Negative effects of adverse childhood experiences and absence of positive childhood experiences on healthcare employees: survey findings built on 10 years of trauma-informed development.

Introduction: Existing data on how history of trauma and adversity affects healthcare professionals is limited. This study sought to describe the prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Positive Childhood Experiences (PCEs) and their association with present-day workplace and wellbeing outcomes among a sample of healthcare teammates overall, as well as specifically among nurses. The paper also describes local trauma-informed care initiatives that supported study feasibility.

Age-associated alterations in immune and inflammatory responses in captive olive baboons ().

Introduction: Advanced age is a primary risk factor for many chronic diseases and conditions; however, age-related immune dysregulation is not well understood. Animal models, particularly those that resemble human age-related physiological changes, are needed to better understand immunosenescence and to improve health outcomes. Here, we explore the utility of the olive baboon (Papio anubis) in studying age-related changes to the immune system and understanding mechanisms of immunosenescence.

Iconography of abnormal non-neuronal cells in pediatric focal cortical dysplasia type IIb and tuberous sclerosis complex.

Once believed to be the culprits of epileptogenic activity, the functional properties of balloon/giant cells (BC/GC), commonly found in some malformations of cortical development including focal cortical dysplasia type IIb (FCDIIb) and tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), are beginning to be unraveled. These abnormal cells emerge during early brain development as a result of a hyperactive mTOR pathway and may express both neuronal and glial markers. A paradigm shift occurred when our group demonstrated that BC/GC in pediatric cases of FCDIIb and TSC are unable to generate action potentials and lack synaptic inputs.

Emirates consensus recommendations on cardiovascular risk management in type 2 diabetes.

Background: The combination of cardiovascular disease and diabetes is a highly prevalent condition in the United Arab Emirates. Development and dissemination of evidence-based regional recommendations for optimal screening, treatment and referrals of people with diabetes and high cardiovascular risk is an important priority.

Consensus Panel: An expert panel of diabetologists, endocrinologists and cardiologists from the Emirates Cardiac Society and Emirates Diabetes and Endocrine Society as well as different entities in the UAE, discussed and reviewed evidence and also a consensus report from the American Diabetes Association to formulate contextualized recommendations that could be applied for optimal management of cardiovascular risk in people with diabetes in the UAE.

Corrigendum: Review of adult gender transition medications: mechanisms, efficacy measures, and pharmacogenomic considerations.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.

Antidiabetic agent use and clinical outcomes in patients with diabetes hospitalized for COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The effect of antidiabetic agents on mortality outcomes is unclear for individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) who are hospitalized for COVID-19.

Purpose: To examine the relationship between antidiabetic agent use and clinical outcomes in individuals with DM hospitalized for COVID-19.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature (2020-2024) was performed across five databases.

Point prevalence survey of antibiotics in a pediatric tertiary hospital in the Republic of Panama.

Objective: To conduct a point prevalence survey (PPS) of antibiotic use in the main pediatric tertiary-level hospital in Panama City to establish antibiotic prevalence and identify key areas for addressing antimicrobial resistance.

Methods: This point prevalence survey (PPS) conducted in a tertiary-level hospital in Panama followed the Pan American Health Organization's adaptation of the methodology proposed by the World Health Organization for PPSs on antibiotic use. Information obtained included patients' demographic characteristics, antimicrobial prescriptions, indication for antimicrobial use, and prescription's adherence to guidelines.

Android avatar improves educational effects by embodied anthropomorphization.

After the COVID-19 pandemic, the adoption of distance learning has been accelerated in educational institutions in multiple countries. In addition to using a videoconferencing system with camera images, avatars can also be used for remote classes. In particular, an android avatar with a sense of presence has the potential to provide higher quality education than a video-recorded lecture.

Pre-pregnancy fertility guidance for women of childbearing age with epilepsy: A scoping review.

Background: Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological conditions affecting women of reproductive age. Epilepsy management during pregnancy is a clinical conundrum, requiring a balance between seizure control and risk minimization for women with epilepsy, as well as for their fetuses.

Objective: In this review, we aimed to systematically search, evaluate, and summarize relevant evidence on perinatal fertility guidance for women with epilepsy to provide a basis for medical staff to offer comprehensive fertility counseling.

Toward a hyperventilation detection system in freediving: a proof of concept using force sensor technology.

Background And Aim: Hyperventilation before breath-hold diving (freediving) is widely accepted as a risk factor for hypoxic syncope or blackout (BO), but there is no practical way to address it before dives. This study explores the feasibility of using a force sensor to predict end-tidal carbon dioxide ( CO) to assess hyperventilation in freedivers.

Methods And Results: Twenty-one freedivers volunteered to participate during two national competitions.

Muscle power is associated with higher levels of walking capacity and self-reported gait performance and physical activity in individuals with cerebral palsy.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between a Power Leg Press test (PLP) with walking capacity and self-reported performance and participation in individuals with Cerebral Palsy (CP), and to compare the strength of the associations between two power tests (PLP and isokinetic (IsoK)) with walking capacity.

Methods: Ambulatory individuals with CP (n = 33; age 17.89 ± 7.

