Pharmacy Integrated Transitions (PIT) trial: a protocol for a pragmatic cluster-randomised crossover trial.

Introduction: Ineffective coordination during care transitions from hospitals to skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) costs Medicare US$2.8-US$3.4 billion annually and results in avoidable adverse events.

Maternal Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) Moderates the Association Between Birth Weight and EEG Power in Healthy Term-Age Newborns.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects around 10% of pregnancies in the United States and has been linked to neurodevelopmental sequelae in children. However, there is a paucity of studies investigating early-life neural markers in GDM-exposed infants. This study examined the association of GDM with relative EEG power among healthy term-age neonates collected during natural sleep.

Manipulation and Structural Activity of AcpM in .

(Mtb) is a leading cause of death, with an escalating global occurrence of drug-resistant infections that are partially attributed to cell wall mycolic acids derived from type II fatty acid biosynthesis (FAS-II). Here, the central acyl carrier protein, AcpM, contributes to the regulation of complex and specific protein-protein interactions (PPIs), though the orchestration of these events remain largely unresolved due to unique features of AcpM. Limitations include complexities in generating modified AcpM in a single state.

High Body Roundness Index Is Associated With Unhealthy Sleep Patterns: Insights From NHANES (2007-2014).

Background: Substantial evidence suggests an association between obesity and sleep. However, research investigating sleep patterns in relation to novel anthropometric indices is limited. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2014 to examine the relationship between the body roundness index (BRI) and unhealthy sleep patterns.

Activation of caged functional RNAs by an oxidative transformation.

RNA exhibits remarkable capacity as a functional polymer, with broader catalytic and ligand-binding capability than previously thought. Despite this, the low side chain diversity present in nucleic acids (two purines and two pyrimidines) relative to proteins (20+ side chains of varied charge, polarity, and chemical functionality) limits the capacity of functional RNAs to act as environmentally responsive polymers, as is possible for peptide-based receptors and catalysts. Here we show that incorporation of the modified nucleobase 2-thiouridine (2sU) into functional (aptamer and ribozyme) RNAs produces functionally inactivated polymers that can be activated by oxidative treatment.

Career Paths of Young Fellowship-Trained Microsurgeons.

Background: Microsurgery is a highly specialized field requiring years of dedicated training and proper support to sustain a practice. We sought to describe career paths of young microsurgeons and investigate factors associated with switching jobs.

Methods: Public data on surgeons who completed a microsurgery fellowship between 2016 and 2020 were collected.

The Elements of Style for Interruptive Electronic Health Record Alerts.

Background: The proliferation of electronic health record (EHR) alerts has led to widespread alert fatigue and clinician burnout, undermining the effectiveness of clinical decision support and compromising patient safety.

Objective: We introduce a comprehensive style guide for designing interruptive alerts (IAs) in EHR systems to improve clinician engagement and reduce alert fatigue that has been approved by our institutional alert governance committees. This style guide addresses critical aspects of IAs, including format, typography, color-coding, title brevity, patient identification, and introductory text.

Effect of Premeal Pistachio Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Asian Indian Adults with Prediabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Asian Indians are susceptible to developing type 2 diabetes at a lower age and often consume diets that are high in glycemic load and low in healthy fats.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 30 g prebreakfast and 30 g predinner supplementation of pistachios for 12 wk on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), other glycemic markers, anthropometry, and lipid profile of Asian Indians with prediabetes.

Methods: In a 12-wk parallel arm, randomized controlled trial, we recruited 120 participants with prediabetes based on American Diabetes Association criteria.

Self-reported chronic rhinosinusitis diagnoses and symptoms in World Trade Center-exposed and non-World Trade Center-exposed United States firefighters.

Background: Greater World Trade Center (WTC) exposure levels have been associated with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) diagnoses and symptoms. We aimed to determine whether self-reported CRS is elevated in WTC-exposed Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) firefighters when compared with non-WTC-exposed/non-FDNY firefighters and with the general population.

Methods: The study included male WTC-exposed (N = 7840) and non-WTC-exposed (N = 2771) firefighters who were employed on 9/11/2001 and later completed a health survey.

Practice-pattern variation in anticoagulation intensity in acute cerebral venous thrombosis: A two-center experience.

Background And Purpose: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) requires acute anticoagulation. Heparin is commonly used but specific recommendations on intensity and timing are lacking. We sought to characterize practice-pattern variation in the use of unfractionated heparin (UFH) for acute CVT treatment across multiple centers.

Housing stability, employment, and survival behaviors among young mothers experiencing homelessness: A randomized controlled trial of a housing intervention.

The present study examined the efficacy of a comprehensive housing intervention (Ecologically-Based Treatment - temporary housing and supportive services) on the longitudinal co-occurring patterns of housing stability, employment, and survival behaviors among a sample of young mothers experiencing homelessness. Participants were randomly assigned to: (1) temporary housing + supportive services (n = 80), (2) housing-only (n = 80), or (3) services as usual (n = 80). Follow-up assessments were completed at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-months post-baseline.

A virtual reality intervention to increase interracial empathy and upstander behaviors in nursing leaders.

