The Global RAdical Cystectomy Evaluation and Management (GRACEM) pathway: single-centre prospective observational cohort study protocol.

Background: Despite guideline recommendations, few institutions have implemented clinical pathways that incorporate frailty into routine decision-making for patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC). This paper presents an integrated clinical pathway designed to address the needs of frail patients undergoing RC. The purpose of the study is to determine whether a multifaceted prevention programme that tailors interventions to the syndromic components of frailty can improve postoperative morbidity and recovery time for patients.

Confronting food insecurity through agricultural interventions: the Farmer FIRST program in India.

Introduction: Nutrition-sensitive agricultural interventions are crucial in addressing malnutrition and promoting food security. The Farmer, Farm, Innovation, Resources, Science, and Technology (FIRST) Program is a national-level agricultural intervention program that was started in 2016 by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR). Its primary objective is to transform the lives and livelihoods of Indian farmers, with a focus on income and livelihood security.

Impact of angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor on serum C-peptide levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Sacubitril/valsartan, an angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI), is becoming more common in the treatment of heart failure and hypertension. Neprilysin is highly expressed in the renal tubules, and reports have shown increases in urinary C-peptide reactivity (CPR) levels after administration of ARNI. However, the effect of ARNI on serum CPR levels, a critical marker of insulin secretion in diabetes, remains underexplored.

Acetonemic vomiting: a potential complication of treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists especially in lean type 2 diabetes patients.

Objectives: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are now widely used for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. We examined their association with acetonemic vomiting, especially when given to patients with low body weight, in hopes of achieving early recognition of this complication which is potentially life-threatening if not dealt with appropriately.

Methods: Cases identified incidentally are described and discussed referring to prior reports.

Blood cell HbA1c measured by enzymatic assay show higher than whole blood HbA1c in patients with iron deficiency anemia.

In Japan, most HbA1c measurements by enzymatic assays or immunoassays represent the HbA1c levels in the blood cell fraction obtained after centrifugation of the blood samples. The present study investigated that the blood cell enzymatic HbA1c assay (EA-HbA1c) was compared with whole blood HbA1c in patients with iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Study 1: EA-HbA1c levels using blood cell samples (blood cell EA-HbA1c) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-HbA1c levels using whole blood samples (whole blood HPLC-HbA1c) were measured in 15 IDA patients with Hb < 8 g/dL and transferrin saturation (TSAT) < 20%, and the correlations between the blood cell EA-HbA1c/whole blood HPLC-HbA1c ratio (%) and various IDA indicators [mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), TSAT, and logarithmically transformed ferritin (log-FER)] were examined.

Combined associations of education and health literacy with preventive dental visits in patients with diabetes: a nationwide cross-sectional study.

Aim: Oral health is important in patients with diabetes. While health literacy may promote preventive dental visits, the evidence is sparse among them. Additionally, because education is indicated as a determinant of health literacy, none clarified whether health literacy can mitigate educational inequalities in healthcare-seeking behaviors.

Cost-effective analysis focused on hypoglycemia of intermittent-scanning continuous glucose monitoring in type 1 diabetes adults: a ISCHIA randomized clinical trial.

Background: This study aimed to compare the economic value of intermittent-scanning continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) with self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods: Participants were placed on either an isCGM or SMBG arm for 84 days, in a randomized, crossover setup with a 28-day washout period. Clinically relevant hypoglycemia (<54 mg/dL) and severe hypoglycemia (SH) risks were calculated by analyzing the data from isCGM.

Prevalence and risk factors for skeletal muscle mass loss in individuals with type 1 diabetes.

This study aimed to the investigate prevalence and factors associated with reduced skeletal muscle mass in non-elderly adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Ninety-nine patients (65 women, mean age: 43 ± 11 years, range 20-65 years) with acute-onset T1D who underwent body component analysis between October 2016 and April 2018 were studied. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to calculate the skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) of the limbs.

