Life satisfaction around the world: Measurement invariance of the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups.

The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) is a widely used self-report measure of subjective well-being, but studies of its measurement invariance across a large number of nations remain limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset-with data collected between 2020 and 2022 -to assess measurement invariance of the SWLS across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups (N = 56,968). All participants completed the SWLS under largely uniform conditions.

Interpretation of Viscoelastic Hemostatic Assays in Cardiac Surgery Patients: Importance of Clinical Context.

Background: Rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) is widely used for point-of-care coagulation testing to reduce blood transfusions. Accurate interpretation of ROTEM data is crucial and requires substantial training. This study investigates the inter- and intrarater reliability of ROTEM interpretation among experts and compares their interpretations with a ROTEM-guided algorithm.

Depressive Symptoms and Amyloid Pathology.

Importance: Depressive symptoms are associated with cognitive decline in older individuals. Uncertainty about underlying mechanisms hampers diagnostic and therapeutic efforts. This large-scale study aimed to elucidate the association between depressive symptoms and amyloid pathology.

Evaluation of TOCSY mixing for sensitivity-enhancement in solid-state NMR and application of 4D experiments for side-chain assignments of the full-length 30 kDa membrane protein GlpG.

Chemical shift assignments of large membrane proteins by solid-state NMR experiments are challenging. Recent advancements in sensitivity-enhanced pulse sequences, have made it feasible to acquire H-detected 4D spectra of these challenging protein samples within reasonable timeframes. However, obtaining unambiguous assignments remains difficult without access to side-chain chemical shifts.

The influence of anorexia nervosa on oral health and related parameters potentially relevant to orthodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Information on the oral health of patients with anorexia nervosa remains not satisfactory. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate oral health parameters in anorexic patients compared to healthy individuals. Furthermore, potential clinical implications for orthodontic treatment are discussed from an orthodontic perspective.

Sitting time at work and cardiovascular disease risk-a longitudinal analysis of the Study on Mental Health at Work (S-MGA).

Purpose: This study analyzed longitudinal data to examine whether occupational sitting time is associated with increases in body mass index (BMI) and five-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.

Methods: We included 2,000 employed men and women (aged 31-60) from the German Study on Mental Health at Work (S-MGA) for a BMI analysis and 1,635 participants free of CVD at baseline (2011/2012) for a CVD analysis. Occupational sitting time was categorized into five groups (< 5, 5 to < 15, 15 to < 25, 25 to < 35, and ≥ 35 h per week).

Layer-specific control of inhibition by NDNF interneurons.

Neuronal processing of external sensory input is shaped by internally generated top-down information. In the neocortex, top-down projections primarily target layer 1, which contains NDNF (neuron-derived neurotrophic factor)-expressing interneurons and the dendrites of pyramidal cells. Here, we investigate the hypothesis that NDNF interneurons shape cortical computations in an unconventional, layer-specific way, by exerting presynaptic inhibition on synapses in layer 1 while leaving synapses in deeper layers unaffected.

Alchemical harmonic approximation based potential for iso-electronic diatomics: Foundational baseline for Δ-machine learning.

We introduce the alchemical harmonic approximation (AHA) of the absolute electronic energy for charge-neutral iso-electronic diatomics at fixed interatomic distance d0. To account for variations in distance, we combine AHA with this ansatz for the electronic binding potential, E(d)=(Eu-Es)Ec-EsEu-Esd/d0+Es, where Eu, Ec, Es correspond to the energies of the united atom, calibration at d0, and the sum of infinitely separated atoms, respectively. Our model covers the two-dimensional electronic potential energy surface spanned by distances of 0.

The importance of preclinical models for cholangiocarcinoma drug discovery.

Introduction: Biliary tract cancer (BTC) comprises a clinically diverse and genetically heterogeneous group of tumors along the intra- and extrahepatic biliary system (intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma) and gallbladder cancer with the common feature of a poor prognosis, despite increasing molecular knowledge of associated genetic aberrations and possible targeted therapies. Therefore, the search for even more precise and individualized therapies is ongoing and preclinical tumor models are central to the development of such new approaches.

Areas Covered: The models described in the current review include simple and advanced in vitro and in vivo models, including cell lines, 2D monolayer, spheroid and organoid cultures, 3D bioprinting, patient-derived xenografts, and more recently, machine-perfusion platform-based models of resected liver specimens.

The relationship between primate distal fibula trabecular architecture and arboreality, phylogeny and size.

The fibula, despite being traditionally overlooked compared to the femur and the tibia, has recently received attention in primate functional morphology due to its correlation with the degree of arboreality (DOA). Highlighting further fibular features that are associated with arboreal habits would be key to improving palaeobiological inferences in fossil specimens. Here we present the first investigation on the trabecular bone structure of the primate fibula, focusing on the distal epiphysis, across a vast array of species.

FFR-Negative Nonculprit High-Risk Plaques and Clinical Outcomes in High-Risk Populations: An Individual Patient-Data Pooled Analysis From COMBINE (OCT-FFR) and PECTUS-obs.

Background: Despite fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided deferral of revascularization, recurrent events in patients with diabetes or after myocardial infarction remain common. This study aimed to assess the association between FFR-negative but high-risk nonculprit lesions and clinical outcomes.

Methods: This is a patient-level pooled analysis of the prospective natural-history COMBINE (OCT-FFR) study (Optical Coherence Tomography Morphologic and Fractional Flow Reserve Assessment in Diabetes Mellitus Patients) and PECTUS-obs study (Identification of Risk Factors for Acute Coronary Events by OCT After STEMI and NSTEMI Patients With Residual Non- Flow Limiting Lesions).

