Characterisation of Alloy Composition of Protohistoric Small Boat Models from Sardinia (Italy).

The Sardinian protohistoric civilisation (Final Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age) has greatly contributed to the development of metallurgy in the Mediterranean area by producing a large number of bronze artefacts. Among them, small boat models (so-called "navicelle") represent one of the most characteristic objects from the Sardinian Protohistoric civilisation. This work is an attempt to classify these boats on the basis of their alloy composition, provenience, and morphology.

Sublimation Study of Six 5-Substituted-1,10-Phenanthrolines by Knudsen Effusion Mass Loss and Solution Calorimetry.

The vapor pressures of six solid 5-X-1,10-phenanthrolines (where X = Cl, CH, CN, OCH, NH, NO) were determined in suitable temperature ranges by Knudsen Effusion Mass Loss (KEML). From the temperature dependencies of vapor pressure, the molar sublimation enthalpies, Δ(⟨⟩), were calculated at the corresponding average ⟨⟩ of the explored temperature ranges. Since to the best of our knowledge no thermochemical data seem to be available in the literature regarding these compounds, the Δ(⟨⟩) values obtained by KEML experiments were adjusted to 298.

A review of the phytochemistry, ethnopharmacology and biological activities of genus (Germander).

L (Lamiaceae) is mainly distributed in the Mediterranean area. A comprehensive survey in the electronic databases (during 2000-2020 years) with keywords of '' and 'Germander' showed that chemical analyses are available for 27 species, with sesquiterpenoids, iridoids, di and triterpenoids, and phenolic compounds as identified structures. The -clerodane diterpenoids as potential chemotaxonomic markers were the main compounds of this genus.

Insights into the Anaerobic Hydrolysis Process for Extracting Embedded EPS and Metals from Activated Sludge.

The amount of sewage sludge generated from wastewater treatment plants globally is unavoidably increasing. In recent years, significant attention has been paid to the biorefinery concept based on the conversion of waste streams to high-value products, material, and energy by microorganisms. However, one of the most significant challenges in the field is the possibility of controlling the microorganisms' pathways in the anaerobic environment.

A Review of Remote Intracerebral Hemorrhage after Chronic Subdural Hematoma Evacuation.

Background:  Remote intracerebral hemorrhage (RICH) is a severe complication following chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) drainage, and only case reports and small case series have been reported to date. The authors present an emblematic patient affected by RICH following cSDH drainage. A systematic review of the literature on diagnosis and management of patients affected by RICH following cSDH evacuation has also been performed.

Two Faces of the Same Coin: Coupling X-Ray Absorption and NMR Spectroscopies to Investigate the Exchange Reaction Between Prototypical Cu Coordination Complexes.

The satisfactory rationalization of complex reactive pathways in solution chemistry may greatly benefit from the combined use of advanced experimental and theoretical complementary methods of analysis. In this work, we combine X-Ray Absorption and H NMR spectroscopies with state-of-the-art Multivariate Curve Resolution and theoretical analyses to gain a comprehensive view on a prototypical reaction involving the variation of the oxidation state and local structure environment of a selected metal ion coordinated by organic ligands. Specifically, we investigate the 2-cyano-2-phenylpropanoic acid reduction of the octahedral complex established by the Cu ion with terpyridine to the tetrahedral complex formed by Cu and neocuproine.

Endovascular treatment beyond 24 hours from the onset of acute ischemic stroke: the Italian Registry of Endovascular Thrombectomy in Acute Stroke (IRETAS).

Background: Clinical trials and observational studies have demonstrated the benefit of thrombectomy up to 16 or 24 hours after the patient was last known to be well. This study aimed to evaluate the outcome of stroke patients treated beyond 24 hours from onset.

Methods: We analyzed the outcome of 34 stroke patients (mean age 70.

Emerging and Established Trends to Support Secure Health Information Exchange.

This work aims to provide information, guidelines, established practices and standards, and an extensive evaluation on new and promising technologies for the implementation of a secure information sharing platform for health-related data. We focus strictly on the technical aspects and specifically on the sharing of health information, studying innovative techniques for secure information sharing within the health-care domain, and we describe our solution and evaluate the use of blockchain methodologically for integrating within our implementation. To do so, we analyze health information sharing within the concept of the PANACEA project that facilitates the design, implementation, and deployment of a relevant platform.

Estimated 10-year cardiovascular risk in a large Italian cohort of rheumatoid arthritis patients: Data from the Cardiovascular Obesity and Rheumatic DISease (CORDIS) Study Group.

Background: Several cardiovascular (CV) risk algorithms are available to predict CV events in the general population. However, their performance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) might differ from the general population. This cross-sectional multicentre study aimed to estimate the 10-year CV risk using two different algorithms in a large RA cohort and in patients with osteoarthritis (OA).

