Actionable mutations in early-stage ovarian cancer according to the ESMO Scale for Clinical Actionability of molecular Targets (ESCAT): a descriptive analysis on a large prospective cohort.

Background: According to the European Society for Clinical Oncology (ESMO) guidelines, the therapeutic algorithm for early-stage epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) is primarily based on grading and histotype. Adjuvant chemotherapy is usually recommended for high-grade tumors and for the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IB-IC; however, overtreatment remains a concern. Conversely, patients truly at higher risk of recurrence currently lack access to additional therapeutic strategies.

Do Appendiceal Neuroendocrine Tumors Metastasize Post Appendectomy or Right Hemicolectomy?

Background: Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) of the appendix are typically detected incidentally during appendectomy. Recent studies reported no metachronous metastases among patients with primary tumors <2 cm, regardless of lymph node status or referral for completion hemicolectomy. However, questions persist regarding the possibility of metastases developing decades after surgical resection, particularly because appendiceal NETs are frequently diagnosed in young adults and children.

Exploring radiomic features of lateral cerebral ventricles in postmortem CT for postmortem interval estimation.

The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of radiomic features extracted from postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) scans of the lateral cerebral ventricles (LCVs) to provide information on the time since death, or postmortem interval (PMI), a critical aspect of forensic medicine. Periodic PMCT scans, referred to as "sequential scans", were obtained from twelve corpses with known times of death, ranging from 5.5 to 273 h postmortem.

Reliability of high-quantity human brain organoids for modeling microcephaly, glioma invasion and drug screening.

Brain organoids offer unprecedented insights into brain development and disease modeling and hold promise for drug screening. Significant hindrances, however, are morphological and cellular heterogeneity, inter-organoid size differences, cellular stress, and poor reproducibility. Here, we describe a method that reproducibly generates thousands of organoids across multiple hiPSC lines.

SGLT2 inhibition and adipose tissue metabolism: current outlook and perspectives.

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have emerged as important agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). SGLT2 inhibitors have been associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes, not only through their immediate hemodynamic effects-such as glycosuria and (at least temporary) increased natriuresis-but also due to their multifaceted impact on metabolism. Recently, studies have also focused on the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on adipose tissue.

Structural and functional alterations of neurons derived from sporadic Alzheimer's disease hiPSCs are associated with downregulation of the LIMK1-cofilin axis.

Background: Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of pathological proteins and synaptic dysfunction. This study aims to investigate the molecular and functional differences between human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) derived from patients with sporadic AD (sAD) and age-matched controls (healthy subjects, HS), focusing on their neuronal differentiation and synaptic properties in order to better understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying AD pathology.

Methods: Skin fibroblasts from sAD patients (n = 5) and HS subjects (n = 5) were reprogrammed into hiPSCs using non-integrating Sendai virus vectors.

Improving serum redox balance, inflammatory status, physical function, and cognitive ability through dual-task resistance training and detraining in nursing home residents.

Objective: This study investigated the effects of dual-task resistance training (RT) and detraining on physical function, cognitive capacity, lipid profile, renal function, oxidative stress markers, and chronic inflammation of institutionalized older adults.

Methods: The study involved 11 older adults (83.09 ± 8.

The impact of age, sex, and gender on polypharmacy and potential prescribing cascades: Lessons from five databases.

Background: Few studies describe how gender-related factors may contribute to polypharmacy and prescribing cascades. Describing these patterns using cross-national comparisons can improve the robustness of findings and provide lessons on the importance of considering age, sex, and gender in pharmacological research. The aim of the study was to explore the intersection of age, sex, and gender with polypharmacy and co-prescribing suggesting a potential prescribing cascade.

Effectiveness of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) as switch strategy in virologically-suppressed patients: real world data from a monocentric cohort.

Introduction: BIC/FTC/TAF showed efficacy and tolerability in randomized trials as a switch strategy in virologically-suppressed people living with HIV. We evaluated its effectiveness in a real-life setting.

Methods: A retrospective monocentric cohort including 431 virologically-suppressed (HIV-RNA <50 copies/ml) people switching to BIC/FTC/TAF in the period 2018-2022 was evaluated.

Deep sedation in lateral position for preterm infants during cerebral magnetic resonance imaging: a pilot study.

Introduction: Respiratory adverse events are common during the sedation of preterm babies, often needing active airway support. During magnetic resonance imaging, this occurrence could extend the acquisition time, with a negative impact on the thermic and metabolic homeostasis. The aim of the study is to verify if lying in a lateral position instead of supine could improve the safe quality of sedation, without worsening the quality of imaging.

Flow-diverting stents for the treatment of unruptured distal anterior cerebral artery aneurysms: analysis of the CRETA Registry.

Background: Data about the safety and the efficacy of flow diversion for distal anterior cerebral artery (DACA) aneurysms are limited. We present the largest multicenter analysis evaluating the outcomes of flow diversion in unruptured DACA aneurysm treatment.

Methods: Databases from 39 centers were retrospectively reviewed for unruptured DACA aneurysms treated with flow-diverting stents.

Application of a Generalized Additive Mixed Model (GAMM) in Timeseries Study of Dairy Cows' Behavior Under Hot Summer Conditions.

