2,634 results match your criteria: "Universitaetsklinikum Regensburg | UKR[Affiliation]"

Background With the advent of COVID-19, mortality rates of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) rose by 37% which makes its treatment an important part of healthcare. Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is linked to higher patient survival rates. Cimino-Brescia fistula is the most effective vascular access technique, but it has a high rate of primary failure (PF) and a several-week maturation period before it can be used.

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The Interplay Between Sleep Disorders and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review.

Cureus

September 2023

Global Clinical Scholars Research Training (GCSRT) and Postgraduate Medical Education (PGME), Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have emerged as the predominant cause of global mortality, resulting in a substantial annual loss of human lives. Among these conditions, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) stand out as the primary cause of death. The majority of CVD cases can be attributed to certain factors that, upon modification, have the potential to significantly decrease both the incidence and severity of the disease.

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Article Synopsis
  • Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading causes of death and illness worldwide, with low social support increasing the risk and worsening outcomes for patients.
  • A systematic review analyzed five studies from 2003 to 2023, revealing a strong link between low social support and higher rates of cardiovascular events, as well as potential benefits from strong support systems.
  • Integrating social determinants of health into cardiovascular risk prediction models has been shown to enhance accuracy, yet these factors are often overlooked, emphasizing the need for their inclusion in future assessments.
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Background & Aims: Intratumoral lactate accumulation and acidosis impair T-cell function and antitumor immunity. Interestingly, expression of the lactate transporter monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) 4, but not MCT1, turned out to be prognostic for the survival of patients with rectal cancer, indicating that single MCT4 blockade might be a promising strategy to overcome glycolysis-related therapy resistance.

Methods: To determine whether blockade of MCT4 alone is sufficient to improve the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy, we examined the effects of the selective MCT1 inhibitor AZD3965 and a novel MCT4 inhibitor in a colorectal carcinoma (CRC) tumor spheroid model co-cultured with blood leukocytes in vitro and the MC38 murine CRC model in vivo in combination with an antibody against programmed cell death ligand-1(PD-L1).

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In strict accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines, our research team conducted a comprehensive systematic literature review (SLR) to explore the treatment and preventive strategies for Sjögren's Syndrome (SS). Leveraging a meticulous search strategy, we scoured reputable databases such as PubMed, PubMed Central, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library. Our analysis zeroed in on 10 seminal articles that met our stringent inclusion criteria, providing a holistic view of the existing treatment landscape for SS, along with emerging diagnostic tools and associated biomarkers indicative of lymphoma risk.

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Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a clinical syndrome whose management has significantly evolved based on the pathophysiology and disease process. It is widely prevalent, has a relatively high mortality rate, and is comparatively more common in men than women. In HFrEF, the series of maladaptive processes that occur lead to an inability of the muscle of the left ventricle to pump blood efficiently and effectively, causing cardiac dysfunction.

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Introduction: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are both common comorbidities in obese patients. Structured weight loss programs are effective and can reduce the incidence and severity of obesity-related comorbidities. The objective of the present analysis is to test whether weight loss induced alleviation of SDB is a predictor for improvement of NAFLD.

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The microbial metabolite desaminotyrosine enhances T-cell priming and cancer immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

EBioMedicine

November 2023

Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy (LIT), Regensburg, Germany; Centre for Immunomedicine in Transplantation and Oncology (CITO), Regensburg, Germany; Bavarian Cancer Research Centre (BZKF), Regensburg, Germany. Electronic address:

Background: Inter-individual differences in response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) remain a major challenge in cancer treatment. The composition of the gut microbiome has been associated with differential ICI outcome, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear, and therapeutic modulation challenging.

Methods: We established an in vivo model to treat C57Bl/6j mice with the type-I interferon (IFN-I)-modulating, bacterial-derived metabolite desaminotyrosine (DAT) to improve ICI therapy.

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Introduction: Endometrial receptivity is largely determined by the immunophenotype of endometrium, especially uterine NK-cells (uNK). Immune component is directly involved in the formation of favourable microenvironment for the blastocyst implantation and placenta formation, but the way it changes during the maturation of endometrial tissue in healthy fertile women is still underexplored.

Methods: The endometrium was collected from 47 healthy oocyte donors after controlled ovarian stimulation: 23 women on the day of oocytes retrieval (OR) and 24 women on the term of implantation window (IW).

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Inflammation in Cardiovascular Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets.

Cureus

September 2023

Global Clinical Scholars Research Training (GCSRT) and Postgraduate Medical Education (PGME), Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.

Cardiovascular disorders (CVDs) represent a global challenge and are regarded as one of the leading causes of mortality. The role of inflammation as a risk factor in these disorders has been studied, with the accelerated atherosclerotic process being a crucial factor in the pathogenesis. Several inflammatory biomarkers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukins (ILs), Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), and others have been identified that play a role in the atherosclerotic process, thus linking systemic inflammatory conditions with CVDs, including acute myocardial infarction (AMI), chronic heart failure (CHF), venous thromboembolism (VTE) and others.