Magnetic resonance imaging before breast cancer surgery: results of an observational multicenter international prospective analysis (MIPA).

Objectives: Preoperative breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can inform surgical planning but might cause overtreatment by increasing the mastectomy rate. The Multicenter International Prospective Analysis (MIPA) study investigated this controversial issue.

Methods: This observational study enrolled women aged 18-80 years with biopsy-proven breast cancer, who underwent MRI in addition to conventional imaging (mammography and/or breast ultrasonography) or conventional imaging alone before surgery as routine practice at 27 centers.

Ionization of 2- and 4(5)-Nitroimidazoles Radiosensitizers: A "Kinetic Competition" Between NO and NO Losses.

Nitroimidazoles are a class of chemicals with a remarkable broad spectrum of applications from the production of explosives to the use as radiosensitizers in radiotherapy. The understanding of thedynamics of their fragmentation induced by ionizing sources is of fundamental interest. The goal of this work is to theoretically investigate the kinetic competition between the two most important decomposition channels of 2, 4 and 5-Nitroimidazole cations: the NO and NO losses.

First characterization of a Bronze Age textile fibre from Sardinia (Italy).

This paper describes a case study of a linen yarn found inside a spiral bronze necklace fragment during an excavation campaign in la Prisgiona, a Nuragic settlement, near Arzachena, in north-east Sardinia. The site is one of the most interesting settlements of the Nuragic period. Abandoned after a fire, it was no longer inhabited, thus allowing the preservation of the Nuragic stratigraphy.

Insights into the expanding phenotypic spectrum of inherited disorders of biogenic amines.

Inherited disorders of neurotransmitter metabolism are rare neurodevelopmental diseases presenting with movement disorders and global developmental delay. This study presents the results of the first standardized deep phenotyping approach and describes the clinical and biochemical presentation at disease onset as well as diagnostic approaches of 275 patients from the registry of the International Working Group on Neurotransmitter related Disorders. The results reveal an increased rate of prematurity, a high risk for being small for gestational age and for congenital microcephaly in some disorders.

SMA-miRs (miR-181a-5p, -324-5p, and -451a) are overexpressed in spinal muscular atrophy skeletal muscle and serum samples.

Background: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disorder characterized by the degeneration of the second motor neuron. The phenotype ranges from very severe to very mild forms. All patients have the homozygous loss of the gene and a variable number of (generally 2-4 copies), inversely related to the severity.

Axillary lymphadenopathy at the time of COVID-19 vaccination: ten recommendations from the European Society of Breast Imaging (EUSOBI).

Unilateral axillary lymphadenopathy is a frequent mild side effect of COVID-19 vaccination. European Society of Breast Imaging (EUSOBI) proposes ten recommendations to standardise its management and reduce unnecessary additional imaging and invasive procedures: (1) in patients with previous history of breast cancer, vaccination should be performed in the contralateral arm or in the thigh; (2) collect vaccination data for all patients referred to breast imaging services, including patients undergoing breast cancer staging and follow-up imaging examinations; (3) perform breast imaging examinations preferentially before vaccination or at least 12 weeks after the last vaccine dose; (4) in patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer, apply standard imaging protocols regardless of vaccination status; (5) in any case of symptomatic or imaging-detected axillary lymphadenopathy before vaccination or at least 12 weeks after, examine with appropriate imaging the contralateral axilla and both breasts to exclude malignancy; (6) in case of axillary lymphadenopathy contralateral to the vaccination side, perform standard work-up; (7) in patients without breast cancer history and no suspicious breast imaging findings, lymphadenopathy only ipsilateral to the vaccination side within 12 weeks after vaccination can be considered benign or probably-benign, depending on clinical context; (8) in patients without breast cancer history, post-vaccination lymphadenopathy coupled with suspicious breast finding requires standard work-up, including biopsy when appropriate; (9) in patients with breast cancer history, interpret and manage post-vaccination lymphadenopathy considering the timeframe from vaccination and overall nodal metastatic risk; (10) complex or unclear cases should be managed by the multidisciplinary team.

Cross-sectional analysis of follow-up chest MRI and chest CT scans in patients previously affected by COVID-19.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to prospectively evaluate the agreement between chest magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) and to assess the diagnostic performance of chest MRI relative to that of CT during the follow-up of patients recovered from coronavirus disease 2019.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-two patients underwent both follow-up chest CT and MRI scans, evaluated for ground-glass opacities (GGOs), consolidation, interlobular septal thickening, fibrosis, pleural indentation, vessel enlargement, bronchiolar ectasia, and changes compared to prior CT scans. DWI/ADC was evaluated for signal abnormalities suspicious for inflammation.

