Electron Microscopy of Neurons on Biomimetic Substrates.

Recent advancements in nano- and microfabrication techniques have led to the development of highly biomimetic patterned substrates able to guide neuronal sprouting, routing, elongation, and branching. Such substrates, recapitulating shapes and geometries found in the native brain, may pave the way toward the development of cell instructive paradigms able to guide morphogenesis at the neuron-material interface. In this scenario, high-resolution electron microscopy approaches, owing to their ability of discerning the details of neural morphogenesis at a nanoscale resolution, may play a crucial role in unravelling the fine ultrastructure of neurons interfacing with biomimetic structured substrates.

How Accurate Are Simulations and Experiments for the Lattice Energies of Molecular Crystals?

Molecular crystals play a central role in a wide range of scientific fields, including pharmaceuticals and organic semiconductor devices. However, they are challenging systems to model accurately with computational approaches because of a delicate interplay of intermolecular interactions such as hydrogen bonding and Van der Waals dispersion forces. Here, by exploiting recent algorithmic developments, we report the first set of diffusion Monte Carlo lattice energies for all 23 molecular crystals in the popular and widely used X23 dataset.

Constraints on anomalous Higgs boson couplings from its production and decay using the WW channel in proton-proton collisions at .

A study of the anomalous couplings of the Higgs boson to vector bosons, including -violation effects, has been conducted using its production and decay in the WW channel. This analysis is performed on proton-proton collision data collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC during 2016-2018 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 138 . The different-flavor dilepton final state is analyzed, with dedicated categories targeting gluon fusion, electroweak vector boson fusion, and associated production with a W or Z boson.

Liver biochemical indexes and cholesterol metabolism in cystic fibrosis patients with F508del/CFTR variant genotype after elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor treatment.

Modulators of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) improved cystic fibrosis (CF) patients' outcome. The elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) combination was safe and effective improving lung function in patients with different CFTR genotypes, including at least one F508del mutation. However, cases with liver damage were reported.

First Measurement of ν_{e} and ν_{μ} Interaction Cross Sections at the LHC with FASER's Emulsion Detector.

The first results of the study of high-energy electron neutrino (ν_{e}) and muon neutrino (ν_{μ}) charged-current interactions in the FASERν emulsion-tungsten detector of the FASER experiment at the LHC are presented. A 128.8 kg subset of the FASERν volume was analyzed after exposure to 9.

Observation of the ϒ(3S) Meson and Suppression of ϒ States in Pb-Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV.

The production of ϒ(2S) and ϒ(3S) mesons in lead-lead (Pb-Pb) and proton-proton (pp) collisions is studied in their dimuon decay channel using the CMS detector at the LHC. The ϒ(3S) meson is observed for the first time in Pb-Pb collisions, with a significance above 5 standard deviations. The ratios of yields measured in Pb-Pb and pp collisions are reported for both the ϒ(2S) and ϒ(3S) mesons, as functions of transverse momentum and Pb-Pb collision centrality.

Search for and production in the final state using proton-proton collisions at .

A search for and production in the final state is presented, where H is the standard model (SM) Higgs boson. The search uses an event sample of proton-proton collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 133 collected at a center-of-mass energy of 13 with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. The analysis introduces several novel techniques for deriving and validating a multi-dimensional background model based on control samples in data.

Polymer physics models reveal structural folding features of single-molecule gene chromatin conformations.

Here, we employ polymer physics models of chromatin to investigate the 3D folding of a 2Mb wide genomic region encompassing the human gene, a crucial DNA locus involved in key cellular functions. Through extensive Molecular Dynamics simulations, we reconstruct in-silico the ensemble of single-molecule 3D structures, which we benchmark against recent in-situ Hi-C 2.0 data.

A Learned-SVD Approach to the Electromagnetic Inverse Source Problem.

We propose an artificial intelligence approach based on deep neural networks to tackle a canonical 2D scalar inverse source problem. The learned singular value decomposition (L-SVD) based on hybrid autoencoding is considered. We compare the reconstruction performance of L-SVD to the Truncated SVD (TSVD) regularized inversion, which is a canonical regularization scheme, to solve an ill-posed linear inverse problem.

Radiative losses and radiation-reaction effects at the first post-Newtonian order in Einstein-Cartan theory.

Gravitational radiation-reaction phenomena occurring in the dynamics of inspiralling compact binary systems are investigated at the first post-Newtonian order beyond the quadrupole approximation in the context of Einstein-Cartan theory, where quantum spin effects are modeled via the Weyssenhoff fluid. We exploit balance equations for the energy and angular momentum to determine the binary orbital decay until the two bodies collide. Our framework deals with both quasi-elliptic and quasi-circular trajectories, which are then smoothly connected.

Engineering quantum states from a spatially structured quantum eraser.

Quantum interference is a central resource in many quantum-enhanced tasks, from computation to communication. While usually occurring between identical photons, it can also be enabled by performing projective measurements that render the photons indistinguishable, a process known as quantum erasing. Structured light forms another hallmark of photonics, achieved by manipulating the degrees of freedom of light, and enables a multitude of applications in both classical and quantum regimes.

