The interaction of adverse childhood experiences, sex, and transgender identity as risk factors for depression: disparities in transgender adults.

Introduction: The intersectionality of sexism, transphobia, and adverse childhood experiences (ACE) on the mental health of transgender adults is poorly understood. We assessed whether the known association between ACE and depression was modified (or differed) by adult transgender identity and by assigned sex at birth, which we used as a proxy for adults' biological (e.g.

Machine learning and molecular docking prediction of potential inhibitors against dengue virus.

Introduction: Dengue Fever continues to pose a global threat due to the widespread distribution of its vector mosquitoes, and . While the WHO-approved vaccine, Dengvaxia, and antiviral treatments like Balapiravir and Celgosivir are available, challenges such as drug resistance, reduced efficacy, and high treatment costs persist. This study aims to identify novel potential inhibitors of the Dengue virus (DENV) using an integrative drug discovery approach encompassing machine learning and molecular docking techniques.

From the ocean to our kitchen table: anthropogenic particles in the edible tissue of U.S. West Coast seafood species.

Microplastics (MPs) and other anthropogenic particles (APs) are pervasive environmental contaminants found throughout marine and aquatic environments. We quantified APs in the edible tissue of black rockfish, lingcod, Chinook salmon, Pacific herring, Pacific lamprey, and pink shrimp, comparing AP burdens across trophic levels and between vessel-retrieved and retail-purchased individuals. Edible tissue was digested and analyzed under a microscope, and a subset of suspected APs was identified using spectroscopy (μFTIR).

Challenges in establishing small animal models for : Host specificity and resistance to infection in rodent hosts.

This study explores potential small animal models for the dog hookworm, , a parasitic nematode which has repeatedly exhibited the ability to develop resistance to a range of anthelmintics. Immunomodulated hamsters, gerbils, rats, and mice were infected with Despite varying degrees of immunosuppression, and in some cases, total adaptive immunodeficiency, no adult worms were recovered, and larval arrest (L3 stage) occurred in muscle tissue of mice and hamsters. This highlights the strict host specificity of and emphasizes the challenges of developing rodent models usable for anthelmintic testing with a strict specialist parasite.

The effect of GV-58, a calcium channel modifier, on synaptic transmission at the larval and crayfish neuromuscular junctions.

GV-58 is known to increase the opening time of the mammalian P-type calcium channel in presynaptic motor nerve terminals. GV-58 is suggested as a therapeutic agent for dampening the symptoms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. To further understand the mechanisms of GV-58 actions, the and crayfish neuromuscular junctions were used as models.

A Bibliometric Analysis of the 100 Top-Cited Articles on Vertical Root Fractures.

The aim of this study was to perform a meticulous analysis and bibliometric evaluation of the top 100 most cited articles in vertical root fractures (VRFs). The bibliometric research method included 100 top-cited articles on VRFs retrieved from the Web of Science database. The key terms "vertical root fracture" OR "vertical root fractures" were used to retrieve the required dataset.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 1,3,3,4,4,5,5-hepta-fluoro-2-(3-[(2,3,3,4,4,5,5-hepta-fluoro-cyclo-penten-1-yl)-oxy]-2-{[(2,3,3,4,4,5,5-hepta-fluoro-cyclo-penten-1-yl)-oxy]meth-yl}-2-methyl-prop-oxy)cyclo-pentene.

In the title compound, CHFO, a central -hybridized carbon atom is decorated with three hepta-fluoro-2-meth-yloxy(cyclo-pent-1-ene) arms and a methyl group. The primary packing is determined by C-F⋯F-C inter-actions, forming [001] chains, which are consolidated weaker C-F⋯F-C and C-H⋯F-C contacts. A Hirshfeld surface analysis was conducted to aid in the visualization of these various influences on the packing: this revealed that the largest contribution to the surface contacts arises from F⋯F inter-actions (53.

Assessing Artificial Intelligence (AI) Implementation for Assisting Gene Linking (at the National Library of Medicine).

Objectives: The National Library of Medicine (NLM) currently indexes close to a million articles each year pertaining to more than 5300 medicine and life sciences journals. Of these, a significant number of articles contain critical information about the structure, genetics, and function of genes and proteins in normal and disease states. These articles are identified by the NLM curators, and a manual link is created between these articles and the corresponding gene records at the NCBI Gene database.

Development and validation of computable social phenotypes for health-related social needs.

Objective: Measurement of health-related social needs (HRSNs) is complex. We sought to develop and validate computable phenotypes (CPs) using structured electronic health record (EHR) data for food insecurity, housing instability, financial insecurity, transportation barriers, and a composite-type measure of these, using human-defined rule-based and machine learning (ML) classifier approaches.

Materials And Methods: We collected HRSN surveys as the reference standard and obtained EHR data from 1550 patients in 3 health systems from 2 states.

Unraveling melorheostosis: insights into clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment.

Melorheostosis is a rare bone disease characterized by abundant bone formation with a characteristic radiographic appearance that resembles "dripping candle wax." Recent data have shown that the majority of cases are due to somatic activating mutations in bone. Melorheostosis has several clinical and radiographic presentations, which are now known to be caused by different somatic mutations such as , , , and .

Loss of does not affect bone and lean tissue in zebrafish.

Human genetic studies have nominated cadherin-like and PC-esterase domain-containing 1 () as a candidate target gene mediating bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk heritability. Recent efforts to define the role of in bone in mouse and human models have revealed complex alternative splicing and inconsistent results arising from gene targeting, making its function in bone difficult to interpret. To better understand the role of in adult bone mass and morphology, we conducted a comprehensive genetic and phenotypic analysis of in zebrafish, an emerging model for bone and mineral research.

