The relationship between cardiometabolic Index and diabetic kidney disease in people with diabetes.

Introduction: Studies have shown a strong correlation between the cardiometabolic index (CMI) and health issues such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, and decreased renal function. Nevertheless, the correlation between CMI and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains ambiguous. The objective of this study is to evaluate the correlation between CMI and DKD in patients with diabetes in the United States.

Efficacy of cartilage-targeted IGF-1 in a mouse model of growth hormone insensitivity.

Recombinant human IGF-1 is used to treat severe primary IGF-1 deficiency, but this treatment requires twice-daily injection, often does not fully correct the growth deficit, and has important off-target effects. We therefore sought to target IGF-1 to growth plate cartilage by generating fusion proteins combining IGF-1 with single-chain human antibody fragments that target matrilin-3, a cartilage matrix protein. We previously showed that this cartilage-targeting IGF-1 fusion protein (CV1574-1) promoted growth plate function in a GH-deficient (lit) mouse model.

Piloting a battery to evaluate parasympathetic reactivity and externalizing behaviours during early childhood in autism spectrum disorder.

Background: Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia Reactivity (RSA-R) correlates both positively and negatively with externalizing behavior in autistic individuals. These inconsistencies may result from task-based differences. This pilot study measured RSA-R in 4-to 6-year-olds, across two time-points, using four validated tasks with matched baseline and challenge periods.

Sociodemographic Factors Associated with Purchasing Frozen, Fresh, Canned, and Dried Produce in a Nationally Representative Sample of United States Households.

Background: Frozen fruits and vegetables (FV) are convenient, cost-effective, reduce food waste, and can be just as nutritious as their fresh counterparts. Despite these numerous advantages, it is unclear which consumer segments are more likely to purchase frozen FV, especially compared with fresh, canned, or dried FV, which could help inform targeted nutrition education interventions.

Objective: The objective of this study is to explore sociodemographic factors associated with increased or decreased odds of purchasing frozen, fresh, canned, and dried FV in a nationally representative sample.

Nitric oxide in exercise physiology: past and present perspectives.

Nitric oxide (NO) is a ubiquitous signaling molecule known to modulate various physiological processes, with specific implications in skeletal muscle and broader applications in exercise performance. This review focuses on the modulation of skeletal muscle function, mitochondrial adaptation and function, redox state by NO, and the effect of nitrate supplementation on exercise performance. In skeletal muscle function, NO is believed to increase the maximal shortening velocity and peak power output of muscle fibers.

Multisensory naturalistic decoding with high-density diffuse optical tomography.

Significance: Decoding naturalistic content from brain activity has important neuroscience and clinical implications. Information about visual scenes and intelligible speech has been decoded from cortical activity using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electrocorticography, but widespread applications are limited by the logistics of these technologies.

Aim: High-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) offers image quality approaching that of fMRI but with the silent, open scanning environment afforded by optical methods, thus opening the door to more naturalistic research and applications.

Acute beneficial effects of a functional energy shot on cognitive performance and mood states during cognitively demanding task performance: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial.

Introduction: Functional beverages are increasingly popular but it is important to validate their purported effects through research. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of a new functional energy shot on cognitive performance and mood states in healthy adults, with a focus on measuring mental energy enhancement and attenuation of negative effects associated with extended performance of mentally demanding tasks.

Methods: This study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial.

Bibliometric analysis of teen pregnancy research in Asia-Africa: Explore the future scope.

Background: Adolescent pregnancy is prevalent in Asian-African countries. Hence, it is critical to track the progress of research and development trends related to the topic. The study aimed to characterize published articles on teen pregnancy by measuring the authors' country and affiliation, most relevant and cited journals, thematic research, and growth trends.

A Longitudinal Investigation of Trans and Nonbinary Youth Identity: Individual Processes and Family Agreement in the Trans Teen and Family Narratives Project.

Few studies have focused on transgender and nonbinary youths' (TNBY) gender development and even less well understood is how family members understand TNBY identity. The current study investigated: a) how TNBY describe their gender identity over time, and b) how family members understand TNBY gender identity over time. The baseline sample included 96 members of 33 families (33 TNBY, 48 cisgender caregivers, 15 siblings) from the United States; 30 families continued after Wave 1.

Global Trends in Studies on the Presence of spp. in Patients Diagnosed with Blepharitis.

Background: The main objective of this study is to review publications on the presence of spp. in patients diagnosed with blepharitis worldwide and to analyse the trends and groups in this field.

Methods: This bibliometric study was conducted to detect the presence of spp.

Inactivation of antibiotic resistant bacteria by nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots through spontaneous generation of intracellular and extracellular reactive oxygen species.

The widespread antibiotic resistance has called for alternative antimicrobial agents. Carbon nanomaterials, especially carbon quantum dots (CQDs), may be promising alternatives due to their desirable physicochemical properties and potential antimicrobial activity, but their antimicrobial mechanism remains to be investigated. In this study, nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) were synthesized to inactivate antibiotic-resistant bacteria and treat bacterial keratitis.

Genome-wide analysis of sugar transporter gene family in and , expression profiling and identification of transcription factors.

