A multi-centric evaluation of self-learning GAN based pseudo-CT generation software for low field pelvic magnetic resonance imaging.

Purpose/objectives: An artificial intelligence-based pseudo-CT from low-field MR images is proposed and clinically evaluated to unlock the full potential of MRI-guided adaptive radiotherapy for pelvic cancer care.

Materials And Method: In collaboration with TheraPanacea (TheraPanacea, Paris, France) a pseudo-CT AI-model was generated using end-to-end ensembled self-supervised GANs endowed with cycle consistency using data from 350 pairs of weakly aligned data of pelvis planning CTs and TrueFisp-(0.35T)MRIs.

Infant formula containing large, milk phospholipid-coated lipid droplets and dairy lipids affects cognitive performance at school age.

Background: Breastfeeding has been positively associated with infant and child neurocognitive development and function. Contributing to this effect may be differences between human milk and infant formula in the milk lipid composition and milk fat globule structure.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of an infant formula mimicking human milk lipid composition and milk fat globule structure on childhood cognitive performance.

Cemiplimab for advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in kidney transplant recipients.

Background: Kidney transplant recipients (KTR) are at increased risk of cancer due to chronic immunosuppression. Non-melanoma skin cancer has an excess risk of approximately 250 times higher than the general population. Moreover, in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR) these cancers have a more aggressive behavior, with an increased risk of metastasis and death.

Retrospective analysis of gastrointestinal bleedings with direct oral anticoagulants reported to EudraVigilance.

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are increasingly used and are an important cornerstone in antithrombotic therapy. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) such as bleedings have only partially been investigated during clinical trials. The primary goal was to analyse pharmacovigilance data based on spontaneous reports of gastrointestinal (GI) bleedings with DOACs reported to EudraVigilance.

Universal allogeneic CAR T cells engineered with Sleeping Beauty transposons and CRISPR-CAS9 for cancer immunotherapy.

Allogeneic CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells with inactivated donor T cell receptor (TCR) expression can be used as an "off-the-shelf" therapeutic modality for lymphoid malignancies, thus offering an attractive alternative to autologous, patient-derived T cells. Current approaches for T cell engineering mainly rely on the use of viral vectors. Here, we optimized and validated a non-viral genetic modification platform based on Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposons delivered with minicircles to express CD19-28z.

Severe treatment-induced inflammatory polyarthritis in advanced melanoma patients: 2 case reports.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and targeted therapies form the therapeutic mainstay for v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B V600-mutated metastatic melanoma. Both treatment regimens can cause inflammatory arthritis. The reported incidence of treatment-induced inflammatory arthritis is low, though presumably underestimated due to lack of awareness, clear definitions and uniform grading systems.

Gini's mean difference and the long-term prognostic value of nodal quanta classes after pre-operative chemotherapy in advanced breast cancer.

Gini's mean difference (GMD, mean absolute difference between any two distinct quantities) of the restricted mean survival times (RMSTs, expectation of life at a given time limit) has been proposed as a new metric where higher GMD indicates better prognostic value. GMD is applied to the RMSTs at 25 years time-horizon to evaluate the long-term overall survival of women with breast cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, comparing a classification based on the number (pN) versus a classification based on the ratio (LNRc) of positive nodes found at axillary surgery. A total of 233 patients treated in 1980-2009 with documented number of positive nodes (npos) and number of nodes examined (ntot) were identified.

Addressing disparities and challenges in underserved patient populations with metastatic breast cancer in Europe.

People with metastatic breast cancer face many challenges and disparities in obtaining optimal cancer care. These challenges are accentuated in underserved patient populations across Europe, who are less likely to receive quality healthcare for reasons including socioeconomic inequalities, educational or cultural status, or geographic location. While there are many local and national initiatives targeted to address these challenges, there remains a need to reduce disparities and improve access to healthcare to improve outcomes, with a focus on multidisciplinary stakeholder engagement.

Creating a Global Community of Practice for Oncofertility.

Fertility preservation in the cancer setting, known as oncofertility, is a field that requires cross-disciplinary interaction between physicians, basic scientists, clinical researchers, ethicists, lawyers, educators, and religious leaders. Funded by the National Institutes of Health, the Oncofertility Consortium (OC) was formed to be a scientifically grounded, transparent, and altruistic resource, both intellectual and monetary, for building this new field of practice capable of addressing the unique needs of young patients with cancer. The OC has expanded its attention to include other nonmalignant conditions that can threaten fertility, and the work of the OC now extends around the globe, involving partners who together have created a community of shared effort, resources, and practices.

Association of conflicting information from healthcare providers and poor shared decision making with suboptimal adherence in direct oral anticoagulant treatment: A cross-sectional study in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Objective: To assess direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) adherence and to determine possible determinants for suboptimal adherence in Dutch patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods: Cross-sectional study of DOAC users who completed a self-reported questionnaire. Adherence was measured with Morisky8-item Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8).

Growth and other health outcomes of 2-year-old singletons born after IVM versus controlled ovarian stimulation in mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Study Question: Does maturation (IVM) of immature oocytes affect health, including growth at 2 years of age, in singletons born to mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)?

