Association between the Taq1A polymorphism and problematic media use in preadolescent children.

Objective: Problematic media use (PMU) is addiction-like media use. No study has examined if genetic factors for addiction relate to PMU during childhood. This study tested the association between genetic risk factors for addiction and PMU among 9-to-12-year-olds.

Post-training breakdown: acute effects of different training types on body hydration status and performance.

Objective: Wrestling is a complex sport that requires a combination of strength, endurance, and wrestling-specific technical training. Endurance activities, such as running, are commonly performed for rapid weight reduction before competition. However, these activities can severely disrupt recovery and lead to significant declines in performance.

Where do "chemical imbalance" beliefs come from? Evaluating the impact of different sources.

Introduction: Although the etiology of depression is incredibly complex, the narrative that it is caused by a simple "chemical imbalance" persists in lay settings. We sought to understand where people are exposed to this explanation (i.e.

Assessing self-determined motivation for drinking alcohol via the Comprehensive Relative Autonomy Index for Drinking.

Introduction: Self-Determination Theory (SDT) examines human motivation in multiple domains; however, the only existing measure assessing SDT-informed behavioral regulations for drinking focuses on responsible drinker behaviors, rather than drinking , which is important given the alignment between SDT and harm reduction approaches to alcohol use. The aim of this study was to test the structural validity of the SDT-informed Comprehensive Relative Autonomy Index for Drinking (CRAI-Drinking) among college students.

Methods: Participants included two convenience samples with a total of 630 adult drinkers (M = 21.

Principal investigator gender and clinical trial success: analysis of over 3000 obstetrics and gynecology trials.

Background: In obstetrics and gynecology (OBGYN) research, gender disparities permeate through leadership, funding, promotion, mentorship, publishing, compensation, and publicity. Few studies have investigated OBGYN clinical trial leadership as it relates to investigator gender. Thus, we undertook an investigation of principal investigator (PI) gender and clinical trial success.

Synergistic interaction between wheat streak mosaic virus and Triticum mosaic virus modulates wheat transcriptome to favor disease severity.

Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV; ) and Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV; ), the type members of the genera and , respectively, in the family , are economically important wheat viruses in the Great Plains region of the USA. Co-infection of wheat by WSMV and TriMV results in disease synergism. Wheat transcriptome from singly (WSMV or TriMV) and doubly (WSMV+TriMV) infected upper uninoculated leaves were analyzed by RNA-Seq at 9, 12, and 21 days postinoculation.

Achieving reliable patient reported outcomes collection to measure health care improvement in a learning health network: lessons from pediatric rheumatology care and outcomes improvement network.

Introduction: Data from the Pediatric Rheumatology Care and Outcomes Improvement Network (PR-COIN) registry suggests that reliable collection of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) varies across sites. The objective of this study was to better understand the practices of collecting PROs at PR-COIN sites.

Methods: A REDCap survey was sent to the lead representative for each PR-COIN site.

Can an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-Based Smartphone App Help Individuals with Mental Health Disorders Quit Smoking?

Background: Individuals with mental health disorders face major barriers in accessing smoking cessation care, often due to the stigmas associated with mental disorders and addiction. Consequently, accessible population-based smoking cessation interventions are needed for this vulnerable group.

Objective: This secondary analysis utilized data from a 12-month randomized trial to examine whether an acceptance and commitment therapy-based app (iCanQuit) demonstrated greater efficacy, engagement, and satisfaction compared to a United States (US) Clinical Practice Guidelines-based app (QuitGuide) in helping adults with mental health disorders quit smoking.

Effects of a community pharmacy cardiovascular practice transformation (CPT) program on blood pressure.

Objectives: To implement the Cardiovascular Practice Transformation (CPT) program and evaluate its impact on blood pressure, and to assess the feasibility of implementing the CPT program by identifying obstacles and facilitators.

Methods: Twenty-three Iowa pharmacies participated in the program, each monitoring approximately 10 hypertensive patients for 6 months. Pharmacists assessed blood pressure, medication adherence and addressed medication-related problems during patient visits.

Frequency of Tommy John Surgery in NCAA Division I College Pitchers Versus Weather Conditions.

Background: Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction (UCLR) is a common elbow procedure in baseball pitchers. Previous studies of Major League Baseball pitchers identified the weather as a potential risk factor, as warmer climates enable more annual playing time and increase overuse injury risks.

Purpose: To determine whether weather conditions play a role in UCLR rates and timing for National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I (D1) collegiate pitchers in the United States.

Operating room times differ for surgical fixation of metacarpal fractures: An analysis of two principally different techniques.

Introduction: Time spent in the operating room (OR) has ramifications that impact patient outcomes and the economics of patients, physicians, surgery centers, and insurance industry. For that reason, there is an incentive to seek approaches that allow shorter times to be spent in the OR. To what extent varying routine techniques impact on operating times has not been extensively studied in metacarpal fixation literature, specifically investigating retrograde threaded intramedullary nail fixations (RTNF) and comparing it to open plating fixations (OPF).

