Mitigating the attachment of Salmonella Infantis on isolated poultry skin with cetylpyridinium chloride.

To provide the poultry industry with effective mitigation strategies, the effects of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) on the reduction of Salmonella Infantis, hilA expression, and chicken skin microbiota were evaluated. Chicken breast skins (4×4 cm; N = 100, n = 10, k = 5) were inoculated with Salmonella (Typhimurium or Infantis) at 4°C (30min) to obtain 108 CFU/g attachment. Skins were shaken (30s), with remaining bacteria being considered firmly attached.

Optimising quality of life for people living with heart failure in care homes: Protocol for the co-design and feasibility testing of a digital intervention.

Background: Heart failure (HF) affects up to 64.3 million people globally. Advancements in pharmaceutical, device or surgical therapies, have led to patients living longer with HF.

Global assessment of marine plastic exposure risk for oceanic birds.

Plastic pollution is distributed patchily around the world's oceans. Likewise, marine organisms that are vulnerable to plastic ingestion or entanglement have uneven distributions. Understanding where wildlife encounters plastic is crucial for targeting research and mitigation.

Designing an Observing System to Study the Surface Biology and Geology (SBG) of the Earth in the 2020s.

Observations of planet Earth from space are a critical resource for science and society. Satellite measurements represent very large investments and United States (US) agencies organize their effort to maximize the return on that investment. The US National Research Council conducts a survey of Earth science and applications to prioritize observations for the coming decade.

Unraveling the Complexity of Cardiac Distress: A Study of Prevalence and Severity.

Introduction: While much research attention has been paid to anxiety and depression in people who have had a recent cardiac event, relatively little has focused on the broader concept of cardiac distress. Cardiac distress is a multidimensional construct that incorporates but extends beyond common mood disorders such as anxiety and depression. In the present study we assessed the prevalence, severity and predictors of a broad range of physical, affective, cognitive, behavioral and social symptoms of cardiac distress.

Detecting forest response to droughts with global observations of vegetation water content.

Droughts in a warming climate have become more common and more extreme, making understanding forest responses to water stress increasingly pressing. Analysis of water stress in trees has long focused on water potential in xylem and leaves, which influences stomatal closure and water flow through the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. At the same time, changes of vegetation water content (VWC) are linked to a range of tree responses, including fluxes of water and carbon, mortality, flammability, and more.

Clinical moderators and predictors of cognitive-behavioral therapy by guided-self-help versus therapist-led for binge-eating disorder: Analysis of aggregated clinical trials.

Objective: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)-therapist-led (CBTth) and guided-self-help (CBTgsh)-has efficacy for binge-eating disorder (BED) but many patients do not benefit sufficiently. We examined predictors and moderators for these two CBT methods.

Method: Data were aggregated from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) testing psychosocial treatments for BED in the U.

Phylogeography, Population Structure, and Species Delimitation in Rockhopper Penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome and Eudyptes moseleyi).

Rockhopper penguins are delimited as 2 species, the northern rockhopper (Eudyptes moseleyi) and the southern rockhopper (Eudyptes chrysocome), with the latter comprising 2 subspecies, the western rockhopper (Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome) and the eastern rockhopper (Eudyptes chrysocome filholi). We conducted a phylogeographic study using multilocus data from 114 individuals sampled across 12 colonies from the entire range of the northern/southern rockhopper complex to assess potential population structure, gene flow, and species limits. Bayesian and likelihood methods with nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, including model testing and heuristic approaches, support E.

California's methane super-emitters.

Methane is a powerful greenhouse gas and is targeted for emissions mitigation by the US state of California and other jurisdictions worldwide. Unique opportunities for mitigation are presented by point-source emitters-surface features or infrastructure components that are typically less than 10 metres in diameter and emit plumes of highly concentrated methane. However, data on point-source emissions are sparse and typically lack sufficient spatial and temporal resolution to guide their mitigation and to accurately assess their magnitude.

Corrigendum: Exploring, Mapping, and Data Management Integration of Habitable Environments in Astrobiology.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.

Missed opportunities! End of life decision making and discussions in implantable cardioverter defibrillator recipients.

Background: Recent guidelines highlight the need for clinician-patient discussions regarding end-of-life (EOL) choices prior to implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implantation. Health literacy could affect the quality and quantity of such discussions.

Objective: Our objective was to determine the association of health literacy with experiences, attitudes, and knowledge of the ICD at EOL.

Exploring, Mapping, and Data Management Integration of Habitable Environments in Astrobiology.

New approaches to blending geoscience, planetary science, microbiology-geobiology/ecology, geoinformatics and cyberinfrastructure technology disciplines in a holistic effort can be transformative to astrobiology explorations. Over the last two decades, overwhelming orbital evidence has confirmed the abundance of authigenic (, formed in place) minerals on Mars. On Earth, environments where authigenic minerals form provide a substrate for the preservation of microbial life.

Biofilm Inhibition via Delivery of Novel Methylthioadenosine Nucleosidase Inhibitors from PVA-Tyramine Hydrogels while Supporting Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Viability.

The rise of antibiotic resistance, coupled with increased expectations for mobility in later life, is creating a need for biofilm inhibitors and delivery systems that will reduce surgical implant infection. A limitation of some of these existing delivery approaches is toxicity exhibited toward host cells. Here, we report the application of a novel inhibitor of the enzyme, methylthioadenosine nucleosidase (MTAN), a key enzyme in bacterial metabolic pathways, which include -adenosylmethionine catabolism and purine nucleotide recycling, in combination with a poly(vinyl alcohol)-tyramine-based (PVA-Tyr) hydrogel delivery system.

