Host tissue response to floating microelectrode arrays chronically implanted in the feline spinal nerve.

Objective: Neural interfacing technologies could significantly improve quality of life for people living with the loss of a limb. Both motor commands and sensory feedback must be considered; these complementary systems are segregated from one another in the spinal nerve.

Approach: The dorsal root ganglion-ventral root (DRG-VR) complex was targeted chronically with floating microelectrode arrays designed to record from motor neuron axons in the VR or stimulate sensory neurons in the DRG.

Effects of MEG-based neurofeedback for hand rehabilitation after tetraplegia: preliminary findings in cortical modulations and grip strength.

Objective: Neurofeedback (NF) trains people to volitionally modulate their cortical activity to affect a behavioral outcome. We evaluated the feasibility of using NF to improve hand function after chronic cervical-level spinal cord injury (SCI) using biologically-relevant visual feedback of motor-related brain activity and an intuitive control scheme.

Approach: The NF system acquired magnetoencephalography (MEG) data in real-time to provide feedback of event-related desynchronization (ERD) measured over the sensorimotor cortex during attempted hand grasping.

Intracortical recording stability in human brain-computer interface users.

Objective: Intracortical brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are being developed to assist people with motor disabilities in communicating and interacting with the world around them. This technology relies on recordings from the primary motor cortex, which may vary from day to day.

Approach: Here we quantify, in two long-term BCI subjects, the length of time that action potentials from the same neuron, or group of neurons, can be recorded from the motor cortex.

Remapping cortical modulation for electrocorticographic brain-computer interfaces: a somatotopy-based approach in individuals with upper-limb paralysis.

Objective: Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology aims to provide individuals with paralysis a means to restore function. Electrocorticography (ECoG) uses disc electrodes placed on either the surface of the dura or the cortex to record field potential activity. ECoG has been proposed as a viable neural recording modality for BCI systems, potentially providing stable, long-term recordings of cortical activity with high spatial and temporal resolution.