Sugar, the primary product of photosynthesis, is a vital requirement for cell activities. Allocation of sugar from source to sink tissues is facilitated by sugar transporters (ST). These STs belong to the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS), the largest family of STs in plants.

Fertilizer potential of biochar and ryegrass productivity in metal-contaminated soil.

Introduction: Response to fertilization with biochar in contaminated soils for forage crops lacks comprehensive understanding. This study delves into the role of biochar in enhancing soil pH and phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) availability for ryegrass () in clay and silt loam metal-contaminated soils.

Methods: Two pot experiments were conducted using switchgrass-derived biochar (SGB) and poultry litter-derived biochar (PLB) with varying biochar application rates: one without plants and the other with ryegrass.

Building an open-source community to enhance autonomic nervous system signal analysis: DBDP-autonomic.

Smartphones and wearable sensors offer an unprecedented ability to collect peripheral psychophysiological signals across diverse timescales, settings, populations, and modalities. However, open-source software development has yet to keep pace with rapid advancements in hardware technology and availability, creating an analytical barrier that limits the scientific usefulness of acquired data. We propose a community-driven, open-source peripheral psychophysiological signal pre-processing and analysis software framework that could advance biobehavioral health by enabling more robust, transparent, and reproducible inferences involving autonomic nervous system data.

Disparities in Trauma Care for Latino Patients: An Analysis by Trauma Center Verification Level.

Introduction Trauma is the leading cause of death for individuals under 45 in the United States (US), with significant disparities in outcomes among minority groups. Latinos, the largest ethnic minority in the US, often face barriers to optimal trauma care that may require additional resources. This study aimed to compare trauma outcomes for Latino patients treated at Level I versus Level II/III trauma centers (TCs).

Frequency and Predictors of Conversion From Laparoscopic to Open Cholecystectomy: A Single-Center Observational Study.

Objective: The study aimed to investigate the rate of conversion from laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) to open cholecystectomy (OC) in our population and determine the potential risk factors associated with it. Understanding these factors helps surgeons predict complex cases and plan surgeries, reducing patient risks and improving outcomes.

Methodology: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted from June 1, 2022, to May 31, 2023, at Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, on 349 patients undergoing elective LC.

Definition of a European pre-vasectomy scoring system to identify patients at risk of vasectomy regret.

Introduction: Vasectomy is a widely used, safe, effective method of permanent contraception and contributes to healthy sexuality.

Aims: We have conducted a 3-step observational clinical study to develop a vasectomy regret risk score and guide patients and clinicians when discussing a vasectomy.

Methods: A 3-step approach has been followed.

Influential articles in autism and gut microbiota: bibliometric profile and research trends.

Objective: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder. Increasing evidence suggests that it is potentially related to gut microbiota, but no prior bibliometric analysis has been performed to explore the most influential works in the relationships between ASD and gut microbiota. In this study, we conducted an in-depth analysis of the most-cited articles in this field, aiming to provide insights to the existing body of research and guide future directions.

Electroacupuncture may protect pulmonary dysplasia in offspring with perinatal nicotine exposure by altering maternal gut microbiota and metabolites.

Background: Perinatal nicotine exposure (PNE) induces pulmonary dysplasia in offspring and it increases the risk of respiratory diseases both in offspring and across generations. The maternal gut microbiota and its metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), can regulate fetal lung development and are susceptible to nicotine exposure. Therefore, modulation of PNE-induced changes in maternal gut microbiota and SCFAs may prevent the occurrence of pulmonary dysplasia in offspring.

Pyrrocidines A and B demonstrate synergistic inhibition of growth.

-a mycotoxigenic fungus and food safety threat-coinhabits maize kernels with . This protective endophyte produces secondary metabolites of interest, pyrrocidines A and B, which inhibit the growth of and specifically block fumonisin biosynthesis. Previous transcriptomic analyses found (FVEG_00314), a gene adjacent to the fumonisin biosynthetic gene cluster, to be induced over 4,000-fold in response to pyrrocidine challenge.

Exploring the alleviating effects of metabolite lactic acid on non-alcoholic steatohepatitis through the gut-liver axis.

Objective: This study investigates the protective effects of lactic acid, a metabolite of , on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced by a high-sugar, high-fat diet (HFD) in mice, in the context of the gut-liver axis.

Methods: A NAFLD mouse model was established using a HFD, and different intervention groups were set up to study the protective effects of and its metabolite lactic acid. The groups included a control group, NAFLD group, treatment group, Glyceraldehyde-3-P (G-3P) co-treatment group, and NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) overexpression group.

Evolutionary patterns and research frontiers in autophagy in podocytopathies: a bibliometric analysis.

Introduction: Podocytopathies are a uniquely renal disease syndrome, in which direct or indirect podocyte injury leads to proteinuria or nephrotic syndrome. Of the many factors that contribute to podocytopathies, the abnormal regulation of autophagy, such insufficient or excessive autophagy levels, have been proposed to play a significant role in the occurrence and development of podocytopathies. However, there still has been a lack of systematic and comparative research to elucidate exact role of autophagy in podocytopathies and its current research status.