Glycemic variability and quality of life outcomes after changing to hybrid closed-loop system in Japanese individuals with type 1 diabetes using a conventional predictive low-glucose suspended insulin pump system.

Unlabelled: The hybrid closed-loop (HCL) system, Medtronic MiniMed 770G, has been available for use by Japanese individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus since 2021. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of its use on glycemic variability and quality of life (QOL) in this population. This multicenter, open-label, prospective observational study included 14 Japanese individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus treated with MiniMed 640G.

Unraveling the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes with a new selectively bred animal model, the Oikawa-Nagao mouse.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a polygenic disease, and the development of animal models by selective breeding is crucial for understanding its etiology, pathophysiology, complications, and treatments. We recently developed a new T2D model, the Oikawa-Nagao (ON) mouse, by selectively breeding mice with inferior glucose tolerance [diabetes-prone (ON mouse DP®; ON-DP) strain] and superior glucose tolerance [diabetes-resistant (ON mouse DR®; ON-DR) strain] on a high-fat diet. ON-DP mice are predisposed to develop diabetes and obesity after being fed a high-fat diet, compared to ON-DR mice.

Practice guideline: Statement regarding treatment for suspected slowly progressive type 1 diabetes (SPIDDM; probable) cases (English Version).

Insulin treatment should be introduced in patients with slowly progressive type 1 diabetes (SPIDDM; definite), according to the revised diagnostic criteria of SPIDDM (2023). In contrast, SPIDDM (probable) patients are in a non-insulin-dependent state; therefore, a more flexible treatment can be considered, although sulfonylurea agents should be avoided. Insulin treatment has been shown to maintain endogenous insulin secretion capacity in SPIDDM (probable); however, this does not mean that all SPIDDM (probable) patients should use insulin from the early phase.

Validity of the international physical activity questionnaire short form for assessing physical activity in Japanese adults with type 1 diabetes.

Objective: To examine the validity of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form (IPAQ-SF) against an objective method for assessing physical activity (PA) in Japanese adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 126 adults with T1D (aged 20-74 years). The participants wore a triaxial accelerometer for 7 consecutive days and completed the IPAQ-SF (a recall survey for the last 7 days) on the day following the 7-day accelerometer period.

Differentiation, reduction, and proliferation of pancreatic β-cells and their regulatory factors.

The prevalence of diabetes has increased rapidly in recent years, and many types of therapeutic agents have been developed. However, the main purpose of these drugs is to lower blood glucose levels, and they are not fundamental solutions. In contrast, our research has been aimed at stimulating and inducing β-cell proliferation in vivo and replenishing β-cells.

Insulin resistant diabetes mellitus in a girl with mild Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome: efficacy of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor.

We report a beneficial effect of a sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor in the management of insulin resistant diabetes mellitus (IRDM) in a Japanese girl with mild Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome (RMS). At 10 2/12 years of age, she was referred to us because of glucosuria, and was found to have marked acanthosis nigricans and RMS-like facial features such as proptosis, large ears, full lips, and gingival hypertrophy, but not other clinical features frequently found in RMS. At 11 9/12 years of age, her blood HbA1c level, though it remained ~ 6.

Slow progression of type 1 diabetes associated with pembrolizumab and lenvatinib combination therapy in a patient with probable slowly progressive type 1 diabetes mellitus and endometrial cancer.

A 58-year-old woman with a body mass index of 26.4 kg/m was referred because of high glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) at a medical checkup. Her anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GADA) titer was positive (16.

Impact of tumor position displacement during end-exhalation breath-hold condition on tumor dose in lung stereotactic body radiation therapy using volumetric modulated arc therapy.

Background And Purpose: In lung stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) using a breath-holding technique, displacement of tumor during breath-holding is rarely considered. This study used four-dimensional (4D) dose calculation with cine computed tomography (CT) to evaluate the impact of unexpected tumor position displacement during breath-holding on the target dose of lung volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT)-SBRT.

Materials And Methods: This study included 20 cases for which tumor position displacement during end-exhalation breath-holding (range: 0.