Search for Narrow Trijet Resonances in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.

The first search for singly produced narrow resonances decaying to three well-separated hadronic jets is presented. The search uses proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138  fb^{-1} at sqrt[s]=13  TeV, collected at the CERN LHC. No significant deviations from the background predictions are observed between 1.

Neisserial adhesin A (NadA) binds human Siglec-5 and Siglec-14 with high affinity and promotes bacterial adhesion/invasion.

Neisserial adhesin A (NadA) is a meningococcal surface protein included as recombinant antigen in 4CMenB, a protein-based vaccine able to induce protective immune responses against serogroup B (MenB). Although NadA is involved in the adhesion/invasion of epithelial cells and human myeloid cells, its function in meningococcal physiology is still poorly understood. To clarify the role played by NadA in the host-pathogen interaction, we sought to identify its cellular receptors.

Clinical, Radiologic, and Surgical Features of Brain Metastases in Colorectal Cancer. A Strong Correlation Between Surgical Patterns and Outcome.

Background: Brain metastases (BMs) from colorectal cancer (CRC) are a small percentage of metastatic patients and surgery is considered the best choice to improve survival. While most research has focused on the risk of CRC spreading to the brain, no studies have examined the characteristics of BMs in relation to surgery and outcome. In this study, we evaluate the clinical and radiologic features of BMs from CRC patients who underwent surgery and analyze their outcomes.

3D-localization of single point-like gamma sources with a coded aperture camera.

3D-localization of gamma sources has the potential to improve the outcome of radio-guided surgery. The goal of this paper is to analyze the localization accuracy for point-like sources with a single coded aperture camera.We both simulated and measured a point-like241Am source at 17 positions distributed within the field of view of an experimental gamma camera.

THz Generation by Two-Color Plasma: Time Shaping and Ultra-Broadband Polarimetry.

The generation of terahertz radiation via laser-induced plasma from two-color femtosecond pulses in air has been extensively studied due to its broad emission spectrum and significant pulse energy. However, precise control over the temporal properties of these ultra-broadband terahertz pulses, as well as the measurement of their polarization state, remain challenging. In this study, we review our latest findings on these topics and present additional results not previously reported in our earlier works.

Potential of Polar Lipids Isolated from the Marine Sponge () against Melanoma.

Marine sponges represent a good source of natural metabolites for biotechnological applications in the pharmacological, cosmeceutical, and nutraceutical fields. In the present work, we analyzed the biotechnological potential of the alien species () de Weerdt, de Kluijver & Gomez, 1999, previously collected in the Mediterranean Sea (Faro Lake, Sicily). The bioactivity and chemical content of this species has never been investigated, and information in the literature on its Caribbean counterpart is scarce.

Structure Revision of the Fungal Phytotoxin Cavoxin and of Its Corresponding Chroman-4-one Cavoxone by X-ray Crystallography.

Cavoxin () was isolated as the main phytotoxin produced by Schulzer, a toxigenic fungus isolated from spp. Its structure was determined by 1D NMR and MS in 1985 along with that of the corresponding chroman-4-one cavoxone (), an artifact formed by acid treatment of . Since that time cavoxin was shown to be phytotoxic, antifungal, antifeedant, herbicidal, and antirust with potential application in agriculture and medicine.

Search for Baryon Number Violation in Top Quark Production and Decay Using Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.

A search is presented for baryon number violating interactions in top quark production and decay. The analysis uses data from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC with an integrated luminosity of 138  fb^{-1}. Candidate events are selected by requiring two oppositely charged leptons (electrons or muons) and exactly one jet identified as originating from a bottom quark.

Targetable domains for the design of peptide-dendrimer inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2.

We have recently witnessed that considerable progresses have been made in the rapid detection and appropriate treatments of COVID-19, but still this virus remains one of the main targets of world research. Based on the knowledge of the complex mechanism of viral infection we designed peptide-dendrimer inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2with the aim to block cell infection through interfering with the host-pathogen interactions. We used two different strategies: i) the first one aims at hindering the virus anchorage to the human cell; ii) the second -strategy points to interfere with the mechanism of virus-cell membrane fusion.

Topographic Patterns of Intracranial Meningioma Recurrences-Systematic Review with Clinical Implication.

Background: While several risk factors for recurrences have been defined, the topographic pattern of meningioma recurrences after surgical resection has been scarcely investigated. The possibility of theoretically predicting the site of recurrence not only allows us to better understand the pathogenetic bases of the disease and consequently to drive the development of new targeted therapies, but also guides the decision-making process for treatment strategies and tailored follow-ups to decrease/prevent recurrence.

Methods: The authors performed a comprehensive and detailed systematic literature review of the EMBASE and MEDLINE electronic online databases regarding the topographic pattern of recurrence after surgical treatment for intracranial meningiomas.