Atmospheric Correction of Satellite Ocean-Color Imagery During the PACE Era.

The Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) mission will carry into space the Ocean Color Instrument (OCI), a spectrometer measuring at 5nm spectral resolution in the ultraviolet (UV) to near infrared (NIR) with additional spectral bands in the shortwave infrared (SWIR), and two multi-angle polarimeters that will overlap the OCI spectral range and spatial coverage, i. e., the Spectrometer for Planetary Exploration (SPEXone) and the Hyper-Angular Rainbow Polarimeter (HARP2).

Perceived control and quality of life among recipients of implantable cardioverter defibrillator.

Background: Perceived control is strongly associated with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among patients with chronic conditions, and it is possible to increase perceived control with appropriate intervention. Little is known about the relationship between perceived control and HRQOL in implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) recipients.

Objectives: To determine the relationship of perceived control with quality of life in ICD recipients and to determine predictors of perceived control in this population.

Spatial Spectroscopic Models for Remote Exploration.

Ancient hydrothermal systems are a high-priority target for a future Mars sample return mission because they contain energy sources for microbes and can preserve organic materials (Farmer, 2000 ; MEPAG Next Decade Science Analysis Group, 2008 ; McLennan et al., 2012 ; Michalski et al., 2017 ).

Implantable cardioverter defibrillator knowledge and end-of-life device deactivation: A cross-sectional survey.

Background: End-of-life implantable cardioverter defibrillator deactivation discussions should commence before device implantation and be ongoing, yet many implantable cardioverter defibrillators remain active in patients' last days.

Aim: To examine associations among implantable cardioverter defibrillator knowledge, patient characteristics and attitudes to implantable cardioverter defibrillator deactivation.

Design: Cross-sectional survey using the Experiences, Attitudes and Knowledge of End-of-Life Issues in Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Patients Questionnaire.

Classification of Animal Movement Behavior through Residence in Space and Time.

Identification and classification of behavior states in animal movement data can be complex, temporally biased, time-intensive, scale-dependent, and unstandardized across studies and taxa. Large movement datasets are increasingly common and there is a need for efficient methods of data exploration that adjust to the individual variability of each track. We present the Residence in Space and Time (RST) method to classify behavior patterns in movement data based on the concept that behavior states can be partitioned by the amount of space and time occupied in an area of constant scale.

Surveillance of ventricular septal defects in Delaware.

Background: The prevalence of ventricular septal defects (VSDs), a birth defect in which there is an opening in the wall that separates the left and right ventricles of the heart, seemed to be substantially higher in Delaware compared with the National Birth Defects Prevention Network (NBDPN). The Delaware Birth Defects Registry (BDR) noted their high prevalence of VSDs in comparison with other states.

Methods: A subset of children with a VSD born in 2007 through 2010 was identified from the complete reportable statewide defect list that the BDR creates each year.

Airborne methane remote measurements reveal heavy-tail flux distribution in Four Corners region.

Methane (CH4) impacts climate as the second strongest anthropogenic greenhouse gas and air quality by influencing tropospheric ozone levels. Space-based observations have identified the Four Corners region in the Southwest United States as an area of large CH4 enhancements. We conducted an airborne campaign in Four Corners during April 2015 with the next-generation Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (near-infrared) and Hyperspectral Thermal Emission Spectrometer (thermal infrared) imaging spectrometers to better understand the source of methane by measuring methane plumes at 1- to 3-m spatial resolution.

Establishing a pragmatic framework to optimise health outcomes in heart failure and multimorbidity (ARISE-HF): A multidisciplinary position statement.

Background: Multimorbidity in heart failure (HF), defined as HF of any aetiology and multiple concurrent conditions that require active management, represents an emerging problem within the ageing HF patient population worldwide.

Methods: To inform this position paper, we performed: 1) an initial review of the literature identifying the ten most common conditions, other than hypertension and ischaemic heart disease, complicating the management of HF (anaemia, arrhythmias, cognitive dysfunction, depression, diabetes, musculoskeletal disorders, renal dysfunction, respiratory disease, sleep disorders and thyroid disease) and then 2) a review of the published literature describing the association between HF with each of the ten conditions. From these data we describe a clinical framework, comprising five key steps, to potentially improve historically poor health outcomes in this patient population.

Mode of Delivery among HIV-Infected Pregnant Women in Philadelphia, 2005-2013.

Objective: Current guidelines call for HIV-infected women to deliver via scheduled Caesarean when the maternal HIV viral load (VL) is >1,000 copies/ml. We describe the mode of delivery among HIV-infected women and evaluate adherence to relevant recommendations.

Study Design: We performed a population-based surveillance analysis of HIV-infected pregnant women in Philadelphia from 2005 to 2013, comparing mode of delivery (vaginal, scheduled Caesarean, or emergent Caesarean) by VL during pregnancy, closest to the time of delivery (≤1,000 copies/ml versus an unknown VL or VL >1,000 copies/ml) and associated factors in multivariable analysis.

High-Resolution Remote Sensing of Water Quality in the San Francisco Bay-Delta Estuary.

The San Francisco Bay-Delta Estuary watershed is a major source of freshwater for California and a profoundly human-impacted environment. The water quality monitoring that is critical to the management of this important water resource and ecosystem relies primarily on a system of fixed water-quality monitoring stations, but the limited spatial coverage often hinders understanding. Here, we show how the latest technology in visible/near-infrared imaging spectroscopy can facilitate water quality monitoring in this highly dynamic and heterogeneous system by enabling simultaneous depictions of several water quality indicators at very high spatial resolution.