Specific modulation of 28S_Um2402 rRNA 2'--ribose methylation as a novel epitranscriptomic marker of ZEB1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in different mammary cell contexts.

The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a dynamic transdifferentiation of epithelial cells into mesenchymal cells. EMT programs exhibit great diversity, based primarily on the distinct impact of molecular activities of the EMT transcription factors. Using a panel of cancer cell lines and a series of 71 triple-negative primary breast tumors, we report that the EMT transcription factor ZEB1 modulates site-specific chemical modifications of ribosomal RNA (rRNA).

Quality of care delivery in patients with acute heart failure: insights from the international REPORT-HF registry.

Background: Heart Failure (HF) quality of care (QoC) is associated with clinical outcomes. Therefore, we investigated differences in HF QoC across worldwide regions (with differing national income) and the association of quality indicators with outcomes.

Methods: We examined the quality of care (QoC) in acute heart failure (HF) patients across different regions using quality indicators (QIs) from the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the American Heart Association (AHA) to evaluate QoC.

Characteristics associated with career self-reliance behaviors of nurses working in nursing homes in Japan: A cross-sectional study.

Background: With an aging global population, establishing integrated systems for long-term care is challenging in several countries. Adequate and quality service for older adults in nursing homes can improve their quality of life. The career self-reliance of nurses working in nursing homes may affect the quality of life of older adults; this suggests a need for educational support for career self-reliance behavior.

One health agriculture: Heat stress mitigation dilemma in agriculture.

The concept of One Health was developed as a successful strategy for addressing global crises that impact the health of animals, humans, and plants. The agriculture industry is facing a huge dilemma due to climate change and the impacts of heat stress, which might pose a threat to mankind in the future. In order to enhance the management of heat stress in the agriculture sector (Agri-heat stress), we suggest implementing the One Health approach.

Development of novel nucleic acid therapy aimed at directly controlling liver fibrosis.

Currently, no drugs directly treat liver fibrosis. Previously, we have shown that treatment with miR-29a-3p improved liver fibrosis in a mouse model. To investigate the effectiveness of nucleic acid therapy at a lower dose, a modified nucleic acid was prepared based on miR-29a-3p.

Differentiating between immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced myocarditis and cardiac metastasis in a cardio-oncology patient presenting with myocardial infarction: A case report.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases and cancer are leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Patients with malignancies are at increased risk for cardiovascular complications including acute coronary syndromes, chemotherapy or radiation therapy related complications and cardiac metastasis.

Case Summary: We present a case of a 47-year-old female with metastatic cancer on immunotherapy presented with anterior ST elevation myocardial infarction followed by emergent percutaneous coronary intervention in the left anterior descending artery.

Pancreatic β cell-secreted factor FGF23 attenuates Alzheimer's disease-related amyloid β-induced neuronal death.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline and memory impairment. The pathophysiology of AD may involve aggregated amyloid β (Aβ) accumulation, which may underlie the disease mechanism. Patients with diabetes exhibit an elevated risk of developing AD, indicating potential therapeutic implications upon elucidating the underlying mechanisms.

Prevalence of psoriatic arthritis in Italy: insights from the multicentric MAPSI study.

Introduction: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory arthropathy associated with cutaneous psoriasis (PsO), first defined by Moll and Wright. Initially perceived as relatively benign, PsA is now recognized for its chronic, progressive, and destructive nature, significantly impacting patients' quality of life, similar to Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Globally, PsA represents about 20% of cases in early arthritis clinics, posing diagnostic and management challenges.

Insight into the roles of lactylation in macrophages: functions and clinical implications.

Lactylation, a post-translational modification, has been linked to gene transcription regulation through epigenetic modulation in various pathophysiological processes. The lactylation regulatory proteins, known as writers, erasers, and readers, govern their dynamics by adding, removing, and recognizing lactyl groups on proteins. Macrophages, as cells of the immune system, maintain homeostasis, responding dynamically to diverse internal and external stimuli.