Ballistic femoral neck fractures: Associated injuries and outcomes.

Background: Ballistic fractures of the femoral neck, rare injuries that overwhelmingly affect younger adults, pose significant challenges to the treating surgeon. However, there is limited literature that the treating surgeon can leverage to guide their treatment decisions. The goal of this study is to describe the demographics, associated injuries, outcomes, and complications associated with ballistic femoral neck fractures.

Direct evidence of fetal responses to noxious stimulations: A systematic review of physiological and behavioral reactions.

Fetal pain is usually debated using data extrapolated from physiology and anatomy; whereas direct observation of fetal pain reactions is only marginally used. We present the first systematic review to carefully analyse this direct evidence. Our objective was to summarize the scientific literature based on the direct observation of fetal responses to noxious stimulation.

Notable ecological risks of microplastics to Minjiang River ecosystem over headwater to upstream in Eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

Microplastics (MPs) in aquatic environments has been observed globally. However, the ecological risks of MP pollution in riverhead prior to highly urbanized region remain poorly understood. This study investigated MP pollution related to microbiome in sediments, and ecological risks of MPs in riverhead prior to urbanized area over 291 km of Minjiang River (MJR) in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP).

Twenty-four-hour pattern of children with febrile seizures presenting to a United States Pediatric Emergency Department.

Background: Febrile seizure (FS) is the most common convulsive disorder in children. Understanding its time-of-day pattern can provide insight into mechanisms and prevention.

Purpose: We explored clock-time variation of FS presentations of children to a US pediatric emergency department (PED) in comparison to two control cohorts: one (n = 5719) like-aged children presenting solely with fever, i.

Association between dairy products intake and frailty transitions in older adults: The InCHIANTI cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate the association between dairy products consumption and the probability of frailty transitions in community-dwelling older adults.

Design: Longitudinal study.

Setting And Participants: We included 863 community-dwelling participants ≥65 years from the Chianti region in Italy.

Beyond the ink: Marking the skin with henna through ultrasound gel.

Purpose: To evaluate henna as a durable skin marker on various skin tones for sonographic targeting and to identify the shortest duration of henna application needed for practical clinical workflow.

Materials And Methods: Prospective study applying seven henna lines through ultrasound (US) gel on the forearms of 15 healthy participants equally represented across the validated six-color bar tool. Color bar categories 1-2, 3-4, and 5-6 were designated low, moderate, and high-melanin groups, respectively.

Environmental justice mapping tools in the United States: A review of national and state tools.

Environmental justice (EJ) mapping tools are geographic information system (GIS)-based digital maps that integrate environmental, socioeconomic, health, and demographic data to identify areas experiencing environmental injustices. These tools are increasingly used to guide investments toward disadvantaged communities. This review examines 25 EJ tools, describing their functionalities, coverage, and indicator types, ranging from biological susceptibilities to socioeconomic and environmental factors.

Demographic and lifestyle characteristics impact lifetime prevalence of owner-reported intervertebral disc disease: 43,517 companion dogs in the United States.

Objective: Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) is a debilitating spinal condition that has been well studied among Dachshunds. However, little is known about IVDD prevalence across other dog breeds and associated lifestyle risk factors. The purpose of this study was to identify lifetime prevalence, demographic, and lifestyle factors associated with IVDD among a large population of companion dogs in the US.

Towards linking histological changes to liver viscoelasticity: a hybrid analytical-computational micromechanics approach.

Motivated by elastography that utilizes tissue mechanical properties as biomarkers for liver disease, with the eventual objective of quantitatively linking histopathology and bulk mechanical properties, we develop a micromechanical modeling approach to capture the effects of fat and collagen deposition in the liver. Specifically, we utilize computational homogenization to convert the microstructural changes in hepatic lobule to the effective viscoelastic modulus of the liver tissue, i.e.

Impact of patient age on morbidity and mortality in adults with acute traumatic cervical spinal cord injury: An ACS trauma quality programs database study.

Background: This study aimed to examine associations between age and outcomes in acute cervical SCI (cSCI) patients.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Programs database to compare outcomes for acute cSCI patients stratified by age: 18-44, 45-65, and > 65 years. Patient demographics, comorbidities, injury type, treatment modality, AEs, and length of stay (LOS) were assessed.

Machine Learning Quantum Mechanical/Molecular Mechanical Potentials: Evaluating Transferability in Dihydrofolate Reductase-Catalyzed Reactions.

Integrating machine learning potentials (MLPs) with quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) free energy simulations has emerged as a powerful approach for studying enzymatic catalysis. However, its practical application has been hindered by the time-consuming process of generating the necessary training, validation, and test data for MLP models through QM/MM simulations. Furthermore, the entire process needs to be repeated for each specific enzyme system and reaction.

Structural Transformation and Degradation of Cu Oxide Nanocatalysts during Electrochemical CO Reduction.

The electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR) holds enormous potential as a carbon-neutral route to the sustainable production of fuels and platform chemicals. The durability for long-term operation is currently inadequate for commercialization, however, and the underlying deactivation process remains elusive. A fundamental understanding of the degradation mechanism of electrocatalysts, which can dictate the overall device performance, is needed.

Resilience in maternal, newborn, and child health in low- and middle-income countries: findings from a scoping review.

Objectives: The research objectives were to identify and synthesise prevailing definitions and indices of resilience in maternal, newborn, and child health (MNCH) and propose a harmonised definition of resilience in MNCH research and health programmes in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Design: Scoping review using Arksey and O'Malley's framework and a Delphi survey for consensus building.

Participants: Mothers, new-borns, and children living in low- and middle-income countries were selected as participants.

