The sacroiliac spine - computer simulation of motion and modeling of the ligaments.

Using an interactive, 3D, kinematic simulation of the human skeleton, the motion of the sacro-iliac (SI) joint is modeled based upon descriptions available in the literature. The major ligaments are added to the simulation data structure using deformable cubic B-spline curve paths. Ligament strains were generated and studied in response to the motion simulations.

The effect of modern total knee arthroplasty on muscle balance at the knee.

Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) may affect the muscles operating at the flexion/extension (FE) or internal /external rotation (IE) axes. This study tested the hypothesis that a modern posterior stabilizing TKA will change the mechanical balance of the knee joint by altering the moment arms of muscles acting about two separate axes of rotation. Moment arms were determined for the normal knee, the knee after resection of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (the ACL - knee) and the knee after a PCL-sacrificing TKA.