Transabdominal Preperitoneal (TAPP) Compared to Totally Extraperitoneal (TEP) for Primary Inguinal Hernia Repair in a Military Hospital: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Inguinal hernias are encountered commonly, but there is a lack of uniformity and standardization in repair techniques. There are a variety of repair methods, from open methods to laparoscopic approaches. The available laparoscopic techniques that exist for inguinal hernia repair are transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) repair and totally extraperitoneal (TEP) repair.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent clinical disorder characterized by intermittent airway obstruction during sleep, resulting in hypoxemia and hypercapnia. Although OSA is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, such as hypertension, the precise nature of this relationship remains uncertain. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the potential links between OSA and cardiovascular outcomes by synthesizing data from recent prospective studies.

Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome in an 11-Year-Old Boy: A Case Report.

Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome (SMAS) is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition caused by the compression of the duodenum by the superior mesenteric artery. We report a case of an 11-year-old male who complaint of abdominal pain and intermittent vomiting for last 3 weeks. Diagnosis of SMAS was made with the help of radiological findings.

Guillain-Barre syndrome following COVID-19 vaccination: a study of 70 case reports.

Background And Objective: Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) has been found to have some interesting association with vaccinations. This paper mainly focuses on exploring different associations between COVID-19 vaccination and GBS.

Methods: Electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane, and Embase were searched using MESH terms for case reports published till 1 August 2023 from which 70 case reports were documented involving 103 individuals from 23 different countries.

Eyelid Lesion of Molluscum contagiosum: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a common viral infection in children that affects the skin and oral mucous membranes. It is caused by the molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV), a double-stranded DNA virus in the family. Transmission takes place via direct skin contact, self-inoculation, and exposure to contaminated objects.

Anti-inflammatory Role of Trypsin, Rutoside, and Bromelain Combination in Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review.

The objective of this systematic review was to assess the effectiveness, acceptability, and safety of systemic enzyme therapy, consisting of trypsin, bromelain, and rutoside trihydrate, as an anti-inflammatory agent, either when utilized independently or in conjunction with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). This systematic review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Two studies met the inclusion criteria and were assessed in the review.

Hypovitaminosis D among Blood Samples of Patients Presenting to the Department of Biochemistry of a Tertiary Care Center.

Introduction: Hypovitaminosis D is a global public health problem affecting approximately one billion people, with a particularly high prevalence in South Asia. Several hospital-based studies from Nepal show a high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D. However, large-scale community-based studies are lacking.

Osteochondroma of the Mandibular Condyle: A Rare Case Presentation With Literature Review.

Osteochondromas (OCs) are benign bone tumors characterized by their growth with a cartilage cap and typically occurring at the ends of long bones. Their occurrence in the head and neck region is infrequent, accounting for only around 1% of head and neck tumors. Notably, the mandibular coronoid process and the mandibular condyle are the primary sites where an OC is reported.

Depression and Its Determinants among Postpartum Mothers Attending at Universal College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, Bhairahawa, Rupandehi, Nepal.

Background: Postpartum depression is a serious mental health issue linked to maternal morbidity and negative effects for infant's normal growth, development, and well-being. This study is aimed at assessing the prevalence and factors associated with postpartum depression among mothers attending a tertiary hospital in Nepal.

Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 173 postpartum mothers (<6 weeks postdelivery) who were receiving care either at the postnatal ward or immunization clinic of Universal College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital in Bhairahawa, Rupandehi district, Nepal.

Mean Bone Density in Interadicular Areas of Maxilla among Patients Visiting Dental Unit of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: A close relationship occurs between the type of bone density and the success of orthodontic mini-implant. The aim of this study was to find out the mean bone density in interradicular areas of the maxilla among patients visiting dental unit of a tertiary care centre.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed at the Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics at a tertiary care centre from 15 January 2022 to 28 June 2022 after taking ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: UCMS/IRC/175/21).