This study aimed at investigating the pattern of 6 behavioral parameters in Holstein dairy cows under heat stress (HS) conditions using a Generalized Additive Mixed Model (GAMM) statistical approach, while also evaluating the effectiveness of a commercial electrolyte, osmolyte, and antioxidant blend in mitigating HS-induced adverse effects. The trial was conducted during a severe Italian summer on 84 multiparous dairy cows in the Central Italy, divided into 4 balanced groups (2 treated and 2 control) of 21 cows each. All animals received the same diet, and the treatment groups were supplemented with 3,150 g/d of the additive.

Participants' Experience with Gamification Elements of a School-Based Health Promotion Intervention in Italy: A Mixed Methods Study.

Gamified interventions consist of a combination of game elements designed to motivate and engage users, thus addressing issues of participant low participation and enthusiasm in interventions. Gamification does not work well in all situations and its success depends on the context and target users. However, there is a lack of research on analog health interventions.

Actuation-Mediated Compression of a Mechanoresponsive Hydrogel by Soft Robotics to Control Release of Therapeutic Proteins.

Therapeutic proteins, the fastest growing class of pharmaceuticals, are subject to rapid proteolytic degradation in vivo, rendering them inactive. Sophisticated drug delivery systems that maintain protein stability, prolong therapeutic effects, and reduce administration frequency are urgently required. Herein, a mechanoresponsive hydrogel is developed contained within a soft robotic drug delivery (SRDD) device.

External Validation of the ISGPS Complexity Grading System for Minimally Invasive Pancreatoduodenectomy: Insights from the IGOMIPS registry.

Objective: To validate the ISGPS complexity grading system for minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy (MIPD).

Background: Although concerns about patient safety persist, MIPD is gaining popularity. The ISGPS recently introduced a difficulty grading system to improve patient selection by aligning procedural complexity with surgeon and center expertise.

Risk factors for benign uretero-enteric anastomotic strictures after open radical cystectomy and ileal conduit.

Introduction And Objective: Radical Cystectomy (RC) is one of the most common and complex surgical procedures in urologic surgery, and benign ureteroenteric anastomosis strictures (UAS) are complications described in about 15% of patients undergoing RC with different urinary diversion (UD). The aim of this study is to evaluate and analyze risk factors related to the development of ureteral stenosis after RC.

Materials And Methods: All consecutive patients who underwent RC with ileal conduit from December 2019 to December 2022 were included.

The Impact of Metaphors on Academic Text Comprehension: The Case of Students With Dyslexia.

Metaphor has long been used by scholars to make concepts more comprehensible. However, this use of figurative language has never been investigated in relation to the way students with dyslexia learn from academic texts. This study aims to assess the impact of metaphors on overall academic text comprehension in university students with and without dyslexia.

How Italian radiation oncologists use ChatGPT: a survey by the young group of the Italian association of radiotherapy and clinical oncology (yAIRO).

Purpose: To investigate the awareness and the spread of ChatGPT and its possible role in both scientific research and clinical practice among the young radiation oncologists (RO).

Material And Methods: An anonymous, online survey via Google Forms (including 24 questions) was distributed among young (< 40 years old) ROs in Italy through the yAIRO network, from March 15, 2024, to 31, 2024. These ROs were officially registered with yAIRO in 2023.

Immunoglobulin light chain mutational status refines IGHV prognostic value in identifying chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients with early treatment requirement.

The mutational status of immunoglobulin (IG) light chain genes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and its clinical impact have not been extensively studied. To assess their prognostic significance, the IG light chain gene repertoire in CLL patients has been evaluated using a training-validation approach. In the training cohort (N = 573 CLL), 92.

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Clinical Validation of TIME Criteria to Detect Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in Older Adults: Methodological Report from the TIME International Study Group.

Background: Various explicit screening tools, developed mostly in central Europe and the USA, assist clinicians in optimizing medication use for older adults. The Turkish Inappropriate Medication use in oldEr adults (TIME) criteria set, primarily based on the STOPP/START criteria set, is a current explicit tool originally developed for Eastern Europe and subsequently validated for broader use in Central European settings. Reviewed every three months to align with the latest scientific literature, it is one of the most up-to-date tools available.

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In urban areas, environmental exposures to air pollution, extreme temperatures and noise as well as socio-economic inequalities are amplified. Urban green spaces offer dual benefits: they help mitigate climate change and improve public health by fostering connection to nature, reducing noise and air pollution, mitigating the urban heat island effect, and promoting physical activity. Within the 2023 "Cobenefici di Salute ed equità a supporto dei piani di risposta ai cambiamenti climatici in Italia" project funded by the Ministry of Health, we identified health indicators to assess climate action co-benefits, including those on cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity, birth outcomes and mental health.

Type I spinal muscular atrophy and disease modifying treatments: a nationwide study in children born since 2016.

Background: The advent of disease-modifying treatments (DMT) has changed natural history in 5q Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). The aim of this study was to report survival and functional aspects in all the Italian type I children born since 2016.

Methods: The study included all symptomatic children with type I SMA born since January 1st, 2016, when DMTs became available in Italy.

Simultaneous care provision to patients with small cell lung cancer in Lazio region: Practical recommendations of a multidisciplinary group.

Small-Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) accounts for 15 % of all lung cancer cases. Due to comorbidities and its aggressive behaviour, patients are highly symptomatic even at a non-metastatic stage. Standardizing the care pathway and introducing a simultaneous care approach could address the unmet needs of this disease.