Arthroscopic-Assisted Versus All-Arthroscopic Ankle Stabilization Technique.

Background: Both the percutaneous technique with arthroscopic assistance, also known as arthroscopic Broström (AB), and the arthroscopic all-inside ligament repair (AI) are widely used to treat chronic lateral ankle instability. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of these 2 arthroscopic stabilizing techniques.

Methods: Thirty-nine consecutive patients were arthroscopically treated for chronic ankle instability by 2 different surgeons.

A step-by-step arthroscopic examination of the anterior ankle compartment.

Purpose: Despite the increased use of ankle dorsiflexion without distraction, no reports have specifically addressed the arthroscopic anatomy of the ankle in this position. The purpose of this study was to describe the normal arthroscopic anatomy of the ankle joint, when using the ankle dorsiflexion and the dynamic distraction technique, and to propose an arthroscopic examination system for the anterior ankle compartment.

Methods: Ankle arthroscopy was performed in 20 fresh frozen specimens.

The arthroscopic all-inside ankle lateral collateral ligament repair is a safe and reproducible technique.

Purpose: Neurovascular structures around the ankle are at risk of injury during arthroscopic all-inside lateral collateral ligament repair for the treatment of chronic ankle instability. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of damage to anatomical structures and reproducibility of the technique amongst surgeons with different levels of expertise in the arthroscopic all-inside ligament repair.

Methods: Twelve fresh-frozen ankle specimens were used for the study.

Anatomic lectures on structures at risk prior to cadaveric courses reduce injury to the superficial peroneal nerve, the commonest complication in ankle arthroscopy.

Purpose: To assess the effectiveness of cadaveric ankle arthroscopy courses in reducing iatrogenic injuries.

Methods: A total of 60 novice surgeons enrolled in a basic cadaveric ankle arthroscopy course were divided into two groups. Group A (n = 32) was lectured on portal placement and use of the arthroscope, whereas group B (n = 28) was in addition lectured on specific portal-related complications.

Clinical differences between cocaine-induced psychotic disorder and psychotic symptoms in cocaine-dependent patients.

The aim of this study is to compare the clinical characteristics of three groups of patients in treatment for cocaine dependence: patients without any psychotic symptoms (NS), patients with transient psychotic symptoms (PS) and patients with cocaine-induced psychotic disorder (CIPD). An observational and retrospective study of 150 cocaine-dependent patients undergoing treatment in the Drug Unit of the Psychiatry Department of University Hospital Vall d׳Hebron in Barcelona (Spain) using these three groups, NS, PS and CIPD, was performed. All patients were evaluated with the PRISM interview.

The role played by salts in the formation of SBA-15, an in situ small-angle X-ray scattering/diffraction study.

The influence of salts (NaCl, NaBr, and NaI) on the formation of mesoporous silica SBA-15 was studied in situ by small-angle X-ray scattering and diffraction. Pluronic P104 was used as structure director. The micellar properties and the dynamics of formation were clearly dependent on the presence of salt.

Quick two-dimensional differential in gel electrophoresis-based method to determine length and secondary structures of telomeric DNA.

A novel differential in gel electrophoresis (DIGE)-based method has been developed and applied to measure telomere length and appearance of two-dimensional structural DNA changes. It can be applied to any area requiring quick and evident measurement of structural DNA changes.

Measurement of air trapping, intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure, and dynamic hyperinflation in mechanically ventilated patients.

Severe airflow obstruction is a common cause of acute respiratory failure. Dynamic hyperinflation affects tidal ventilation, increases airways resistance, and causes intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (auto-PEEP). Most patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have dynamic hyperinflation and auto-PEEP during mechanical ventilation, which can cause hemodynamic compromise and barotrauma.

[Leukoaraiosis. Clinical importance and prognosis].

Advance in the health care systems, in medical knowledge and improvements in quality of life have contributed to the fact that life expectancy of the persons in developed countries exceeds 80 years of age. This has made it possible to observe the increase in frequency of common diseases of the elderly, one of the most relevant of which is dementia. The two most frequent etiologies of dementia are the degenerative one, with Alzheimer's disease (AD) as the main cause, and those of vascular etiology or vascular dementia, within which subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopaty or Binswanger's disease (BD) are found with low prevalence.

[The amigdaloid body: functional implications].

Introduction: The amygdaloid body is a structure localized to the temporal lobe in mammals, formed by different nuclei and traditionally associated with the emotion system of the brain. Some investigators have suggested an alternative function for the amygdaloid body, considering it to be part of the system modulating memory. Much of the experimental data supports both functions.