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Article Synopsis
  • * Identifying emergency cases, particularly sepsis, is critical for timely treatment, often requiring urgent surgical procedures like abscess incision to prevent complications.
  • * The main treatment approach involves immobilization of the infected bone using simple methods to support healing, along with managing soft tissue defects and referrals to specialized centers for complicated cases.
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The Influence of Scar Patterns After Reduction Mammoplasty on Eye Movement and Gaze Pattern: An Eye-Tracking Investigation.

Aesthetic Plast Surg

February 2024

Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.

Background: Given that scars are acknowledged as the primary cause of postoperative dissatisfaction following reduction mammoplasty, it is imperative to comprehend the patient's visual perception of different scar patterns in order to enhance patient satisfaction. To achieve this, eye-tracking technology provides an unbiased method of evaluating how observers assess breast scars.

Methods: 58 participants (32 females and 26 males) between the ages of 19 and 82 years (mean age of 29.

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Background: vanB-carrying vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) of the sequence types 80 (ST80) and ST117 have dominated Germany in the past. In 2020, our hospital witnessed a sharp increase in the proportion of vanA-positive VREfm.

Aim: To attempt to understand these dynamics through whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and analysis of nosocomial transmissions.

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a rapidly escalating public health concern, which underlines the significance of its early detection and the need for the refinement of current screening methods. In this systematic review, we aimed to analyze the potential advantages and limitations of artificial intelligence (AI)-based computer-aided detection (CADe) systems as compared to routine colonoscopy. This review begins by shedding light on the global prevalence and mortality rates of CRC, highlighting the urgent need for effective screening techniques and early detection of this cancer type.

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High level calculations on the electronic states of a silicon dimer (Si) have been carried out by employing a multi-reference configuration interaction plus Davidson correction (MRCI + Q) approach with the aug-cc-pVQZ basis set. The scalar relativistic correction is taken into consideration by the second-order Douglas-Kroll-Hess approximation. In the present work, the transition properties (oscillator strength, Einstein spontaneous emission coefficient and radiative lifetime) of the singlet-singlet, triplet-triplet, and quintet-quintet transitions of Si are discussed.

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Trilogy of Fallot (ToF) is a rare congenital heart disease characterized by a combination of atrial septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, and right ventricular hypertrophy. It is more common in females and can cause symptoms such as cyanosis and breathlessness. ToF can lead to complications like thromboembolic events, including infective endocarditis (IE) and cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT).

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Article Synopsis
  • There is an increasing understanding of how inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is linked to various extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs), especially rheumatological issues like arthritis.
  • This systematic review analyzed 75 articles to evaluate the effectiveness of biological therapies for managing these rheumatic symptoms in IBD patients, focusing on eight key studies.
  • The review highlights the positive effects of biological treatments but also points out the need for continued research and the use of emerging AI technologies to improve patient care and quality of life.
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Background: In the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, a steady increase in adolescent anorexia nervosa admissions has been observed. Contributing factors may have been uncontrollable changes in school attendance due to lockdowns and social restrictions. However, patients' reports on the impact of these factors have not been assessed in detail as of yet.

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Releasing the brake: CTLA-4 loss turbocharges CAR T cells.

Immunity

October 2023

Division of Functional Immune Cell Modulation, Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy, Regensburg, Germany; University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Center for Immunomedicine in Transplantation and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany. Electronic address:

Immune checkpoint receptor-induced T cell dysfunction is a major cause of CAR T cell treatment failure. In this issue, Agarwal et al. report that CRISPR/Cas9 deletion of CTLA4, but not PDCD1 or CTLA4 and PDCD1, enhances CD28 signaling, restoring fitness and antitumor function of CAR T cells, including those derived from patients who failed CAR T cell therapy.

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[Prehabilitation-making patients fit for surgery].

Urologie

October 2023

Urologisches Kompetenzzentrum für die Rehabilitation, (UKR der Kliniken Hartenstein), Klinik Wildetal, Günter-Hartenstein-Str. 8, 34537, Bad Wildungen, Deutschland.

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Background: Borna disease virus 1 (BoDV-1) causes rare human infections within endemic regions in southern and eastern Germany. The infections reported to date have been linked to severe courses of encephalitis with high mortality and mostly irreversible symptoms. Whether BoDV-1 could act as a trigger for other neurological conditions, is, however, incompletely understood.

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Glycemic variability is associated with diastolic dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes.

J Diabetes Complications

November 2023

Government Institution "Scientific Practical Medical Centre for Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery of Ukraine" Clinic for adults, Yuriy Illienko 24, 04050 Kyiv, Ukraine; Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Dorogozhytska 9, 04112 Kyiv, Ukraine.

Aim: To investigate the relationship between glycemic variability (GV) and diastolic dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) without coronary artery disease.

Methods: Seventy-eight patients with type 2 DM without coronary artery disease were enrolled into the study. Diastolic function was assessed by echocardiography (Philips IE33); GV was evaluated by continuous monitoring of glucose (CGM, Guardian™ Connect System, Medtronic).

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The role of simulation in medical education is crucial to the development of surgeons' skills. Surgical simulation can be used to improve surgical skills in a secure and risk-free environment. Animal models, simulated patients, virtual reality, and mannequins are some types of surgical simulation.

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