A trend of osteocalcin in diabetes mellitus research: bibliometric and visualization analysis.

Background: Osteocalcin has attracted attention for its potential role in diabetes management. However, there has been no bibliometric assessment of scientific progress in this field.

Methods: We analysed 1680 articles retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) between 1 January 1986 and 10 May 2024 using various online tools.

Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease: A Review.

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication of chronic liver disease (CLD) contributing to high morbidity and mortality worldwide. While liver transplantation (LT) has shown favorable outcomes, early identification and management of AKI is imperative for survival. This review aims to highlight the epidemiology, pathophysiology, management, and prognosis of AKI in CLD.

The Evolution of Immunosuppressive Therapy in Pig-to-Nonhuman Primate Organ Transplantation.

An overview is provided of the evolution of strategies towards xenotransplantation during the past almost 40 years, focusing on advances in gene-editing of the organ-source pigs, pre-transplant treatment of the recipient, immunosuppressive protocols, and adjunctive therapy. Despite initial challenges, including hyperacute rejection resulting from natural (preformed) antibody binding and complement activation, significant progress has been made through gene editing of the organ-source pigs and refinement of immunosuppressive regimens. Major steps were the identification and deletion of expression of the three known glycan xenoantigens on pig vascular endothelial cells, the transgenic expression of human "protective" proteins, e.

Dental manifestations of hypophosphatasia: translational and clinical advances.

Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is an inherited error in metabolism resulting from loss-of-function variants in the gene, which encodes tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP). TNAP plays a crucial role in biomineralization of bones and teeth, in part by reducing levels of inorganic pyrophosphate (PP), an inhibitor of biomineralization. HPP onset in childhood contributes to rickets, including growth plate defects and impaired growth.

Environment scan of generative AI infrastructure for clinical and translational science.

This study reports a comprehensive environmental scan of the generative AI (GenAI) infrastructure in the national network for clinical and translational science across 36 institutions supported by the CTSA Program led by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) at the United States. Key findings indicate a diverse range of institutional strategies, with most organizations in the experimental phase of GenAI deployment. The results underscore the need for a more coordinated approach to GenAI governance, emphasizing collaboration among senior leaders, clinicians, information technology staff, and researchers.

A cross-sectional study to estimate the cost of managing patients with acute on chronic liver failure at a tertiary care centre.

Background: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a life threatening disease. This study seeks to identify factors that contribute to greater financial burden in ACLF.

Methods: In total, 55 patients were included.

Fatty acid oxidation-induced HIF-1α activation facilitates hepatic urate synthesis through upregulating NT5C2 and XDH.

Dyslipidemia affects approximately half of all people with gout, and prior Mendelian randomization analysis suggested a causal role for elevated triglycerides in hyperuricemia (HU), but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. We hypothesize that dyslipidemia promotes hepatic urate biosynthesis in HU and gout and fatty acid (FA) oxidation (FAO) drives this process. Here we developed a targeted metabolomics to quantify major metabolites in purine metabolic pathway in the sera of a human cohort with HU, gout, and normaluricemic controls.

Exploring age and gender disparities in cardiometabolic phenotypes and lipidomic signatures among Chinese adults: a nationwide cohort study.

Understanding sex disparities in modifiable risk factors across the lifespan is essential for crafting individualized intervention strategies. We aim to investigate age-related sex disparity in cardiometabolic phenotypes in a large nationwide Chinese cohort. A total of 254,670 adults aged 40 years or older were selected from a population-based cohort in China.

Exploring the association between caffeine intake and benign prostatic hyperplasia: results from the NHANES 2005-2008.

Background: Coffee is a physiologically active food component prevalent throughout the world, but the association between caffeine intake and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has been limited in extensive epidemiological studies.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate the association between caffeine intake and BPH in adults in the United States using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2008. Caffeine intake (mg/day) was evaluated based on a 24-h dietary recall.

Age-dependent interaction between serum zinc and triglyceride-glucose index among American adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Introduction: Zinc plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism. The association between serum zinc and insulin resistance has recently been investigated as well, but the findings are inconsistent. The triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) is frequently utilized in epidemiological research to assess insulin resistance.

Association between Healthy Eating Index-2015 total and metabolic associated fatty liver disease in Americans: a cross-sectional study with U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Background: Utilizing the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset to investigate the relationship between dietary quality, as assessed by the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), and the prevalence of metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) among adults in the United States, our analysis revealed that an increased dietary quality was significantly correlated with a reduced risk of MAFLD in the American population.

Method: The NHANES dataset, encompassing the years 2017-2018 and comprising 3,557 participants, was incorporated into our analytical framework. Weighted multivariate linear regression model was performed to assess the linear relationship between the HEI-2015 and MAFLD.

Challenges to Achieving Surgical Equity in Slums.

There is a critical lack of surgical data on individuals who live in urban slums, which hampers the allocation of healthcare resources and the provision of preventative measures. The complex interplay of factors affecting surgical care in slums, such as trust deficits, mental health concerns, and socioeconomic barriers, necessitates a distinct academic approach. We propose that researchers should consider "slum surgical health" as an area of study separate from urban health or slum health.

Association between sedentary behavior, physical activity, and osteoarthritis: results from NHANES 2007-2020 and Mendelian randomization analysis.