Nutritional status and its associated factors among under five years Muslim children of Kapilvastu district, Nepal.

Background: Malnutrition is a major public health problem throughout the world especially in Southeast Asia. This study aims to find out nutritional status and its associated factors among under five Muslim children of Kapilvastu district Nepal.

Methods: Community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 336 under five Muslim children in Kapilvastu district Nepal from December 2021 to May 2022.

A giant isolated primary splenic hydatidosis: A case report.

Introduction: and importance: Hydatid cyst disease is caused by Echinococcus tapeworm and is one of the major health problems in endemic regions like Nepal. The cases of splenic hydatidosis are quite rare and giant isolated primary splenic hydatidosis is even rarer. The patients present with vague symptoms or no symptoms at all.

Dysentery and leg ulcer as an atypical presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus: A case report.

Introduction: Due to heterogeneity in the organs involved and a variety of influencing factors, a wide range of clinical manifestations are possible in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In our knowledge, a combination of leg ulcer and dysentery as presenting symptoms of SLE has never been reported previously.

Patient Concerns: A 13-year-old female child presented with a chronic wound over right medial malleolus for 6 months, and passing of watery stool, later mixed with blood, for 4 days.

Perception towards Online Classes during COVID-19 among MBBS and BDS Students in a Medical College of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Sudden outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic has affected the educational system worldwide, forced the medical colleges to close due to lock down, and disrupted the classroom face-to-face teaching process. As a result, medical colleges shifted to an online mode of teaching. The aim of this study is to find out the perception towards online classes during COVID-19 lockdown period among MBBS and BDS students at a medical college of Nepal.

Why do people purchase antibiotics over-the-counter? A qualitative study with patients, clinicians and dispensers in central, eastern and western Nepal.

Introduction: Over-the-counter (OTC) use of antibiotics contributes to the burgeoning rise in antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Drawing on qualitative research methods, this article explores the characteristics of OTC sales of antibiotic in Nepal, its drivers and implications for policy.

Methods: Data were collected in and around three tertiary hospitals in eastern, western and central Nepal.

Effect of exposure to biomass smoke from cooking fuel types and eye disorders in women from hilly and plain regions of Nepal.

Background/aim: To study the association between exposure to biomass smoke from cooking fuels andi cataract, visual acuity and ocular symptoms in women.

Methods: We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study among women (≥20 years and without a previous diagnosis of cataract, ocular trauma or diabetes or those taking steroids) from hilly and plain regions of Nepal. Eligible participants received an interview and a comprehensive eye assessment (cataract development, visual acuity test and ocular symptoms).

Chorioangioma of Placenta.

Chorioangioma of placenta is the commonest benign tumour of the placenta. It consists of a benign angioma arising from chorionic tissue. We report a case of placental chorioangioma which was diagnosed in the post partum period in a patient with polyhydramnios who went into preterm labor and delivered a premature baby.

Ibuprofen induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome - toxic epidermal necrolysis in Nepal.

Despite the fact that any drug can be an impending cause of hypersensitivity reactions, Ibuprofen, an over-the-counter drug used extensively as an analgesic and antipyretic in Asia, is considered to be relatively safe. But herein we report a rare extremely 'rapid onset' occurrence of a severe case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) in a 22-year-old male, induced by 3 doses of 400 mg of Ibuprofen taken at 8-hour interval for eye pain, probably the first case report of rapid onset of TEN by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs in Nepal. SJS and TEN are idiosyncratic, delayed hypersensitivity inflammatory adverse drug reactions that are severe adverse cutaneous drug reactions which predominantly involve the skin and mucous membranes and are linked with high morbidity and mortality.

Nasal carriage of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus among health care workers at a tertiary care hospital in Western Nepal.

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a frequent cause of infections in both the community and hospital. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus continues to be an important nosocomial pathogen and infections are often difficult to manage due to its resistance to multiple antibiotics. Healthcare workers are important source of nosocomial transmission of MRSA.