Economic and equity evaluation of age restrictions on over-the-counter diet pills and muscle-building supplements.

Over-the-counter diet pills and muscle-building supplements are linked to increased eating disorder diagnoses, especially among youth. With limited regulatory oversight, minors may unknowingly consume harmful substances leading to other adverse effects. Massachusetts has proposed restricting sales to individuals under 18 years.

Timing of pediatric pyloromyotomy on hospital length of stay.

Introduction: Pyloromyotomy timing is predicated upon correction of electrolyte abnormalities. Among infants who presented with normal electrolytes, we hypothesized that pyloromyotomy the evening of presentation, rather than waiting until morning, would confer shorter length of stay (LOS).

Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent pyloromyotomy from 2012 to 2021.

Retrospective evaluation of chemical venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in traumatic brain injury.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE) but few studies address optimal timing or choice of agent.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective review of moderate to severe TBI patients receiving chemical VTE prophylaxis (early initiation [≤ 72 h from admission], late [> 72 h to 7 days], or delayed [> 7 days]) between 2012 through 2017. Primary outcome was VTE occurrence.

Platelets to prevent progression of trauma-induced head bleed in patients on antiplatelet medication.

Background: There are no established guidelines for transfusing platelets in the setting of traumatic brain injury (TBI)-related intracranial hemorrhage for patients on pre-injury antiplatelet medications (APT). Existing literature has produced mixed results regarding the effectiveness of platelet transfusion in containing bleed size or avoiding craniotomy. We compared outcomes of patients on APT with an intracranial bleed due to trauma, between those who did and who did not receive routine platelet transfusion.

Burnout in the female surgical trainee; is it time to consider a more global approach to tackle this issue?

Workplace related burnout is rampant in medicine. Prevalence is even higher in surgical specialties, higher during various stages of training, and higher still in females in these specialties. There has been a concerted effort by various deliberative bodies to institute policies to combat this.

Nutraceutical and low energy shockwave treatments improved sexual function recovery in a rat pelvic neurovascular injury model.

Background: Pelvic trauma can have long-lasting debilitating effects, including severe erectile dysfunction (ED) in men. While there are effective treatments for ED, these treat the symptoms not the cause. Those who suffer from an acute traumatic injury to the neurovascular supply of penis, may benefit from regenerative therapy.

Social media addiction and borderline personality disorder: a survey study.

Background And Aims: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a serious and difficult to treat psychiatric condition characterized by affective and interpersonal instability, impulsivity, and self-image disturbances. Although the relationship between BPD and substance use disorders has been well-established, there has been considerably less research regarding behavioral addictions in this population. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of social media addiction (SMA) among individuals with BPD and to explore whether it is related to aspects of disorder symptomology.

Evaluation of bioaccessibility, metabolic clearance and interaction with xenobiotic receptors (PXR and AhR) of cinnamaldehyde.

Cinnamon is one of the oldest known spices used in various food delicacies and herbal formulations. Cinnamaldehyde is a primary active constituent of cinnamon and substantially contributes to the food additive and medicinal properties of cinnamon. This report deals with cinnamaldehyde bioaccessibility, metabolic clearance, and interaction with human xenobiotic receptors (PXR and AhR).

Mapping the intellectual structure and emerging trends on nanomaterials in colorectal cancer: a bibliometric analysis from 2003 to 2024.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of thes most prevalent malignant tumors worldwide. Current therapeutic strategies for CRC have limitations, while nanomaterials show significant potential for diagnosing and treating CRC. This study utilizes bibliometric analysis to evaluate the current status and trends in this field.

Case report: Resolution of VIPoma-related symptoms with peptide receptor radionuclide therapy.

Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is used for the management of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) not responsive to somatostatin analogs. In this case series, we report two patients with pancreatic vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-secreting NETs (VIPomas) not responsive to any other therapies who achieved symptomatic control and a significant decrease in serum VIP levels with PRRT during their hospital stay. Two patients with VIPomas were admitted to the hospital with multiple prior hospital admissions after going through multiple lines of therapy.

The Competitiveness of Orthopaedic Surgery Residency Programs: A Twenty-year Analysis Utilizing a Normalized Competitive Index.

Objective: To apply a normalized competitive index over a 20-year period to analyse applicant trends in orthopaedic surgery residency programs.

Design: A retrospective analysis of orthopaedic surgery residency program data from the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) Main Residency Match data from 2003 to 2022 and NRMP Charting Outcomes data from 2007 to 2021 was performed. A competitive index (CI) was utilized by dividing the number of programs ranked per applicant, multiplied by available positions, and by the match rate for each year.

NSQIP 30-day outcome measures for below-knee amputations by ICD-10 diagnoses.

Background: The indications for Below-Knee Amputation (BKA) are expansive and etiologic subgroups are not well defined. This analysis uses primary ICD-10 diagnosis codes to stratify patients undergoing BKA, and examines differences in subgroup characteristics and 30-day outcomes.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients in the NSQIP database who underwent BKA between 2015 and 2020.