Summary Answer: This study of 92 singletons born after IVM in mothers with PCOS showed no significant differences in anthropometry and health outcome parameters in comparison with a cohort of 74 peers born after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and conventional controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) in mothers with PCOS.

What Is Known Already: IVM has been used worldwide in women with PCOS. However, the paucity of available data related to children's health following IVM is an important impediment to a more widespread use of the technology.

Role of cerebral hypoperfusion in multiple sclerosis (ROCHIMS): study protocol for a proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial with bosentan.

Background: Axonal degeneration is related to long-term disability in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The underlying mechanism remains ill understood but appears to involve axonal energetic dysfunction. A globally impaired cerebral blood flow (CBF) has been observed in the normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) of patients with MS, which is probably related to astrocytic overexpression of endothelin-1 (ET-1).

Mitotic spindle disruption in human preimplantation embryos activates the spindle assembly checkpoint but not apoptosis until Day 5 of development.

Study Question: Is the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) active during human preimplantation development?

Summary Answer: Mitotic spindle disruption during mitosis activates the SAC from at least Day 3 of human preimplantation development, but this does not lead to apoptosis until Day 5.

What Is Known Already: Human preimplantation embryos frequently acquire chromosomal abnormalities, but the mechanisms behind this are poorly understood. It has been speculated that a dysfunctional SAC could be responsible.

Reproductive hormones of ICSI-conceived young adult men: the first results.

Study Question: Are reproductive hormone levels (FSH, LH, inhibin B and testosterone) in male offspring conceived by ICSI because of male infertility comparable with those from peers born after spontaneous conception?

Summary Answer: In this cohort of 54 young men conceived by ICSI because of male-factor infertility, mean and median reproductive hormone levels were found to be comparable with results from spontaneously conceived peers, but ICSI-conceived men were more likely to have low inhibin B (<10th percentile) and high FSH (>90th percentile) levels.

What Is Known Already: Since the worldwide oldest ICSI offspring have recently reached young adulthood, their reproductive health can now be investigated. This typically involves semen analysis and a hormonal profiling including the measurement of FSH, LH, inhibin B and testosterone.

Semen quality of young adult ICSI offspring: the first results.

Study Question: What is the semen quality of young adult men who were conceived 18-22 years ago by ICSI for male infertility?

Summary Answer: In this cohort of 54 young adult ICSI men, median sperm concentration, total sperm count and total motile sperm count were significantly lower than in spontaneously conceived peers.

What Is Known Already: The oldest ICSI offspring cohort worldwide has recently reached adulthood. Hence, their reproductive health can now be investigated.

Creating a Global Community of Practice for Oncofertility.

Fertility preservation in the cancer setting, known as oncofertility, is a field that requires cross-disciplinary interaction between physicians, basic scientists, clinical researchers, ethicists, lawyers, educators, and religious leaders. Funded by the National Institutes of Health, the Oncofertility Consortium (OC) was formed to be a scientifically grounded, transparent, and altruistic resource, both intellectual and monetary, for building this new field of practice capable of addressing the unique needs of young patients with cancer. The OC has expanded its attention to include other nonmalignant conditions that can threaten fertility, and the work of the OC now extends around the globe, involving partners who together have created a community of shared effort, resources, and practices.

Practical approach to the use of daylight photodynamic therapy with topical methyl aminolevulinate for actinic keratosis: a European consensus.

Introduction: Daylight-mediated photodynamic therapy has been shown to be an effective therapy for actinic keratoses (AKs) and a simple and tolerable treatment procedure in three randomized Scandinavian studies and two recent Phase III randomized controlled studies in Australia and Europe.

Objectives: To establish consensus recommendations for the use of daylight photodynamic therapy (DL-PDT) using topical methyl aminolaevulinate (MAL) in European patients with AKs.

Methods: The DL-PDT consensus recommendations were developed on behalf of the European Society for Photodynamic Therapy in Dermatology and comprised of 10 dermatologists from different European countries with experience in how to treat AK patients with PDT.

A new method for real-time co-registration of 3D coronary angiography and intravascular ultrasound or optical coherence tomography.

We present a new clinically practical method for online co-registration of 3D quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) or optical coherence tomography (OCT). The workflow is based on two modified commercially available software packages. Reconstruction steps are explained and compared to previously available methods.

Loss and retrieval of a coronary angioplasty stent balloon.

A case is presented in which a breakage of the coronary stent delivery catheter occurred as retrieval of the stent balloon was attempted after stent implantation. The broken distal balloon shaft with its stuck balloon was retrieved by controlled pulling on the guiding catheter in which a new balloon was inflated, thus trapping the distal shaft. The case underscores the importance of adequate lesion assessment and preparation.

Effect of medication reconciliation at hospital admission on medication discrepancies during hospitalization and at discharge for geriatric patients.

Background: Medication discrepancies have the potential to cause harm. Medication reconciliation by clinical pharmacists aims to prevent discrepancies and other drug-related problems.

Objective: To determine how often discrepancies in the physician-acquired medication history result in discrepancies during hospitalization and at discharge.