Nurse workforce change and metropolitan medically underserved areas in the United States.

Background: The continued healthcare crisis in the United States (US) is worrisome, especially as workforce shortages, particularly for nurses, are highlighted, often in some of the highest need areas. As the need for healthcare services grows, especially for services that nurses can deliver, the inability to meet those needs exacerbates existing disparities in access to care and can jeopardize the quality and timeliness of healthcare delivery in underserved communities. Prior investigations have used varying definitions to describe underserved, under-resourced, rural, or health professional shortage areas to examine the relationship between these areas and workforce shortages.

Copper Tantalate by a Sodium-Driven Flux-Mediated Synthesis for Photoelectrochemical CO Reduction.

Copper-tantalate, CuTaO (CTO), shows significant promise as an efficient photocathode for multi-carbon compounds (C) production through photoelectrochemical (PEC) CO reduction, owing to its suitable energy bands and catalytic surface. However, synthesizing CTO poses a significant challenge due to its metastable nature and thermal instability. In this study, this challenge is addressed by employing a flux-mediated synthesis technique using a sodium-based flux to create sodium-doped CTO (Na-CTO) thin films, providing enhanced nucleation and stabilization for the CTO phase.

Recent trends in scientific research in chest radiology: What to do or not to do? That is the critical question in research.

Hereby inviting young rising stars in chest radiology in Japan for contributing what they are working currently, we would like to show the potentials and directions of the near future research trends in the research field. I will provide a reflection on my own research topics. At the end, we also would like to discuss on how to choose the themes and topics of research: What to do or not to do? We strongly believe it will stimulate and help investigators in the field.

Delayed onset of ocean acidification in the Gulf of Maine.

The Gulf of Maine holds significant ecological and economic value for fisheries and communities in north-eastern North America. However, there is apprehension regarding its vulnerability to the effects of increasing atmospheric CO. Substantial recent warming and the inflow of low alkalinity waters into the Gulf of Maine have raised concerns about the impact of ocean acidification on resident marine calcifiers (e.

Heavy Medicine: The Need for Ethical Stewardship of Metal and Metalloid-based Medicines and Technologies.

Metals and metalloids including cobalt, gadolinium, lutetium and germanium are used in numerous medical applications spanning diverse specialities including orthopedics, radiology, oncology and healthcare artificial intelligence. These medical advances include cobalt containing orthopedic implants, gadolinium-based contrast agents, lutetium-containing cancer drugs and germanium-based semiconductors. While these metal and metalloid-based solutions do improve patient care, there is a heavy side to how the elements needed for these solutions are mined, extracted and discarded.

Effect of Lipid Composition and Stirring Dynamics on Oxygen Microbubble Stability and Oxygen Release.

Lipid-coated oxygen microbubbles (OMBs) are being investigated for biomedical applications to alleviate hypoxia such as systemic oxygenation and image-guided radiosensitization therapy. Additionally, they hold potential for boarder application as oxygen carriers beyond the biomedical filed. Understanding the stability and oxygen release properties of OMBs in dynamic aqueous environments is critical for these applications.

Oxidation of ,-Dimethylhydroxylamine by Hexachloroiridate(IV).

The oxidation of (CH)NOH (DMH, ,-dimethylhydroxylamine) is of interest because of the use of this reagent in actinide separations. Here, we report on the aqueous oxidation of DMH by [IrCl], a classic outer-sphere one-electron oxidant. The reaction is subject to adventitious catalysis by Fe and Cu, and this catalysis can be suppressed with 1 mM oxalate.

Prolactin-induced sensitization of trigeminal nociceptors promotes migraine co-morbidity in endometriosis.

Background: Women with endometriosis are more likely to have migraine. The mechanisms underlying this co-morbidity are unknown. Prolactin, a neurohormone secreted and released into circulation from the anterior pituitary, can sensitize sensory neurons from female, but not male, rodents, monkeys and human donors.

Baricitinib dose reduction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis achieving sustained disease control: Final results from the RA-BEYOND study.

Objective: This study examines the impact of dose step-down in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who achieved sustained disease control with baricitinib 4-mg once-daily up to 96-weeks.

Methods: Patients who completed a baricitinib phase 3 study could enter a long-term extension (LTE). In the LTE, patients who received baricitinib 4-mg for ≥15 months and maintained clinical disease activity index (CDAI) low disease activity (LDA) or remission (REM) were blindly randomized to continue 4-mg or taper to 2-mg.

Synergistic Enhancing of Biological Activity and Natural Light Self-Degradation of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Nano-organometallic Pesticide-Fused Phenylpyrazole Amine Derivatives with Hollow Box TiO by One-pot Microwave Synthesis.

Nano-TiO as an antimicrobial inorganic material, can stimulate cells to produce reactive oxygen species and exhibit effective biochemical properties; however, phenylpyrazole derivatives, as organic pesticides, are widely used in agriculture and food. To find novel pesticides with environmental friendliness, combined with three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) prediction analysis, three types of alkaloidal phenylpyrazole amine derivatives (PA) were synthesized by a one-pot microwave method. Based on the dye sensitization strategy, four nano-organometallic pesticides (PT) were prepared by organic-inorganic hybridization.

Outcomes of surveyed monolithic CAD/CAM zirconia crowns for removable partial denture abutments: A 7-year clinical study.

Purpose: This retrospective clinical study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of surveyed monolithic computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) zirconia crowns for abutment teeth in removable partial dentures (RPDs).

Methods: Patients who received monolithic surveyed zirconia crowns were clinically examined. The crowns were examined according to the modified United States Public Health Service criteria, and Kaplan-Meier survival was determined.