Efforts to improve diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in healthcare have increased, targeting healthcare worker biases with the goal of increasing inclusion of employees from racial and ethnic minoritized groups and improving care for patients from these groups. Virtual reality (VR) remains an underutilized mechanism for effecting behavior and attitude change. VR educational interventions work through two primary pathways, behavior rehearsal and embodiment.

Global spatiotemporal characterization factors for freshwater eutrophication under climate change scenarios.

Nutrient enrichment of water bodies can lead to eutrophication, which poses a global threat to freshwater ecosystems, affecting biodiversity and water quality. While human activities have accelerated eutrophication, climate change further complicates the dynamics of nutrient cycling and ecosystem responses. Here, we provide global, spatially explicit freshwater eutrophication characterization factors, at an annual resolution from 2021 up to 2099 based on eight different climate change scenarios.

A bifunctional coumarin-based CD probe for chiral analysis of amino acids in aqueous solution.

Amino acids play important roles in human pathology and physiology and the qualitative and quantitative determination of chiral amino acids in humans and mammals also has important impacts on the life sciences. Therefore, the introduction of artificial probes to assess the concentrations and enantiomeric compositions [ee = ([D] - [L])/([D] + [L])] of amino acids in aqueous solution is necessary in understanding certain biological processes and diagnosing and treating diseases. Herein, a bifunctional achiral coumarin probe (Br-Coumarin) is reported to determine the absolute configuration, ee value, and concentration of 16 amino acids in THF/HO = 1/4 solution at micromolar concentrations.

Unsymmetric hydroxylamine and hydrazine BAM15 derivatives as potent mitochondrial uncouplers.

Chemical mitochondrial uncouplers are protonophoric, lipophilic small molecules that transport protons from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the matrix independent of ATP synthase, thus uncoupling nutrient oxidation from ATP production. Our previous work identified BAM15 (IC 0.27 μM) as a potent and efficacious mitochondrial uncoupler with potential for obesity treatment.

Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of novel compounds and discovery of a promising iodine-125 radioligand for purinergic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R).

The purinergic P2X ligand-gated ion channel 7 receptor (P2X7R) plays a critical role in various inflammatory processes and other diseases. Fast determination of compounds P2X7R binding potency and discovery of a promise PET radiotracer for imaging P2X7R require a P2X7R suitable radioligand for radioactive competitive binding assay. Herein, we designed and synthesized thirteen new P2X7R ligands and determined the in vitro binding potency.

Bilateral internal superior laryngeal nerve injections for unexplained chronic cough.

Objective: Internal Superior laryngeal nerve (iSLN) injections with steroids and anesthetic for Unexplained Chronic Cough (UCC) was initially described as a unilateral injection. This study reports the safety profile and patient-reported outcomes of concurrent bilateral iSLN injections for UCC.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Dissolved metal concentrations in coastal seawater and groundwater in Saipan, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, USA.

Saipan, the largest and most populated island of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, has coastal areas with high submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) and heavy metal pollution of sediments. Here, we measured metal concentrations in coastal Saipan groundwater and surface water and explored spatial correlations with pollution sources. Concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn were highest in inland wells, with 3 wells exceeding USEPA guidelines for Cu or Pb.

Utilizing domain knowledge to improve the classification of intravenous contrast phase of CT scans.

Multiple intravenous contrast phases of CT scans are commonly used in clinical practice to facilitate disease diagnosis. However, contrast phase information is commonly missing or incorrect due to discrepancies in CT series descriptions and imaging practices. This work aims to develop a classification algorithm to automatically determine the contrast phase of a CT scan.

Brief interventions for chronic pain: Approaches and evidence.

Various countries have published national guidance supporting the integration of behavioral approaches into chronic pain treatment. Yet multiple barriers prevent broad patient access. Brief treatment formats may address universal shortcomings of therapists and resources and offer patients expanded access to care through lower costs and treatment burdens.

Expiration of a state level eviction moratorium in the first or second trimester of pregnancy and perinatal outcomes among Medicaid and uninsured people, 2020-2022.

Goal: Housing insecurity is associated with poor perinatal outcomes. However, we lack information on whether supportive housing policies improve perinatal health. Our goal was to estimate the effect of expiration of a state-level eviction moratoria on adverse maternal and infant outcomes among Medicaid insured individuals residing in states with a state-level moratorium in place at conception in the United States.

System justification, subjective well-being, and mental health symptoms in members of disadvantaged minority groups.

Although system justification-believing that the societal status quo is legitimate and desirable-is positively associated with subjective well-being and mental health outcomes for members of advantaged groups, the picture is more complicated for members of disadvantaged minority groups. According to system justification theory, believing that the social system is legitimate and desirable is a way of coping with one's own and fellow in-group members' state of disadvantage. At the same time, it is also a potential stressor, insofar as it implies that there are deficiencies of the individuals and groups who "fail" to succeed in a fair system.

Examining Bi-directional links between distinct affect states and tobacco lapse during a cessation attempt.

Background: Theoretical models of addiction highlight the bi-directional links of certain distinct affect states and tobacco lapse, but to date, few studies have examined bi-directional associations, instead examining associations with global affect measures (e.g., negative affect versus feelings of guilt).