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent and debilitating disorder that affects the joints and has a complex array of causes. While sedentary behavior (SB) and physical activity (PA) have been implicated in OA risk, the relationship between these factors and OA development remains unclear. This study investigates the correlation and potential causality between SB, PA, and OA using both cross-sectional and Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Risk prediction model of cognitive performance in older people with cardiovascular diseases: a study of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database.

Background And Aim: Changes in cognitive function are commonly associated with aging in patients with cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this research was to construct and validate a nomogram-based predictive model for the identification of cognitive impairment in older people suffering from cardiovascular diseases.

Methods And Results: This retrospective study included 498 participants with cardiovascular diseases aged >60 selected from the NHANES 2011-2014.

Designing community-based strategies to reach non-household contacts of people with tuberculosis in Lusaka, Zambia: a rapid qualitative study among key stakeholders.

Background: In high-burden settings, most tuberculosis (TB) transmission likely occurs outside the home. Our qualitative study in Zambia explored the acceptability and preferences for designing TB active case finding (ACF) strategies to reach non-household contacts of people with TB.

Methods: We conducted 56 in-depth interviews with persons with TB ( = 12), TB healthcare workers (HCWs) ( = 10), TB lay HCWs ( = 10), and leaders/owners ( = 12) and attendees ( = 12) of community venue types identified as potential TB transmission locations.

Drought as an emergent driver of ecological transformation in the twenty-first century.

Under climate change, ecosystems are experiencing novel drought regimes, often in combination with stressors that reduce resilience and amplify drought's impacts. Consequently, drought appears increasingly likely to push systems beyond important physiological and ecological thresholds, resulting in substantial changes in ecosystem characteristics persisting long after drought ends (i.e.

Ferroptosis in kidney disease: a bibliometric analysis from 2012 to 2024.

Background And Aims: Ferroptosis, a novel concept of programmed cell death proposed in 2012, in kidney disease, has garnered significant attention based on evidence of abnormal iron deposition and lipid peroxidation damage in the kidney. Our study aim to examine the trends and future research directions in the field of ferroptosis in kidney disease, so as to further explore the target or treatment strategy for clinical treatment of kidney disease.

Material And Methods: A thorough survey using the Web of Science Core Collection, focusing on literature published between 2012 and 2024 examining the interaction between kidney disease and ferroptosis was conducted.

Enhancing healthcare cost transparency: assessing implementation challenges, criticisms, and alternative solutions.

The United States healthcare system grapples with a staggering estimated waste of $935 billion, with pricing failure contributing a substantial $240.5 billion. This paper explores an innovative solution to combat rapidly escalating healthcare costs by proposing measures that would complement the mandated disclosure of healthcare prices.

Engaging older adults in diagnostic safety: implementing a diagnostic communication note sheet in a primary care setting.

Introduction: Adults over the age of 65 are at a higher risk for diagnostic errors due to a myriad of reasons. In primary care settings, a large contributor of diagnostic errors are breakdowns in information gathering and synthesis throughout the patient-provider encounter. Diagnostic communication interventions, such as the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's "Be the Expert on You" note sheet, may require adaptations to address older adults' unique needs.

scHiGex: predicting single-cell gene expression based on single-cell Hi-C data.

A novel biochemistry experiment named HiRES has been developed to capture both the chromosomal conformations and gene expression levels of individual single cells simultaneously. Nevertheless, when compared to the extensive volume of single-cell Hi-C data generated from individual cells, the number of datasets produced from this experiment remains limited in the scientific community. Hence, there is a requirement for a computational tool that can forecast the levels of gene expression in individual cells using single-cell Hi-C data from the same cells.

Geochemical signatures and nanomechanical properties of echinoid tests from nearshore habitats of Florida: environmental and physiological controls on echinoid biomineralization.

The mechanisms that regulate minor and trace element biomineralization in the echinoid skeleton can be primarily controlled biologically (, by the organism and its vital effects) or by extrinsic environmental factors. Assessing the relative role of those controls is essential for understanding echinoid biomineralization, taphonomy, diagenesis, and their potential as geochemical archives. In this study, we (1) contrast geochemical signatures of specimens collected across multiple taxa and environmental settings to assess the effects of environmental and physiological factors on skeletal biomineralogy; and (2) analyze the nanomechanical properties of the echinoid skeleton to assess potential linkages between magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) ratios and skeletal nanohardness.

Preterm Labor and Hypertensive Disorders in Adolescent Pregnancies With Diabetes Between 2006 and 2019.

Objective: We sought to evaluate the risk of preterm labor and hypertensive disorders in adolescent pregnancies with and without diabetes.

Methods: We evaluated 1,843,139 adolescents (≤20 years old) with labor and delivery admissions in the national Kids' Inpatient Database (KID) in years 2006, 2009, 2012, 2016, and 2019. International classification of disease codes was used to identify diabetes and medical factors affecting pregnancy.

Programmable scanning diffuse speckle contrast imaging of cerebral blood flow.

Significance: Cerebral blood flow (CBF) imaging is crucial for diagnosing cerebrovascular diseases. However, existing large neuroimaging techniques with high cost, low sampling rate, and poor mobility make them unsuitable for continuous and longitudinal CBF monitoring at the bedside.

Aim: We aimed to develop a low-cost, portable, programmable scanning diffuse speckle contrast imaging (PS-DSCI) technology for fast, high-density, and depth-sensitive imaging of CBF in rodents.