Characterization of cognitive functioning in complex PTSD compared to non-complex PTSD.

Background: Previous research has indicated cognitive impairments in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), specifically in attention, memory, and executive functioning. However, there is limited knowledge about the cognitive profile of individuals with complex PTSD (cPTSD), a new diagnosis in ICD-11. Moreover, predictors of cognitive impairment remain unclear.

The impact of climate change on vulnerable populations in pediatrics: opportunities for AI, digital health, and beyond-a scoping review and selected case studies.

Climate change critically impacts global pediatric health, presenting unique and escalating challenges due to children's inherent vulnerabilities and ongoing physiological development. This scoping review intricately intertwines the spheres of climate change, pediatric health, and Artificial Intelligence (AI), with a goal to elucidate the potential of AI and digital health in mitigating the adverse child health outcomes induced by environmental alterations, especially in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). A notable gap is uncovered: literature directly correlating AI interventions with climate change-impacted pediatric health is scant, even though substantial research exists at the confluence of AI and health, and health and climate change respectively.

Increased plasma DOPA decarboxylase levels in Lewy body disorders are driven by dopaminergic treatment.

DOPA Decarboxylase (DDC) has been proposed as a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker with increased concentrations in Lewy body disorders (LBDs) and highest levels in patients receiving dopaminergic treatment. Here we evaluate plasma DDC, measured by proximity extension assay, and the effect of dopaminergic treatment in three independent LBD (with a focus on dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease (PD)) cohorts: an autopsy-confirmed cohort (n = 71), a large multicenter, cross-dementia cohort (n = 1498) and a longitudinal cohort with detailed treatment information (n = 66, median follow-up time[IQR] = 4[4, 4] years). Plasma DDC was not altered between different LBDs and other disease groups or controls in absence of treatment.

Protective Coating of Single-Crystalline Ni-Rich Cathode Enables Fast Charging in All-Solid-State Batteries.

Improving interfacial stability between cathode active material (CAM) and solid electrolyte (SE) is vital for developing high-performance all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs), with compatibility issues among the cell components representing a major challenge. CAM surface coating with a chemically inert ion conductor is a promising approach to suppress side reactions occurring at the cathode interfaces. Another strategy to mitigate mechanical degradation involves utilizing single-crystalline particle morphologies.

Early-onset sleep alterations found in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are ameliorated by orexin antagonist in mouse models.

Sleep alterations have been described in several neurodegenerative diseases yet are currently poorly characterized in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This study investigates sleep macroarchitecture and related hypothalamic signaling disruptions in ALS. Using polysomnography, we found that both patients with ALS as well as asymptomatic and mutation carriers exhibited increased wakefulness and reduced non-rapid eye movement sleep.

Terminal complement complex deposition on chondrocytes promotes premature senescence in age- and trauma-related osteoarthritis.

Background: The complement system is locally activated after joint injuries and leads to the deposition of the terminal complement complex (TCC). Sublytic TCC deposition is associated with phenotypical alterations of human articular chondrocytes (hAC) and enhanced release of inflammatory cytokines. Chronic inflammation is a known driver of chondrosenescence in osteoarthritis (OA).

Clinical Presentation and Course of Pulmonary Involvement in Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis.

Objective: Pulmonary involvement in chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) is rare. Limited awareness results in diagnostic challenges, especially because malignancy or infection needs to be considered.

Methods: Based on a survey shared among centers participating in the Kerndokumentation Deutsches Rheumaforschungszentrum (Germany), this study investigated clinical and imaging presentations, demographic features, treatment response and outcomes of pulmonary involvement in CNO (pCNO).

Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG): indications and results-a systematic review.

Obesity is a major global health problem and at the same time a financial burden for social security systems. For a long time, conventional lifestyle interventions have tried unsuccessfully to find a solution. It has been proven that only interventions that ultimately address the central control centers of hunger, appetite and satiety will lead to sustained weight loss.

Multi-tasking costs in triple-task performance despite dual-task preparation.

This study explores multi-tasking by examining the effects of transitioning from dual-task to triple-task scenarios. Our research extends beyond conventional dual-task paradigms to investigate the impact of triple-task performance on two participant groups: those unprepared in single, dual, or triple tasks (N = 14) and those previously prepared in single and dual tasks (N = 13). The study consisted of a preparation phase with nine sessions and an assessment phase with eight sessions.

A Digital Tool (Technology-Assisted Problem Management Plus) for Lay Health Workers to Address Common Mental Health Disorders: Co-production and Usability Study in Pakistan.

Background: Mental health remains among the top 10 leading causes of disease burden globally, and there is a significant treatment gap due to limited resources, stigma, limited accessibility, and low perceived need for treatment. Problem Management Plus, a World Health Organization-endorsed brief psychological intervention for mental health disorders, has been shown to be effective and cost-effective in various countries globally but faces implementation challenges, such as quality control in training, supervision, and delivery. While digital technologies to foster mental health care have the potential to close treatment gaps and address the issues of quality control, their development requires context-specific, interdisciplinary, and participatory approaches to enhance impact and acceptance.

Robotic Anatomical Segment VIII Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using the Scissor Hepatectomy Technique.

Background: Robotic hepatectomy has been increasingly adopted for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the ideal technique of parenchymal transection in robotic hepatectomy has been a matter of ongoing debate in literature.

Patients And Methods: In this video, we demonstrate the technique of robotic anatomical segment VIII resection using the scissor hepatectomy technique for parenchymal transection on a 75-year-old male patient with a solitary HCC lesion.

