Cancer statistics, 2025.

Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths in the United States and compiles the most recent data on population-based cancer occurrence and outcomes using incidence data collected by central cancer registries (through 2021) and mortality data collected by the National Center for Health Statistics (through 2022). In 2025, 2,041,910 new cancer cases and 618,120 cancer deaths are projected to occur in the United States. The cancer mortality rate continued to decline through 2022, averting nearly 4.

Nanosecond Nanothermometry in an Electron Microscope.

Thermal transport in nanostructures plays a critical role in modern technologies. As devices shrink, techniques that can measure thermal properties at nanometer and nanosecond scales are increasingly needed to capture transient, out-of-equilibrium phenomena. We present a novel pump-probe photon-electron method within a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) to map temperature dynamics with unprecedented spatial and temporal resolutions.

Game-based telerehabilitation in neurological disorders: a systematic review of features, opportunities and challenges.

This study explores the integration of telerehabilitation, virtual reality, and serious games technologies in addressing physical disabilities. Specifically, it focuses on game-based telerehabilitation for patients with stroke, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis undergoing home-based rehabilitation. Utilising the PICO approach, a search in Scopus and PubMed until February 21st, 2024, identified 31 relevant English articles out of 258 initially considered.

Ecological Drivers of Evolution of Swine Influenza in the United States: A Review.

Influenza A viruses (IAVs) pose a major public health threat due to their wide host range and pandemic potential. Pigs have been proposed as "mixing vessels" for avian, swine, and human IAVs, significantly contributing to influenza ecology. In the United States, IAVs are enzootic in commercial swine farming operations, with numerous genetic and antigenic IAV variants having emerged in the past two decades.

Ion-Ion Association in Bulk Mixed Electrolytes Using Global and Local Electroneutrality Constraints.

Ion atmospheres play a critical role in modulating the interactions between charged components in solutions. However, a detailed description of the nature of ion atmospheres remains elusive. Here, we use Kirkwood-Buff theory, an exact theory of solution mixtures, together with a series of local and bulk electroneutrality constraints to provide relationships between all the net ion-ion distributions in bulk electrolyte mixtures.

Development and Evaluation of an Automated Multimodal Mobile Detection of Oral Cancer (mDOC) Imaging System to Aid in Risk-based Management of Oral Mucosal Lesions.

Oral cancer is a major global health problem. It is commonly diagnosed at an advanced stage although often preceded by clinically visible oral mucosal lesions, termed oral potentially malignant disorders associated with an increased risk for oral cancer development. There is an unmet clinical need for effective screening tools to assist front-line healthcare providers to determine which patients should be referred to an oral cancer specialist for evaluation.

Apportionment of oxygen demand contributions from aircraft and pavement deicer freezing point depressants in airport runoff, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 2005-2022.

Aircraft anti-icers and pavement deicers improve the safety of airport operations during winter precipitation events. Runoff containing these products can contribute elevated biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) to receiving streams. We monitored runoff from Milwaukee Mitchell International Airport at one upstream site, three outfall sites, and one downstream site from 2005 to 2022 for BOD, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and freezing point depressants used in deicing and anti-icing fluids to determine the primary sources of BOD and COD in the receiving stream.

Supramolecular Preorganization of Amine-functionalized Diacetylene Monomers in their Crystals Allows their Topochemical Polymerization to Polydiacetylenenes Capable of CO2 Capture.

We designed and synthesized three diacetylene monomers M1-M3 having two NH2 groups. As anticipated, the NH2 groups aided the preorganization of these monomers by N-H…N hydrogen bonding. In the crystals of monomer M1 and M2, the intermolecular N-H…N hydrogen bonding preorganized the diyne units in an orientation suitable for their topochemical polymerization, but in the case of monomer M3, the distance was slightly larger than that recommended for the topochemical reaction.

Weight and Blood-Based Markers of Cachexia Predict Disability, Hospitalization and Worse Survival in Cancer Immunotherapy Patients.

Background: Cancer-associated cachexia can inhibit immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy efficacy. Cachexia's effect on ICI therapy has not been studied in large cohorts of cancer patients aside from lung cancer. We studied associations between real-world routinely collected clinical cachexia markers and disability-free, hospitalization-free and overall survival of cancer patients.

Trends in Mortality Due to Cardiovascular Diseases Among Patients With Parkinson's Disease in the United States: A Retrospective Analysis.

Background: Parkinson disease (PD) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) present significant health burdens, particularly among older adults. Patients with PD have an elevated risk of CVD-related mortality. Analyzing mortality trends in this population may help guide focused interventions.

PFAS Destruction and Near-Complete Defluorination of Undiluted Aqueous Film-Forming Foams at Ambient Conditions by Piezoelectric Ball Milling.

The nonthermal destruction of aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) stockpiles, one of the major culprits responsible for water and soil contamination by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), is extremely challenging because of the coexistence of mixed recalcitrant PFAS and complicated organic matrices at extremely high concentrations. To date, the complete defluorination of undiluted AFFF at ambient conditions has not been demonstrated. This study reports a novel piezoelectric ball milling approach for treating AFFF with a total organic fluorine concentration of 9080 mg/L and total organic carbon of 234 g/L.

Oxygen-Driven Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization.

In traditional atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), oxygen must be meticulously eliminated due to its propensity to quench radical species and halt the polymerization process. Additionally, oxygen oxidizes the lower-valent Cu catalyst, compromising its ability to activate alkyl halides and propagate polymerization. In this study, we present an oxygen-driven ATRP utilizing alkylborane compounds, a method that not only circumvents the need for stringent oxygen removal but also exploits oxygen as an essential cofactor to promote polymerization.

Virginia Memory Project: Using the Healthy Brain Initiative Roadmap to design a statewide dementia registry.

