Intake of caffeine from all sources and reasons for use by college students.

Background & Aims: Caffeine intake in a convenience sample of U.S. college students (N = 1248) was surveyed at five geographically-dispersed United States (U.

Patterns of dietary supplement use among college students.

Background & Aims: Dietary supplements (DS) are popular in many countries but little data are available on their use by sub-populations such as college students. Since students share a variety of characteristics and similar lifestyles, their DS use may differ from the general population. This study assessed DS use, factors associated with DS use, and reasons for use among U.

Female athletes: a population at risk of vitamin and mineral deficiencies affecting health and performance.

Adequate vitamin and mineral status is essential for optimal human health and performance. Female athletes could be at risk for vitamin and mineral insufficiency due to inadequate dietary intake, menstruation, and inflammatory responses to heavy physical activity. Recent studies have documented poor iron status and associated declines in both cognitive and physical performance in female athletes.

Iron status and the female athlete.

Iron deficiency (ID) is the most prevalent micronutrient deficiency disorder in the world. In the developed world, the greatest prevalence of ID and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) occurs in premenopausal women. Premenopausal women experience ID and IDA due to inadequate consumption of dietary iron coupled with iron losses through physiologic processes such as menstruation.

Effect of acetazolamide on leg endurance exercise at sea level and simulated altitude.

Acetazolamide can be taken at sea level to prevent acute mountain sickness during subsequent altitude exposure. Acetazolamide causes metabolic acidosis at sea level and altitude, and increases SaO2 (arterial oxygen saturation) at altitude. The aim of the present study was to determine whether acetazolamide impairs muscle endurance at sea level but not simulated altitude (4300 m for <3 h).