Characterization of a primary cellular airway model for inhalative drug delivery in comparison with the established permanent cell lines CaLu3 and RPMI 2650.

Purpose: For optimization of respiratory drug delivery, the selection of suitable in vitro cell models plays an important role in predicting the efficacy and safety of (bio)pharmaceutics and pharmaceutical formulations. Therefore, an in-depth comparison of different primary and permanent in vitro cellular airway models was performed with a focus on selecting a suitable model for inhalative antibodies.

Methods: Primary cells isolated from the porcine trachea were compared with the established human cell lines CaLu3 and RPMI 2650.

Alcohol drinking leads to sex-dependent differentiation of T cells.

Objective: Global per capita alcohol consumption is increasing, posing significant socioeconomic and medical challenges also due to alcohol-related traumatic injuries but also its biological effects. Trauma as a leading cause of death in young adults, is often associated with an increased risk of complications, such as sepsis and multiple organ failure, due to immunological imbalances. Regulatory T cells play a crucial role in maintaining immune homeostasis by regulating the inflammatory response.

[Optical coherence tomography biomarkers for neovascular age-related macular degeneration : Relevance for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis].

Comprehensive multimodal imaging is essential for the precise clinical diagnostics of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Noninvasive optical coherence tomography (OCT) is of prime importance regarding the baseline examination, follow-up and monitoring during treatment. The OCT imaging in nAMD eyes enables a high-resolution assessment of the retinal micromorphology, which can be considerably disturbed in different layers.

Effective eradication of acute myeloid leukemia stem cells with FLT3-directed antibody-drug conjugates.

Refractory disease and relapse are major challenges in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) therapy attributed to survival of leukemic stem cells (LSC). To target LSCs, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) provide an elegant solution, combining the specificity of antibodies with highly potent payloads. We aimed to investigate if FLT3-20D9h3-ADCs delivering either the DNA-alkylator duocarmycin (DUBA) or the microtubule-toxin monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF) can eradicate quiescent LSCs.

A Short Cognitive and Neuropsychiatric Assessment Scale for Progressive Supranuclear Palsy.

Background: Patients with Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) suffer from several neuropsychological impairments. These mainly affect the frontal lobe and subcortical brain structures. However, a scale for the assessment of cognitive and neuropsychiatric disability in PSP is still missing.

Early-life adversity as a predictor of fibromyalgia syndrome: the central role of perceived stress over endocrine stress indicators.

This study investigates the associations between early childhood adversities, stress perception, and fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). Although the interconnection between dysregulated stress systems and FMS is well documented, the interconnection between early adversities and FMS remains less understood. This study explores the relationship of early-life stress and FMS by examining its mediation through perceived stress, and acute and chronic endocrine stress indicators.

Pilot study on the development of digitally supported health promotion for seafarers on sea.

Background: Seafarers are exposed to a variety of job-specific physical and psychosocial stressors. Health promotion on board is of great importance for the salutogenesis of this occupational group. Due to the difficult accessibility of seafarers, electronically supported health management can be highly valuable.

ILCOR World Restart a Heart - Spreading global CPR awareness and empowering communities to save lives since 2018.

The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) World Restart a Heart (WRAH) Initiative is helping to save countless lives by promoting a culture of preparedness and encouraging widespread lay cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training. In total from 2018 to 2023 at least 12.6 million people were trained, and 570.

Dehydroxylated Polyvinyl Alcohol Separator Enables Fast Kinetics in Zinc-Metal Batteries.

Separators are critical components of zinc-metal batteries (ZMBs). Despite their high ionic conductivity and excellent electrolyte retention, the widely used glass fiber (GF) membranes suffer from poor mechanical stability and cannot suppress dendrite growth, leading to rapid battery failure. Contrarily, polymer-based separators offer superior mechanical strength and facilitate more homogeneous zinc (Zn) deposition.

Development of PFAS-Free Locally Concentrated Ionic Liquid Electrolytes for High-Energy Lithium and Aluminum Metal Batteries.

ConspectusLithium-ion batteries (LIBs) based on graphite anodes are a widely used state-of-the-art battery technology, but their energy density is approaching theoretical limits, prompting interest in lithium-metal batteries (LMBs) that can achieve higher energy density. In addition, the limited availability of lithium reserves raises supply concerns; therefore, research on postlithium metal batteries is underway. A major issue with these metal anodes, including lithium, is dendritic formation and insufficient reversibility, which leads to safety risks due to short circuits and the use of flammable electrolytes.

Longitudinal omics data and preclinical treatment suggest the proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib as therapy for ibrutinib-resistant CLL.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a malignant lymphoproliferative disorder for which primary or acquired drug resistance represents a major challenge. To investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms, we generate a mouse model of ibrutinib resistance, in which, after initial treatment response, relapse under therapy occurrs with an aggressive outgrowth of malignant cells, resembling observations in patients. A comparative analysis of exome, transcriptome and proteome of sorted leukemic murine cells during treatment and after relapse suggests alterations in the proteasome activity as a driver of ibrutinib resistance.

Breast cancer outcomes after skin- and nipple-sparing mastectomy in BRCA pathogenic mutation carriers versus non-BRCA carriers.

Unlabelled: Our previous study on breast cancer BRCA carriers disclosed a high local recurrence (LR) rate in patients who underwent skin sparing (SSM) or nipple sparing mastectomy (NSM) without postoperative radiation therapy (RT), compared to breast conservation surgery or mastectomy with RT. The current study compares the LR rates in BRCA versus non BRCA carriers after SSM/NSM in relation the receipt of RT.

Methods: The study was approved by the institutional ethics committee.