5,135,450 results match your criteria: "United States; University at Albany School of Public Health[Affiliation]"

Neurovirulent Pathogens Across the Human Lifespan: A Balancing Act.

J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc

January 2025

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Coffee drinking timing and mortality in US adults.

Eur Heart J

January 2025

Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.

Background And Aims: To identify the patterns of coffee drinking timing in the US population and evaluate their associations with all-cause and cause-specific mortality.

Methods: This study included 40 725 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2018 who had complete information on dietary data and 1463 adults from the Women's and Men's Lifestyle Validation Study who had complete data on 7-day dietary record. Clustering analysis was used to identify patterns of coffee drinking timing.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Epigenetic therapies facilitate transcription of immunogenic repetitive elements that cull cancer cells through 'viral mimicry' responses. Paradoxically, cancer-initiating events also facilitate transcription of repetitive elements. Contributions of repetitive element transcription towards cancer initiation, and the mechanisms by which cancer cells evade lethal viral mimicry responses during tumor initiation remain poorly understood.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The need to quantify brain glutathione (GSH) accurately by J-difference spectroscopy has stimulated assessment of the TE effects on GSH edited signals at the popular field strength 3 T. We performed multiple-TE J-difference MRS at two sites to evaluate the GSH T relaxation and TE dependence of the GSH signal resolution. Two 10-ms spectrally selective Gaussian editing RF pulses were implemented in 3 T MEGA-PRESS sequences at two sites having different vendors.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic led to widespread adoption of virtual communication platforms. Virtual study visits were implemented in the pilot cluster randomized trial (CRT) stage of Teen Adherence in KidnEy transplant Improving Tracking To Optimize Outcomes (TAKE-IT TOO). The present study aimed to understand study coordinators' perspectives on conducting a behavioral intervention with adolescent kidney transplant recipients using virtual conferencing platforms.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objectives: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is the most common substance use disorder in the United States. Despite availability of four FDA-approved medications, fewer than 10% of patients are prescribed medication. This study aimed to evaluate the impact and feasibility of emergency department (ED)-initiated oral naltrexone in patients with moderate to severe AUD.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Several factors can impair image quality and reliability of liver magnetic resonance elastography (MRE), such as inadequate driver positioning, insufficient wave propagation and patient-related factors.

Purpose: To report initial results on automatic classification of liver MRE image quality using various deep learning (DL) architectures.

Study Type: Retrospective, single center, IRB-approved human study.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Contingency management (CM), an evidence-based behavioral strategy that rewards positive behavior change including tobacco cessation, is rarely offered to support people with HIV (PWH) who smoke. In this study, we explored perspectives among patients and research staff engaged in a multi-site randomized clinical trial involving clinical pharmacist-delivered CM within HIV clinics. Between February and September 2023, we conducted 1:1 interviews with 12 PWH randomized to receive CM and one focus group with 8 staff (i.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Sleep disturbances are a major public health concern in the United States, leading to adverse health outcomes. In the working population, job strain has been identified as an important risk factor for sleep disturbances, but evidence from the United States remained limited. This study aimed to examine longitudinal associations between job strain and sleep disturbances in the United States, with a focus on the alternative formulations of job strain.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Evolution of rod bipolar cells and rod vision.

J Physiol

January 2025

Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Bipolar cells are vertebrate retinal interneurons conveying signals from rod and cone photoreceptors to amacrine and ganglion cells. Bipolar cells are found in all vertebrates and have many structural and molecular affinities with photoreceptors; they probably appeared very early during vertebrate evolution in conjunction with rod and cone progenitors. There are two types of bipolar cells, responding to central illumination with depolarization (ON) or hyperpolarization (OFF).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: To assess mental health related outcomes of Recipe4Health, a multisectoral social care partnership implementing produce prescriptions with or without group medical visits (GMVs).

Study Setting And Design: Recipe4Health was implemented at five community health centers from 2020 to 2023. Primary care teams referred patients with food insecurity and/or nutrition-sensitive chronic conditions (e.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Imaging and management of calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease.

Skeletal Radiol

January 2025

Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 32 Fruit Street, Yawkey 6044, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.

