Diagnosis of ulcerative colitis in endoscopic biopsies.

Accurate diagnosis of "colitis", and hence the appropriate therapy, can be a big problem. Routine microscopy of endoscopic biopsies remains very important. Yet a biopsy diagnosis may also be difficult, and its accuracy depends upon the criteria used.

[Radiation therapy of carcinoma of the hypopharynx and recurrence in the epipharynx and mesopharynx].

The role that radiation therapy plays in the prophylaxis of an epi-and mesopharyngeal recurrence of a hypopharyngeal cancer remains undefined. Because of this 48 patients with a hypopharyngeal cancer, who had undergone radiation therapy from 1975 through 1987 at Chiba University Hospital, have been analyzed retrospectively. The 5-year-survival was 17% and an epi- or a mesopharyngeal recurrence was found in 8 patients.

[Radiotherapy of bone metastases from cervical cancer].

The authors have investigated 6 cases of bone metastases from cervical cancer out of a total of 90 cases of metastatic bone tumors that were irradiated for relief of associated pain at the Department of Radiology, Nagasaki University Hospital from April 1977 to March 1987. In 2 of the 6 cases, a rare, delayed recurrence with paraaortic lymph node metastases was seen. An invasion to the psoas major muscle, ilio major muscle was demonstrated by Computed Tomography after the initiation of therapy, so that the size of the field was modified.

[A pleomorphic lipoma of the palm--comparison to spindle cell lipoma].

A pleomorphic lipoma usually occurs in the neck, the shoulder, and/or on the backs of men over the age of 50. This tumor displays a mixture of fat cells, pleomorphic cells, floret cells, and bundles of mature collagen fiber. Herein we report on a pleomorphic lipoma that occurred on the palm of a 56-year-old woman.

[Fast neutron radiotherapy of prostate cancer].

Between 1976 and 1987, sixty eight patients suffering from prostate cancer were treated with fast neutron radiotherapy at the NIRS hospital in Chiba, Japan. Tumor doses of TDF 100 were administered to the prostate gland, the regional lymphnodes, and the true pelvis, using the two opposing fields by fast neutron alone or with a boost. The overall local or regional tumor recurrence rate was found to be 10% and local control seemed to correlate with the histological differentiation of the cancer tissue, though there was no definite correlation with hormone treatment.

A contribution to the monitoring of neuromuscular blockade: an evaluation of the Datex Relaxograph.

The Datex Relaxograph is a neuromuscular transmission monitor, which measures the degree of neuromuscular blockade during anesthesia. In order to evaluate the reliability of the Relaxograph, results, obtained with this apparatus, were compared with simultaneous mechanical measurements obtained with the Myograph 2000 (Biometer). Although there was a good correlation between the two throughout the study, a shift towards mechanical responses was observed in all cases.

Dorsal column stimulation: its application in pain therapy.

Clinical report about 45 patients treated with dorsal column stimulation.

[Radiation therapy of lung metastases].

One of cardinal tents of cancer management is the importance of successful treatment of distant metastases. From 1976 to 1987, of the 410 patients with distant metastases before initiation of radiation therapy, 101 lung metastases were received operation, radiation and immuno-chemotherapy, at the Department of Radiology, Tokushima University Hospital. The patients ranged in age from 1 to 83 years (average, 57.

[A follicular, medium-sized cell lymphoma showing minimal progress in the last 13 years--case report].

A case history of a 39-year-old woman with a follicular, medium-size cell type lymphoma (Nodular poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma) is reported. In spite of receiving no treatment, her lymphoma had changed little for 13 years. This case is regarded as a good example for considering the treatment of low grade malignant lymphomas.

[Effective anticancer agents and the advance of surgical technics in tumors].

Functions and cosmetic features are markedly damaged by extensive or standard operation. Furthermore, high-risk cancers with poor prognosis have been considered to be strong candidates for intensive care since early times. Pediatric solid tumors and sarcomas of the bone soft tissue are included in these cases.

Optimization of heparin anticoagulation during membrane plasma separation.