Introduction: The Virginia Memory Project (VMP) is a statewide epidemiological registry for Alzheimer's disease and related disorders (ADRD) and other neurodegenerative conditions. It aims to support dementia research, policy, and care by leveraging the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Healthy Brain Initiative (HBI) Roadmap.

Methods: To capture comprehensive data, the VMP integrates self-enrollment and automatic enrollment using Virginia's All-Payer Claims Database (APCD).

Theoretical investigation of the AΠ-XΣ, BΣ-XΣ, CΣ-XΣ, and EΠ-XΣ transitions of the CO molecule.

The spectrum of carbon monoxide is important for astrophysical media, such as planetary atmospheres, interstellar space, exoplanetary and stellar atmospheres; it also important in plasma physics, laser physics and combustion. Interpreting its spectral signature requires a deep and thorough understanding of its absorption and emission properties. A new accurate spectroscopic model for the ground and electronically-excited states of the CO molecule computed at the aug-cc-pV5Z CASSCF/MRCI+Q level is reported.

High Plasma Polyamine Levels Are Associated With an Increased Risk of Poststroke Cognitive Impairment: A Multicenter Prospective Study From CATIS.

Background: Polyamines have been suggested to play pivotal roles in ischemic stroke and neurodegenerative disorders, but the associations of plasma polyamines with poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) remain unclear. We aimed to prospectively investigate the associations of plasma putrescine, spermidine, and spermine with PSCI among patients with ischemic stroke in a multicenter cohort study.

Methods And Results: We measured plasma polyamine levels at baseline among 619 patients with ischemic stroke from a preplanned ancillary study of CATIS (China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke).

Cadherins and Growth Factor Receptors: ligand selective mechano-switches at cadherin junctions.

This study investigated possible mechanisms underlying differences between heterophilic and homophilic cadherin adhesions that influence intercellular mechanics and multicellular organization. Results suggest that homophilic cadherin ligation selectively activates force-transduction, such that resulting signaling and mechano-transduction amplitudes are independent of cadherin binding affinities. Epithelial (E-) and neural (N-) cadherin cooperate with distinct growth factors to mechanically activate force-transduction cascades.

Burden of Valvular Heart Diseases in a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Population: The Bronx-Valve Registry.

Background: Valvular heart disease (VHD) is a major focus of cardiovascular medicine, but limited data are available for racial and ethnic minorities. The aim was to assess the burden and clinical correlates of VHD in a highly diverse area of the United States.

Methods And Results: Individuals with echocardiographic diagnosis of native VHD between January 2010 and December 2019 at a quaternary care health system of the Bronx (New York, USA) were included.

Mapping the spatial atlas of the human bone tissue integrating spatial and single-cell transcriptomics.

Bone is a multifaceted tissue requiring orchestrated interplays of diverse cells within specialized microenvironments. Although significant progress has been made in understanding cellular and molecular mechanisms of component cells of bone, revealing their spatial organization and interactions in native bone tissue microenvironment is crucial for advancing precision medicine, as they govern fundamental signaling pathways and functional dependencies among various bone cells. In this study, we present the first integrative high-resolution map of human bone and bone marrow, using spatial and single-cell transcriptomics profiling from femoral tissue.

Correlating autonomic physiology with symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia after spinal cord injury.

Background: Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) commonly have autonomic dysreflexia (AD) with increased sympathetic activity. After SCI, individuals have decreased baroreflex sensitivity and increased vascular responsiveness.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between baroreflex and blood vessel sensitivity with AD symptoms.

Elevated Cerebrospinal Fluid α-Synuclein Seeding Activity Predicts Central Lewy Body Diseases.

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) α-synuclein seeding activity (SSA) via a seed amplification assay might predict central Lewy body diseases (LBD) in at-risk individuals.

Objective: The aim was to assess CSF SSA in a prospective, longitudinal study.

Methods: Participants self-reported risk factors were genetics, olfactory dysfunction, dream enactment behavior, orthostatic intolerance, or hypotension; individuals who had ≥3 confirmed risk factors underwent CSF sampling and were followed for up to 7.

Use of Digital Health Interventions for Cancer Prevention Among People Living With Disabilities in the United States: A Scoping Review.

Background: The use of digital health strategies for cancer care increased dramatically in the United States over the past 4 years. However, a dearth of knowledge remains about the use of digital health for cancer prevention for some populations with heath disparities. Therefore, the purpose of the present scoping review was to identify digital health interventions for cancer prevention designed for people with disabilities.

Prognostic Value of Frailty in Patients With Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy.

Background: There is scarce data on the prognostic value of frailty in patients with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM). This study aimed to assess the association between frailty and in-hospital outcomes in patients with TCM.

Methods: Adult admissions with TCM were included using the 2016-2019 National Inpatient Sample database.

OzNOxESI: A Novel Mass Spectrometry Ion Chemistry for Elucidating Lipid Double-Bond Regioisomerism in Complex Mixtures.

Double bond (C═C) position isomerism in unsaturated lipids can indicate abnormal lipid metabolism and pathological conditions. Novel chemical derivatization and mass spectrometry-based techniques are under continuing development to provide more accurate elucidation of lipid structure in finer structural detail. Here, we introduce a new ion chemistry for annotating lipid C═C positions, which is highly efficient for liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based lipidomics.

Crispant analysis in zebrafish as a tool for rapid functional screening of disease-causing genes for bone fragility.

Heritable fragile bone disorders (FBDs), ranging from multifactorial to rare monogenic conditions, are characterized by an elevated fracture risk. Validating causative genes and understanding their mechanisms remain challenging. We assessed a semi-high throughput zebrafish screening platform for rapid in vivo functional testing of candidate FBD genes.