Discoidin Domain Receptor 1 impacts bone microarchitecture with aging in female mice.

Discoidin Domain Receptor 1 (DDR1) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that binds to and is activated by collagen(s), including collagen type I. deletion in osteoblasts and chondrocytes has previously demonstrated the importance of this receptor in bone development. In this study, we examined the effect of DDR1 ablation on bone architecture and mechanics as a function of aging.

Role of salvianolic acid B in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of animal models.

Background: Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) is potentially the most valuable water-soluble active component in Salvia miltiorrhiza. Its chemical formula contains multiple phenolic hydroxyl groups, so it has a strong antioxidant capacity.

Objective: We aim to investigate the efficacy and the potential mechanism of Sal B in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke injury.

Enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab for previously untreated locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma: a cost-effectiveness analysis.

Background: Both the antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) enfortumab vedotin (EV) and programmed death-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab have been shown to provide survival benefits in patients previously treated with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (la/mUC). Cost-effectiveness is necessary to consider whether the increased efficacy of the two therapies will lead to higher prices for first-line treatment of previously untreated la/mUC.

Objectives: To guide the choice of EV plus pembrolizumab or chemotherapy for patients with previously untreated la/mUC.

Financial challenges of being on long-term, high-cost medications.

The isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) inhibitor, vorasidenib, may offer a promising new treatment option for patients with IDH-mutant gliomas. However, the indefinite nature of this targeted therapy raises significant financial concerns. High costs of targeted cancer therapies, often exceeding $150 000 annually, contribute to financial toxicity, characterized by medical debt, income loss, and psychological stress, and place stress on health systems.

Effects of short-term, high-dose cocoa-derived flavanol supplementation on gut microbiota composition: secondary findings from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study.

Cocoa-derived flavanols (CDF) may act as prebiotics. However, evidence is inconsistent, and the duration and dose of CDF intake needed to elicit any prebiotic effect are undefined. This randomized, double-blind, crossover study determined the effects of short-term, high-dose dietary supplementation with CDF versus matched placebo on gut microbiota composition in 8 healthy adults.

Social jetlag and diet quality among US young adults: interactions with race/ethnicity.

The objective was to examine associations between social jetlag and diet quality among young adults in the US using nationally representative data from the 2017-2018 NHANES survey, and evaluate effect modification by gender and race/ethnicity. Social jetlag was considered ≥2-hour difference in sleep midpoint (median of bedtime and wake time) between weekends and weekdays. Diet quality was assessed with the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 and its 13 dietary components.

Both English- and Spanish-Language Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Online Patient Education Materials Are Written at Higher-Than-Recommended Reading Levels.

Purpose: To examine the overall reading levels of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction online patient education materials (OPEMs) written in English and Spanish.

Methods: We conducted Google searches for OPEMs using "ACL surgery" and "" as English and Spanish search terms, respectively. Several measures of readability were used to analyze 25 English-language OPEMs (Flesch Reading Ease, Flesch Reading Ease Grade Level, Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, Coleman-Liau Index, Gunning Fog Index, and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook) and 25 Spanish-language OPEMs (Fernández-Huerta Index, Fernández-Huerta Grade Level, and Índice de Legibilidad de Flesch-Szigriszt).

The role of Aha1 in cancer and neurodegeneration.

The 90 kDa Heat shock protein (Hsp90) is a family of ubiquitously expressed molecular chaperones responsible for the stabilization and maturation of >400 client proteins. Hsp90 exhibits dramatic conformational changes to accomplish this, which are regulated by partner proteins termed co-chaperones. One of these co-chaperones is called the activator or Hsp90 ATPase activity homolog 1 (Aha1) and is the most potent accelerator of Hsp90 ATPase activity.

Mapping the research landscape of microRNAs in pain: a comprehensive bibliometric analysis.

Background And Objectives: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have demonstrated significant potential in pain medicine research, including mechanisms, diagnosis, and therapy. However, no relative bibliometric analysis has been performed to summarize the progress in this area quantitatively.

Methods: Literature was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection online database.

Healthcare provider perspectives on barriers and facilitators to integration of cardiovascular disease-related care into HIV care and treatment clinics in urban Tanzania.

Background: The increase in the dual burden of HIV and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), calls for the provision of integrated HIV/CVD care. This study aimed to explore barriers and facilitators to the integration of HIV/CVD care within HIV care and treatment clinics (CTCs) in urban, Tanzania.

Methods: Between March and April 2023, we conducted 12 key informant interviews with healthcare providers at six HIV CTCs in urban, Tanzania.

Enhancing mass vaccination programs with queueing theory and spatial optimization.

Background: Mass vaccination is a cornerstone of public health emergency preparedness and response. However, injudicious placement of vaccination sites can lead to the formation of long waiting lines or , which discourages individuals from waiting to be vaccinated and may thus jeopardize the achievement of public health targets. Queueing theory offers a framework for modeling queue formation at vaccination sites and its effect on vaccine uptake.

Multi-method approach effectively identifies and engages children impacted by parental substance misuse into school-based prevention services.

Children living in households where parents or caregiving adults misuse substances face significant risk academically, socially, physically, and emotionally. An estimated 12% or more of U.S.

Translation of a longitudinal survey of veterans' well-being into action by a research-practice-policy partnership.

Introduction: Research-practice-policy partnerships are shifting the academic research paradigm toward collaboration and research-informed action at community and policy levels. In this case study, researchers partnered with philanthropic foundations to actualize data findings from a rigorous, longitudinal study.

Context: In 2016, a survey of post-9/11 military veterans began assessing veterans' well-being in key domains: health, vocation (education and employment), finances, and social relationships.