The radiological manifestations of calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) revolve around two main axes: the asymptomatic form and CPPD disease. The latter is a consequence of an immune response to calcium phosphate crystals. Chondrocalcinosis is broadly considered the radiographic manifestation of CPPD regardless of whether it is asymptomatic or associated with inflammatory arthritis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Cumulative risk scores predict negative outcomes including antisocial behaviour and mental health. Less work has examined the role of cumulative protection, despite the availability of preventive interventions focused on bolstering protection across domains. Understanding links between cumulative risk and protection measured in childhood and later outcomes can help to guide the timing of prevention programmes.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The primary practice of healthcare artificial intelligence (AI) starts with model development, often using state-of-the-art AI, retrospectively evaluated using metrics lifted from the AI literature like AUROC and DICE score. However, good performance on these metrics may not translate to improved clinical outcomes. Instead, we argue for a better development pipeline constructed by working backward from the end goal of positively impacting clinically relevant outcomes using AI, leading to considerations of causality in model development and validation, and subsequently a better development pipeline.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Development and validation of a molecular classifier of meningiomas.

Neuro Oncol

January 2025

MacFeeters Hamilton Neuro-Oncology Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Background: Meningiomas exhibit considerable clinical and biological heterogeneity. We previously identified four distinct molecular groups (immunogenic, NF2-wildtype, hypermetabolic, proliferative) that address much of this heterogeneity. Despite the utility of these groups, the stochasticity of clustering methods and the use of multi-omics data for discovery limits the potential for classifying prospective cases.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

FGFR2 directs inhibition of WNT signaling to regulate anterior fontanelle closure during skull development.

Development

January 2025

Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.

The calvarial bones of the infant skull are linked by transient fibrous joints known as sutures and fontanelles, which are essential for skull compression during birth and expansion during postnatal brain growth. Genetic conditions caused by pathogenic variants in FGFR2, such as Apert, Pfeiffer, Crouzon syndromes, result in calvarial deformities due to premature suture fusion and a persistently open anterior fontanelle (AF). In this study we investigated how Fgfr2 regulates AF closure by leveraging mouse genetics and single-cell transcriptomics.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Investigating the relationship, particularly the lead-lag effect, between time series is a common question across various disciplines, especially when uncovering biological processes. However, analyzing time series presents several challenges. Firstly, due to technical reasons, the time points at which observations are made are not at uniform intervals.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Mutation impact on mRNA versus protein expression across human cancers.

Gigascience

January 2025

Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.

Background: Cancer mutations are often assumed to alter proteins, thus promoting tumorigenesis. However, how mutations affect protein expression-in addition to gene expression-has rarely been systematically investigated. This is significant as mRNA and protein levels frequently show only moderate correlation, driven by factors such as translation efficiency and protein degradation.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Spatiotemporal dynamics of fetal liver hematopoietic niches.

J Exp Med

February 2025

Immunology Department, Unit of Lymphocytes and Immunity, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.

Embryonic hematopoietic cells develop in the fetal liver (FL), surrounded by diverse non-hematopoietic stromal cells. However, the spatial organization and cytokine production patterns of the stroma during FL development remain poorly understood. Here, we characterized and mapped the hematopoietic and stromal cell populations at early (E12.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Patients with large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) progressing after anti-CD19 CAR T-cell (CAR19) therapy have poor outcomes. Subsequent CAR T-cell therapy shows promise, but the impact of residual CAR19 and early relapse remains unclear. We evaluated 37 CAR19-refractory LBCL patients who received anti-CD22 CAR T-cell (CAR22) in a phase 1b trial (NCT04088890).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

BMT CTN 1506 ("MORPHO"; NCT02997202) was a randomized phase 3 study of gilteritinib compared to placebo as maintenance therapy after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) for patients with FLT3-ITD-mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML). A key secondary endpoint was to determine the impact on survival of pre- and/or post-HCT measurable residual disease (MRD), as determined using a highly sensitive assay for FLT3-ITD mutations. Generally, gilteritinib maintenance therapy was associated with improved relapse-free survival (RFS) for participants with detectable peri-HCT MRD, whereas no benefit was evident for those lacking detectable MRD.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF