Chronic Gastrointestinal Disorders and miRNA-Associated Disease: An Up-to-Date.

Chronic gastrointestinal disorders such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) impose significant health burdens globally. IBDs, encompassing Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, are multifactorial disorders characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. On the other hand, IBS is one of the principal gastrointestinal tract functional disorders and is characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits.

CDK2 Allosteric Modulators: The New Route in the Design of New Drugs as Anticancer and Non-hormonal Contraceptives.

CDK2 plays a pivotal role in controlling the cell cycle progression in eukaryotes and for this reason, it has been the subject of several studies for suitable inhibitors in the last decades. But more than 30 years of basic research have not generated an inhibitor as marketed drugs. Some inhibitors are to date in early phase clinical development.

Relationship Between Short-Term Blood Pressure Variability and Choroidal-Retinal Thicknesses Assessed by Optical Coherence Tomography in Hypertensive Subjects.

The complications of hypertension depend not only on the mean blood pressure (BP) but also on its variability (BPV). Recent studies suggest that the choroid may serve as an indicator of systemic vascular damage. These studies have been made possible by the increased availability of optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Curcumin and doxorubicin encapsulated in biocompatible clay-based nanomaterial: A strategy to overcome multidrug resistance.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) due to the overexpression of the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux pump remains a significant challenge in cancer therapy, also in breast cancer. Traditional pharmacological approaches have focused on using inhibitors to modulate P-gp expression and function. Curcumin, a polyphenol derived from Curcuma longa L.

Pandemic impact on training and mental health of medical residents: an Italian multicentre prospective study.

Objective: To describe the mental health of Italian medical residents during COVID-19 pandemic and explore the impact of personal and work-related changes on their mental health.

Methods: A multicentre prospective study was conducted on a sample of Italian residents across five timepoints (February-October 2021). Mental health outcomes (symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD, depression, anxiety, poor sleep quality) were assessed.

First Stability Characterization for a CZT Detection System in an ee Collider Environment.

The SIDDHARTA-2 collaboration has developed a novel X-ray detection system based on cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT, CdZnTe), marking the first application of this technology at the DAΦNE electron-positron collider at INFN-LNF. This work aims to demonstrate the stability of the detectors' performance in terms of linearity and resolution over short and long periods, thereby establishing their suitability for precise spectroscopic measurements within a collider environment. A reference calibration spectrum is presented in association with findings from assessments of linearity and resolution stability.

Multi-Analytical Approach for the Acid-Base, Thermal and Surface Properties Assessment of Waste Biomasses.

A multi-analytical approach was used to comprehensively characterize the acid-base, thermal, and surface properties of agri-food processing wastes (i.e., original and pre-treated bergamot, grape and olive pomaces).

Synthesis, fluorescence and theoretical insights into a novel FRET-based dansyl-rhodamine sensor for the in vitro detection of toxic bioaccumulated Hg(II) ions.

This work describes the successful design and synthesis of a new fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based sensor, denoted as RD1. This sensor incorporates a robust dual-fluorophore design, which combines a rhodamine and a dansyl derivative, functionalized with a thiosemicarbazide group that acts as Hg(II) specific recognition site. A synthetic pathway was developed that allowed the efficient synthesis of RD1 with a remarkable overall yield of 44% over four steps, through microwave-assisted protocols.

Bacteremic nosocomial pneumonia caused by Gram-negative bacilli: results from the nationwide ALARICO study in Italy.

Purpose: To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with nosocomial pneumonia (NP) caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) and to compare them to patients with NP caused by carbapenem-susceptible (CS)-GNB.

Methods: Prospective observational multicenter study including patients with bacteremic NP caused by GNB from the ALARICO Network (June 2018-January 2020). The primary outcome measure was 30-day mortality.

Halloysite Nanotube-Based Delivery of Pyrazolo[3,4-]pyrimidine Derivatives for Prostate and Bladder Cancer Treatment.

Background/objectives: The development of therapies targeting unregulated Src signaling through selective kinase inhibition using small-molecule inhibitors presents a significant challenge for the scientific community. Among these inhibitors, pyrazolo[3,4-]pyrimidine heterocycles have emerged as potent agents; however, their clinical application is hindered by low solubility in water. To overcome this limitation, some carrier systems, such as halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), can be used.

Ensiling as a Conservation Technique for (L.) By-Products: Peel and Pastazzo.

Italy is the third largest producer of Opuntia fruits in the world after Mexico and the United States, and 97.72% of these fruits produced by Italy are grown in Sicily. The use of prickly pear fruits or juice leads to a high production of by-products.

Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in Platinum-Sensitive Recurrent Ovarian Cancer: A Randomized Trial on Survival Evaluation (HORSE; MITO-18).

Purpose: To investigate whether the addition of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) to secondary cytoreductive surgery (SCS) without neoadjuvant chemotherapy has a benefit on progression-free survival (PFS), as opposed to SCS alone in patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer (platinum-free interval, >6 months).

Methods: This was a multicenter randomized phase III study. Random assignment was performed at the time of surgery in cases with residual tumor ≤0.

Deciphering the Ce to Ce Evolution: Insight from X-ray Raman Scattering Spectroscopy at Ce N Edges.

Cerium oxide, or ceria, (CeO) is one of the most studied materials for its wide range of applications in heterogeneous catalysis and energy conversion technologies. The key feature of ceria is the remarkable oxygen storage capacity linked to the switch between Ce and Ce states, in turn creating oxygen vacancies. Changes in the electronic structure occur with oxygen removal from the lattice.

Riparian vegetation entraps macroplastics along the entire river course: Implications for eco-safety activities and mitigation strategies.

Macroplastic litter causes detrimental effects on freshwater biota affecting human health. Despite the significant role of rivers in transporting plastic waste, most plastics remain in fluvial ecosystems, accumulating in infrastructure, river sediment, and (riverbank) vegetated areas. However, the entrapment of plastics by riparian vegetation was overlooked, particularly in upper and middle river courses.

[Treating and caring for migrant populations suffering from infectious diseases: the experience of the hub&spoke network set up by the Civico Benfratelli ARNAS Hospital in Palermo (Sicily Region, Southern Italy)].

This paper describes the experience carried out in a general hospital, implemented in collaboration with a city network of associations involved in the care of migrant populations. Considering the vulnerability of these populations, the difficulty of access to healthcare facilities, and the linguistic and cultural barriers, an organisational model was designed characterised by the concentration of highly complex care (hub centre) supported by a network of peripheral reception centres (spoke centres) responsible for selecting patients and sending them to the centre of reference with the aim of offering screening for sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, taking charge of pathologies, including non-infectious ones, treatment, and follow-up. The effectiveness of the model was measured in relation to the continuum of care and its effectiveness with reference to the Joint Commission International guidelines.

Composite Nanostructures for the Production of White Light.

In this work, two different composite nanostructures, YAG:Ce and GaInN, were prepared by the Urea Glass Route method and tested for the production of white light. The first composite was prepared by synthetizing the GaInN nanoparticles in the presence of YAG:Ce nanoparticles. The second one was prepared by synthetizing YAG:Ce nanoparticles in the presence of GaInN nanoparticles.

Mapping Italian high-altitude ponds.

Permanent and temporary ponds are considered peculiar ecosystems which provide important ecosystem functions, services, supporting biodiversity on small and large scales. Pond's conservation status is globally critical. Moreover, their ecological functioning and conservation status is frequently overlooked, because of the habitat small size, their seasonal occurrence and their unique appearance.

Clinical Efficacy of Isatuximab Plus Carfilzomib and Dexamethasone in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma Patients.

Isatuximab, a novel anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody, is approved in combination with carfilzomib and dexamethasone (Isa-Kd) in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) patients. Because of its recent introduction, real-world efficacy and safety are poorly reported. In this Italian multicenter real-life observational retrospective study, efficacy and safety of the Isa-Kd regimen were evaluated in a cohort of 103 RRMM patients.

Label-free impedimetric analysis of microplastics dispersed in aqueous media polluted by Pb ions.

The rapid differentiation between polluted and unpolluted microplastics (MPs) is critical for tracking their presence in the environment and underpinning their potential risks to humans. However, the quantitative analysis of polluted microplastics on the field is limited by the lack of rapid methods that do not need optical analysis nor their capture onto sophisticated electrochemical sensor platforms. Herein, a simple analytical approach for MPs dispersed in aqueous media leveraging electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis on screen-printed sensors is presented.

Design of innovative and low-cost dopamine-biotin conjugate sensor for the efficient detection of protein and cancer cells.

The rapid, precise identification and quantification of specific biomarkers, toxins, or pathogens is currently a key strategy for achieving more efficient diagnoses. Herein a dopamine-biotin monomer was synthetized and oxidized in the presence of hexamethylenediamine, to obtain adhesive coatings based on polydopamine-biotin (PDA-BT) on different materials to be used in targeted molecular therapy. Insight into the structure of the PDA-BT coating was obtained by solid-state C NMR spectroscopy acquired, for the first time, directly onto the coating, deposited on alumina spheres.