Opacification of Hydrophilic Acrylic Intraocular Lenses: Overview of Laboratory Methods for Histological Analysis and Replication of IOL Calcification.

Opacification of intraocular lenses (IOLs) due to material changes is a serious complication that can compromise the good visual outcomes of uncomplicated cataract surgery. In hydrophobic acrylic IOLs, opacification can result from glistening formation, while in hydrophilic acrylic IOLs, there is a risk of calcification due to the formation of calcium phosphates within the polymer. Over time, various methods have been developed to investigate calcification in hydrophilic acrylic IOLs.

Reversible Multifocality Achieved Through Polypseudophakia.

Simultaneous implantation of a monofocal or monofocal toric intraocular lens (IOL) into the capsular bag and a multifocal IOL into the ciliary sulcus, referred to as duet procedure, allows us to create multifocality that is more easily reversible than the implantation of a capsular bag-fixated multifocal IOL. The optical quality and results after the duet procedure are equivalent to those of a capsular bag-fixated multifocal IOL. Patients who cannot tolerate the side effects of multifocal optics or who develop an ocular condition leading to loss of function such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or glaucoma in the course of their lives may benefit from the reversibility of the procedure.

[Fusarium Keratitis-an upcoming threat in Germany?].

Background: Fungal keratitis due to Fusarium species is known to be typical of developing countries; however, with the increasing use of contact lenses a rise of Fusarium keratitis has been observed in Germany.

Methods: In a monocentric retrospective study, we analyzed all patients who presented to our university eye hospital with infectious keratitis between January 2011 and December 2021 and had a proof of Fusarium species in either microscopy, culture or PCR.

Results: We could identify 13 patients with a proof of Fusarium species.

Comparative Surface Imaging Study of Multifocal Diffractive Intraocular Lenses.

Purpose: To analyse and compare the surface topography and roughness of three different types of diffractive multifocal IOLs.

Methods: Using scanning electron microscope (SEM, Inspect F, 5.0 KV, maximum magnification up to 20,000) and atomic force microscope (AFM, Park Systems, XE-100, non-contact, area profile comparison, 10 × 10 µm, 40 × 40 µm), the surface quality of the following diffractive IOLs was studied: the AcrySof IQ PanOptix (Alcon, USA), the AT LARA 829MP (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Germany), and Tecnis Symfony (Johnson&Johnson Vision, USA).

[Orbital firearm injuries].

Background: Injuries caused by firearms are fortunately rare in the field of ophthalmology. The treatment of an affected patient is a special challenge both ophthalmologically and emotionally.

Methods: We report on seven consecutive cases of patients with an orbital gunshot injury who presented in a university hospital over a period of 11 years.

[Comparison of visual acuity measurement with Landolt rings versus numbers].

Purpose: Landolt rings are commonly used for the measurement of visual acuity, especially for legal purposes. For multiple reasons, in clinical practice these optotypes are not in use and not practical. Therefore, the difference between visual acuity tested with Landolt rings as opposed to numbers was evaluated.

[(Neuro-)ophthalmogical aspects of driving ability].

The requirements regarding visual functioning needed for driving ability are stipulated in Annex 6 of the German driving licence regulations: In case of a visual disorder an ophthalmological assessment is essential: It is of crucial importance for the examining ophthalmologist to exhaust all ocular-medical possibilities to enable the applicant to maintain or regain his driving permission. In the overwhelming majority of the cases this is eminently feasible.However, there is no way to attest driving ability in a patient suffering acute one-sided visual loss for a period of 3 months on the basis of legal recommendations.

[Provision of aids to visually impaired people at the workplace].

The provision of aids for occupational use with partially sighted and blind people is not a measure for the necessary care but for an optimal work performance to secure the long-term occupational participation. This objective requires a significantly expanded consultation, which includes the occupational requirements at the specific workplace. The costs are not usually borne by the statutory health insurance but by another social insurance agency depending on the individual case.

[In Vitro Evaluation of the Optical Quality of Segmental Refractive Multifocal Intraocular Lenses].

Objectives: In customised patient care, it is important to know the optical quality of different intraocular lenses (IOL). In this study, the optical quality of three segmental intraocular lenses were compared.

Materials And Methods: The LENTIS Comfort LS-313 MF15, LENTIS Mplus X LS-313 MF30 and LENTIS High Add IOL LS-313 MF80 (Oculentis, Berlin, Germany) with a far power of + 21 D were analysed at the optical bench OptiSpheric IOL PRO (Trioptics GmbH, Wedel, Germany).

[Impact of Near Addition on the Optical Quality of Diffractive Multifocal Intraocular Lenses - a Laboratory Study Using an Optical Bench].

To analyse the optical quality of diffractive multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) with different near additions in a laboratory study. We analysed the AcrySof IQ ReSTOR + 2.5 D SV25T0 (Alcon Laboratories inc.

[Clinical results after implantation of a new segmental refractive multifocal intraocular lens].

Background: The aim of the study was a clinical evaluation of an intraocular lens (IOL) with a segmental multifocal optic design and near addition of + 3.0 D as part of a CE approval study.

Patients And Methods: In a multicenter study the LENTIS Mplus LS-312 MF IOL (Oculentis) was implanted in 134 eyes of 79 patients with a mean age of 68 ± 12 years.

[Causes of blindness in students at the school for blind children in Ilvesheim. Changes between 1885 and 2008].

Purpose: Since 1868, the Department of Ophthalmology at the University of Heidelberg has been providing care for the pupils of the school for blind and visually handicapped children in Ilvesheim, Germany. Previous studies on the causes of low vision have demonstrated the effects of the advances in medicine and ophthalmology with an explicit decrease in the number of inflammatory corneal diseases, followed by a reduced number of students suffering from congenital cataract and glaucoma. The aim of the present study was to evaluate current data and to compare it to previous data.

[IOL power calculation after refractive surgery].

Cataract surgery is evolving more and more into a refractive procedure with high expectations in terms of visual rehabilitation. Especially patients presenting after previous Excimer laser corneal surgery are used to being independent from glasses. Unfortunately, some of these patients showed unexpected hyperopic surprises after cataract surgery in the past.

[Determination of retinal nerve fiber density in vivo using laser polarimetry].

Background: A direct in vivo measurement of the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness enables new possibilities for the detection of nerve fiber defects. Using the principle of polarimetry the Nerve Fiber Analyzer has been told to measure directly the nerve fiber layer thickness in vivo.

Patients And Methods: We measured the nerve fiber layer thickness along a peripapillary circle and investigated the reproducibility in 10 independent measurements of 10 left eyes of ten normals.

[Cholesterol granuloma of the orbits--clinicopathologic study].

Unilateral exophthalmos was caused by a cholesterol granuloma in a 42-year-old patient. The clinical picture, roentgenographic and NMR tomographic changes, surgical therapy and histopathological results are described and discussed with regard to the etiology and differential diagnosis of this disease.

[Development of cell polymorphism in human corneal endothelium].

The development of cell polymorphy in human corneal endothelium was investigated by vital staining. Endothelial cell coalescence, cell loss and amitotic nucleus division are possible causes of endothelial cell polymorphy. These possible causes are differentiated by various temporary stages, the number of nuclei in polymorphous cells, their relation to the number of adjacent cells and their different sizes.