Assessment of intellectual impairment, health-related quality of life, and behavioral phenotype in patients with neurotransmitter related disorders: Data from the iNTD registry.

Inherited disorders of neurotransmitter metabolism are a group of rare diseases, which are caused by impaired synthesis, transport, or degradation of neurotransmitters or cofactors and result in various degrees of delayed or impaired psychomotor development. To assess the effect of neurotransmitter deficiencies on intelligence, quality of life, and behavior, the data of 148 patients in the registry of the International Working Group on Neurotransmitter Related Disorders (iNTD) was evaluated using results from standardized age-adjusted tests and questionnaires. Patients with a primary disorder of monoamine metabolism had lower IQ scores (mean IQ 58, range 40-100) within the range of cognitive impairment (<70) compared to patients with a BH deficiency (mean IQ 84, range 40-129).

Individual EEG profiling of attention deficits in left spatial neglect: A pilot study.

Electrophysiological group studies in brain-damaged patients can be run to capture the EEG correlates of specific cognitive impairments. Nonetheless, this procedure is not adequate to characterize the inter-individual variability present in major neuropsychological syndromes. We tested the possibility of getting a reliable individual EEG characterization of deficits of endogenous orienting of spatial attention in right-brain damaged (RBD) patients with left spatial neglect (N+).

Time-programmable pH: decarboxylation of nitroacetic acid allows the time-controlled rising of pH to a definite value.

In this report it is shown that nitroacetic acid (ONCHCOH) can be conveniently used to control the pH of a water solution over time. Time-programmable sequences of the kind pH-pH-pH can be achieved, where both the extent of the initial pH jump (pH-pH) and the time required for the subsequent pH rising (pH-pH) can be predictably controlled by a judicious choice of the absolute and relative concentrations of the reagents (acid and NaOH). Successive pH-pH-pH sequences can be obtained by subsequent additions of acid .

Impact of chronic use of heat-not-burn cigarettes on oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and platelet activation: the SUR-VAPES Chronic Study.

Tobacco habit still represents the leading preventable cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Heat-not-burn cigarettes (HNBCs) are considered as an alternative to traditional combustion cigarettes (TCCs) due to the lack of combustion and the absence of combustion-related specific toxicants. The aim of this observational study was to assess the effect of HNBC on endothelial function, oxidative stress and platelet activation in chronic adult TCC smokers and HNBC users.

On-column quantification of amino functionalities bonded to solid porous matrices packed within high performance liquid chromatography columns.

Stationary phases (SPs) based on silica matrices functionalized with amino groups linked to their surface through alkyl chains of various length have found remarkable success in performing HILIC separations, showing really effective resolution towards a wide typology of compounds of biological interest, such as carbohydrates, nucleosides, purine and pyrimidine bases. Recently, we developed an operationally simple procedure, named DNBA-M, non-destructive for the analysed SP, designed to quantify the density of basic groups (typically amino groups) chemically bonded to the surface of porous solids. In the present study the DNBA-M procedure has been suitably modified to allow the quantification of any typology of amino groups present on silica matrices packed into HPLC columns.

New horizons for catalysis disclosed by supramolecular chemistry.

The adoption of a supramolecular approach in catalysis promises to address a number of unmet challenges, ranging from activity (unlocking of novel reaction pathways) to selectivity (alteration of the innate selectivity of a reaction, e.g. selective functionalization of C-H bonds) and regulation (switch ON/OFF, sequential catalysis, etc.

Competition Between C -S and C -C Bond Cleavage in β-Hydroxysulfoxides Cation Radicals Generated by Photoinduced Electron Transfer.

A kinetic and product study of the 3-cyano-N-methyl-quinolinium photoinduced monoelectronic oxidation of a series of β-hydroxysulfoxides has been carried out to investigate the competition between C -S and C -C bond cleavage within the corresponding cation radicals. Laser flash photolysis experiments unequivocally established the formation of sulfoxide cation radicals showing their absorption band (λ ≈ 520 nm) and that of 3-CN-NMQ (λ ≈ 390 nm). Steady-state photolysis experiments suggest that, in contrast to what previously observed for alkyl phenyl sulfoxide cation radicals that exclusively undergo C -S bond cleavage, the presence of a β-hydroxy group makes, in some cases, the C -C scission competitive.

West Nile and Usutu viruses co-circulation in central Italy: outcomes of the 2018 integrated surveillance.

Background: West Nile (WNV) and Usutu (USUV) are emerging vector-borne zoonotic flaviviruses. They are antigenically very similar, sharing the same life cycle with birds as amplification host, Culicidae as vector, and man/horse as dead-end host. They can co-circulate in an overlapping geographic range.