The impact of different exercise modalities on chronic kidney disease: an umbrella review of meta-analyses.

Introduction: Exercise is widely recognized for its benefits to chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. However, the specific impact of different exercise modalities on CKD-related outcomes remains unclear. This study sought to summarize the effects of different exercise modalities on the main outcomes impacted by CKD.

Gameplay and physical activity behaviors in adult video game players.

Introduction: Since the early 2000s, the video game industry has seen extraordinary booms in product development and market growth, with the total number of video game players globally reaching 2.69 billion by the end of 2020. Despite the rapid growth of the industry, there is little recent data investigating the time adult video game players spend sedentary playing video games and the time they spent engaged in physical activity.

Hypercoagulable states in young adults with ischemic stroke in a Stroke Belt state: a retrospective study.

We theorize that the southeastern United States has a higher stroke mortality rate and higher recurrent ischemic stroke rate than the rest of the United States due to (1) an increased prevalence of hypercoagulable states among young adults in the region, (2) failure to diagnose hypercoagulable states as the cause of ischemic stroke in young adults, and (3) underutilization of anticoagulation for ischemic stroke secondary prevention in young adults with hypercoagulable states. In an attempt to investigate this hypothesis, we conducted a retrospective chart review of 311 inpatients with first-ever ischemic stroke from age 18 to 55 years at an Oklahoma academic medical center from 1 July 2011 to 30 April 2017. Using Chi-squared test, we compared the stroke etiologic diagnosis of the attending neurologist at discharge-when hypercoagulable profile results were rarely available-to the diagnosis of a vascular neurologist postdischarge who had access to all available etiologic test results.

Advances in CAR T cell therapy: antigen selection, modifications, and current trials for solid tumors.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has revolutionized the treatment of hematologic malignancies, achieving remarkable clinical success with FDA-approved therapies targeting CD19 and BCMA. However, the extension of these successes to solid tumors remains limited due to several intrinsic challenges, including antigen heterogeneity and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances in CAR T cell therapy aimed at overcoming these obstacles.

The effect of HLA genotype on disease onset and severity in CTLA-4 insufficiency.

Introduction: Human Cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte-antigen-4 (CTLA-4) insufficiency caused by heterozygous germline mutations in is a complex immune dysregulation and immunodeficiency syndrome presenting with reduced penetrance and variable disease expressivity, suggesting the presence of disease modifiers that trigger the disease onset and severity. Various genetic and non-genetic potential triggers have been analyzed in CTLA-4 insufficiency cohorts, however, none of them have revealed a clear association to the disease. Multiple HLA haplotypes have been positively or negatively associated with various autoimmune diseases and inborn errors of immunity (IEI) due to the relevance of MHC in the strength of the T cell responses.

The global trends and distribution in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes over the past 49 years: bibliometric and visualized analysis.

Background: The body of research on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is expanding rapidly; yet, a comprehensive analysis of related publications has been notably absent.

Objective: This study utilizes bibliometric methodologies to identify emerging research hotspots and to map the distribution of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte research.

Methods: Literature from the Web of Science database was analyzed and visualized using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, Scimago Graphica, R-bibliometrix, and R packages.

Substrate curvature influences cytoskeletal rearrangement and modulates macrophage phenotype.

Introduction: Inflammation is a vital immune response, tightly orchestrated through both biochemical and biophysical cues. Dysregulated inflammation contributes to chronic diseases, highlighting the need for novel therapies that modulate immune responses with minimal side effects. While several biochemical pathways of inflammation are well understood, the influence of physical properties such as substrate curvature on immune cell behavior remains underexplored.

Therapeutic effects of platelet-derived extracellular vesicles on viral myocarditis correlate with biomolecular content.

Introduction: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can potently inhibit inflammation yet there is a lack of understanding about the impact of donor characteristics on the efficacy of EVs. The goal of this study was to determine whether the sex and age of donor platelet-derived EVs (PEV) affected their ability to inhibit viral myocarditis.

Methods: PEV, isolated from men and women of all ages, was compared to PEV obtained from women under 50 years of age, which we termed premenopausal PEV (pmPEV).

A bibliometric analysis of optic atrophy from 2003 to 2023: research trends and hot spots.

Background: Optic atrophy (OA) is primarily caused by damage to the retinal pathway system, including widespread degeneration of retinal ganglion cells and axons, leading to visual impairment and blindness. Despite its clinical significance and diverse etiological factors, there is currently a lack of comprehensive bibliometric analyses exploring research trends and hotspots within this field.

Method: This study retrieved relevant literature on OA published between 2003 and 2023 from the Web of Science Core Collection database.

Epidemiology of Wrestling Injuries in Female Athletes at US Emergency Departments.

Purpose Wrestling injuries in female athletes is an understudied topic. The aim of this study is to characterize the injuries that occur in female wrestlers aged five to 18 who presented to United States (US) emergency departments (ED) from 2014-2023 and compare patterns between youth and adolescent wrestlers. Method This was a retrospective comparative study including female patients aged five to 18 years of age presenting to the ED due to an injury related to their participation in the sport of wrestling.