Innovative strategies for minimizing hematoma risk in MRI-guided breast biopsies.

Background: The study aimed to investigate the reduction of hematoma risk during MRI-guided breast biopsies by evaluating position-dependent intervention parameters and characteristics of the target lesion.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 252 percutaneous MRI-guided breast biopsies performed at a single center between January 2013 and December 2023. Two groups were built depending on the severity of relative hematoma formation (using a cut-off ≤ 7.

Fracture Fusion on Fast-Forward: Locally Administered Deferoxamine Significantly Enhances Fracture Healing in Animal Models: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Fractures, with a yearly incidence of 1.2%, can lead to healing complications in up to 10% of cases. The angiogenic stimulant deferoxamine (DFO) is recognized for enhancing bone healing when administered into the fracture gap.

Advancements in bioengineered and autologous skin grafting techniques for skin reconstruction: a comprehensive review.

The reconstruction of complex skin defects challenges clinical practice, with autologous skin grafts (ASGs) as the traditional choice due to their high graft take rate and patient compatibility. However, ASGs have limitations such as donor site morbidity, limited tissue availability, and the necessity for multiple surgeries in severe cases. Bioengineered skin grafts (BSGs) aim to address these drawbacks through advanced tissue engineering and biomaterial science.

Task-irrelevant emotional expressions are not mimicked, but may modulate the mimicry of task-relevant emotional expressions.

Emotional mimicry-the imitation of others' emotions-is an empathic response that helps to navigate social interactions. Mimicry is absent when participants' task does not involve engaging with the expressers' emotions. This may be because task-irrelevant faces (i.

Impact of Organ Donor Pretreatment With Anti-Thymocyte Globulin in a Murine Model of Allogenic Kidney Transplantation.

Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for end-stage organ failure. To improve transplantation outcomes, particularly of "marginal" organs from extended criteria donors (ECD), attempts have been made to therapeutically modulate donor or graft pre-transplantation. Anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) has a history as lymphocyte-depleting, immunosuppressive drug for treating rejection episodes post transplantation.

Real-world experience with TTFields in glioma patients with emphasis on therapy usage.

Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) has emerged as a significant adjunctive component in the treatment of high-grade gliomas following the EF-14 trial in 2017. The incorporation of TTFields, alongside cyclic temozolomide therapy, has demonstrated improved patient outcomes when the usage exceeds 18 h per day (75% usage). analysis of the EF-14 trial has demonstrated that therapy usage exceeding 90% is associated with an additional benefit, while rates above 50% have also proven effective in literature.

Preoperative mapping techniques for brain tumor surgery: a systematic review.

Accurate preoperative mapping is crucial for maximizing tumor removal while minimizing damage to critical brain functions during brain tumor surgery. Navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS), magnetoencephalography (MEG), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are established methods for assessing motor and language function. Following PRISMA guidelines, this systematic review analyzes the reliability, clinical utility, and accessibility of these techniques.

Protocol for the systematic review of age and sex in preclinical models of age-correlated diseases.

The translation of animal-based biomedical research into clinical research is often inadequate. Maximizing translation should be central to animal research on human diseases, guiding researchers in study design and animal model selection. However, practical considerations often drive the choice of animal model, which may not always reflect key patient characteristics, such as sex and age, impacting the disease's course.

Racism in German healthcare: uncovering the construction and silencing of the "other".

While the impact of racism on healthcare interactions has been researched extensively in many parts of the world, substantive studies on healthcare-related racism in Europe, and particularly in Germany, remain scarce. This paper builds on a study that applies Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) and aims to explore healthcare users' experiences of racism within German healthcare. Community members were trained as peer researchers and given support as they conducted a total of six focus group discussions that involved a total of 14 study participants: these participants were organized into two subsamples of seven participants each (subsample one: Black, African, Afro-diasporic healthcare users; subsample two: healthcare users perceived or self-describing as Muslim), and each subsample had three focus group discussions.

Corrigendum: Lifting COVID-19-associated non-pharmaceutical interventions: potential impact on notifications of infectious diseases transmitted from person to person in 2022 in Bavaria, Germany.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.

Surveillance of non-communicable diseases: What matters to users? A qualitative interview study.

Background: Surveillance systems for diseases serve as an early warning system and orientation for decision-makers. As part of the National Diabetes Surveillance at the Robert Koch Institute (RKI), existing formats of information transfer were evaluated and an analysis of users' requirements regarding the dissemination of results of surveillance for non-communicable diseases (NCD) was carried out.

Methods: 13 semi-structured guided interviews were conducted with persons from health politics, healthcare, media and science and analysed in a qualitative content analysis (interview survey period: 10/2022 - 01/2023).

Towards a European health information system: The BRIDGE Health, InfAct and PHIRI projects.

Background: National health systems in Europe are facing similar challenges - demographic change, a rising burden of disease due to chronic non-communicable diseases, and health inequalities. Comparable health data and knowledge sharing between countries are therefore an important basis for policy decision-making. However, health information in the European Union (EU) is fragmented and approaches to establishing a comprehensive system are largely project-based.

Towards a sustainable set of European Core Health Indicators (ECHI).

Background: The European Core Health Indicators (ECHI) are a set of 88 indicators that provide a compact overview of the extensive field of European public health and healthcare. The ECHI set adds value to European Union health information systems (HIS) for both Member States and EU-associated countries and the European Commission by providing a solid, comparable information base on national public health and healthcare trends and developments. The indicators allow for learning by comparison and the list supports the organisation of national health information systems.