceleration, deceleration, and rotation of the head. In this article we review the spectrum of imaging findings in patients with diffuse axonal injuries (DAI) after closed head trauma. Knowledge of the location and imaging characteristics of DAI is important to radiologists for detection and diagnosis.

MR of the brain in Sjögren-Larsson syndrome.

Cerebral MR was performed in three patients with Sjögren-Larsson syndrome. In each case, a 1.5-T system was used, and the patient was under general anesthesia.

Understanding chemical shift induced boundary artefacts as a function of field strength: influence of imaging parameters (bandwidth, field-of-view, and matrix size).

Objective: To study the importance of chemical shift induced boundary artefact (CSA) at different field strengths and the implications for pulse sequence design with respect to receiver bandwidth (BW), field-of-view (FOV) and matrix size.

Materials And Methods: A fat-water phantom was examined in MR systems of different field strength (1.5 T, 1.