This study analyses 75 membrane plasma exchanges carried out in 18 patients where various amounts of heparin were used to define the heparin kinetic during plasma exchange and the appropriate anticoagulation. A specific assay was employed to measure heparin concentration. Our results showed that: 1) the heparin distribution volume exceeded the expected value by 10 to 25%; 2) the drug is filtered with a sieving coefficient = 1; 3) the appropriate concentration range is within 0.

[A histologically-verified triple cancer--report of a rare case involving a primary brain tumor].

Histologically-verified triple cancers that include a malignant brain tumor are rare. According to the Japan Autopsy Annuals, only 8 cases since 1958 have been so far documented. A case combining a malignant melanoma, a medulloblastoma, and a thyroid cancer is herein presented, along with a review of the literature.

[Results of the radiotherapy of Hodgkin's disease (Analysis of cases at Osaka University Hospital)].

A total of 32 patients of Hodgkin's disease treated mainly by radiotherapy at the Department of Radiology, Osaka University Hospital from 1971 through 1985 were analyzed. Five- and ten-year survival rates for all patients were 91%, 78%; Clinical Stage I (15 patients): 93%, 83%; Stage II (8 pts.): 100%, 100%; Stage III (9 pts.

[Results of the radiotherapy of Hodgkin's disease (a JLRTG report). Japan Lymphoma Radiation Therapy Group].

A total of 234 patients of Hodgkin's disease treated at 7 institutions from 1972 through 1985 were analyzed. Male to female ratio was 157: 77, mean age was 39.8 years, and overall 5- and 10-year survival were 67% and 56%, respectively.

[Analysis of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of 210 patients with nodular and favorable histologies--report of the Japanese Lymphoma Radiation Therapy Study Group].

Between 1972 and 1985, 210 patients with nodular poorly differentiated lymphocytic (NPDL), nodular mixed lymphocytic and histiocytic (NM), nodular histiocytic (NH), or diffuse well differentiated lymphocytic (DWDL) lymphoma according to Rappaport classification were treated among the 7 hospitals belonging to JLRTG (Japanese Lymphoma Radiation Therapy Study Group). Age greater than 50 years adversely affected overall survival. But no obvious survival differences were seen by sex and the primary site.

Strip and line path integrals with a square pixel matrix: a unified theory for computational CT projections.

Calculated forward projection techniques have been used for various purposes in computerized tomography applications, and several models have been proposed to simulate the tomography projection process. Since the area weighted strip integral is one of the best models, methods to facilitate the computation of strip integrals would be very useful. In particular, a triangular subtraction technique with a reduced number of weighting factors is proposed for the calculation of the strip integral.

Levels of neuron-specific enolase after chemotherapy do not predict a response in small cell lung cancer.

Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) was measured in serum samples of 35 patients with small cell lung cancer and 10 control patients. The samples were collected during 10 days after the first course of chemotherapy, in order to investigate whether changes of NSE had a predictive value of tumour response. Three patterns of change of NSE were observed.

[The development of radiation necrosis of the brain after radiation therapy].

Examination by questionnaire of 102 institutions utilizing radiation therapy throughout the country revealed 97 cases of radiation necrosis of the brain, 41 cases of which have received only one course of radiation therapy with either high energy x-rays or 60Co gamma-rays and that have been histologically confirmed for necrosis. The dose fractionation relationship causing necrosis presumed by Strandquvist's diagram proved to be located along the line with the slope of 0.44 from the interception of 9.

[Thyroid dysfunction following external irradiation of the neck].

Thyroid function after radiation therapy to the neck was studied in 120 patients, 110 of whom were suffered from malignant lymphomas. No patients had clinical symptoms from thyroid dysfunction, but 9 patients were given thyroid hormone after examination of thyroid function test. TSH elevation rate for 95 patients irradiated to the hole neck by dosage was 0%, 24%, 47% and 47%, for less than 30 Gy, 30-39 Gy, 40-49 Gy and 50 Gy or more, respectively.

Preparing a quality control material for blood gases, pH and hemoglobinometry using stroma-free hemoglobin solution.

Properties of a quality control material for blood gases and pH should be similar to normal human whole blood with respect to oxygen buffering and acid-base behaviour. A hemoglobin solution may potentially fulfill this. However, the drawbacks of such a solution are the high oxygen affinity (lowp50), especially when it is prepared from human blood, and the improper concentration of bicarbonate.