Research progresses and hotspots on glucose metabolic reprogramming in breast cancer: a bibliometric analysis over the past two decades.

Background: Abnormal energy metabolism is a prominent characteristic of cancers. Increasing evidence has suggested the involvement of glucose metabolism reprogramming in the progression of breast cancer (BC). This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of glucose metabolism reprogramming in BC through a bibliometric analysis.

Revolutionizing ovarian cancer therapy by drug repositioning for accelerated and cost-effective treatments.

Drug repositioning, the practice of identifying novel applications for existing drugs beyond their originally intended medical indications, stands as a transformative strategy revolutionizing pharmaceutical productivity. In contrast to conventional drug development approaches, this innovative method has proven to be exceptionally effective. This is particularly relevant for cancer therapy, where the demand for groundbreaking treatments continues to grow.

Precision oncology: The role of minimally-invasive ablation therapy in the management of solid organ tumors.

Solid organ tumors present a significant healthcare challenge, both economically and logistically, due to their high incidence and treatment complexity. In 2023, out of the 1.9 million new cancer cases in the United States, over 73% were solid organ tumors.

Elevated serum CA 19-9 level mimicking pancreaticobiliary carcinoma from a hepatic abscess: case report and literature review.

Serum levels of the tumor marker CA 19-9 are widely utilized in the diagnosis and monitoring pancreatic and biliary malignancies. However, serum levels of CA 19-9 have also been reportedly elevated in non-malignant conditions. Here, we present the rare case of a 65-year-old woman with a history of gallbladder malignancy who was found to have a new hepatic lesion on surveillance CT with an associated elevation in CA 19-9 to 5,866 U/mL.

Meta-analysis of retinal transcriptome profiling studies in animal models of myopia.

Objective: Myopia prevalence is increasing at alarming rates, yet the underlying mechanistic causes are not understood. Several studies have employed experimental animal models of myopia and transcriptome profiling to identify genes and pathways contributing to myopia. In this study, we determined the retinal transcriptome changes in response to form deprivation in mouse retinas.

Viral encephalitis and seizures cause rapid depletion of neuronal progenitor cells and alter neurogenesis in the adult mouse dentate gyrus.

Infections impacting the central nervous system (CNS) constitute a substantial predisposing factor for the emergence of epileptic seizures. Given that epilepsy conventionally correlates with hippocampal sclerosis and neuronal degeneration, a potentially innovative avenue for therapeutic intervention involves fostering adult neurogenesis, a process primarily occurring within the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus (DG) through the differentiation of neural stem cells (NSC). While experimental seizures induced by chemoconvulsants or electrical stimulation transiently enhance neurogenesis, the effects of encephalitis and the resultant virus-induced seizures remain inadequately understood.

Iron-associated lipid peroxidation in Alzheimer's disease is increased in lipid rafts with decreased ferroptosis suppressors, tested by chelation in mice.

Introduction: Iron-mediated cell death (ferroptosis) is a proposed mechanism of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. While iron is essential for basic biological functions, its reactivity generates oxidants which contribute to cell damage and death.

Methods: To further resolve mechanisms of iron-mediated toxicity in AD, we analyzed post mortem human brain and ApoEFAD mice.

Empowerment in prevention: a qualitative inquiry into Black girl-centred strategies for reducing HIV/STI and drug misuse risk.

Black girls in the United States are disproportionately diagnosed with sexually transmitted infections (STIs), which can increase the risk of contracting HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), compared to adolescent girls of other races. Therefore, this study was designed to understand barriers to impactful HIV/STI and substance use prevention programmes for Black girls. Data was collected between October 2021 and June 2022 from twelve focus groups which included (N = 62) participants who identified as Black and female between the ages of 13 and 18 years old.

Biases in the performance of FRAX without BMD in predicting fracture risk in a multiethnic population with diabetes: the Diabetes & Aging Study.

Fracture risk calculators, such as the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX), calculate the risk of major osteoporotic (MOF) and hip fracture, but do not account for the excess risk of fracture in people with diabetes. We examined the predictive performance of FRAX without BMD in ethnically diverse, older patients with diabetes. Patients included were between ages 65-89 from the Kaiser Permanente Northern California Diabetes Registry and not already taking osteoporosis medications.

Overexpression of Drosophila NUAK or Constitutively-Active Formin-Like Promotes the Formation of Aberrant Myofibrils.

Muscle development and maintenance is central to the normal functioning of animals. Muscle tissues exhibit high levels of activity and require the dynamic turnover of proteins. An actomyosin scaffold functions with additional proteins comprising the basic contractile subunit of striated muscle, known as the sarcomere.

Building Localized NADP(H) Recycling Circuits to Advance Enzyme Cascadetronics.

The catalytic action of enzymes of a cascade trapped within a mesoporous electrode material is simultaneously energized, controlled and observed through the efficient, reversible electrochemical NAD(P)(H) recycling catalyzed by one of the enzymes. In their nanoconfined state, nicotinamide cofactors are tightly channeled current carriers, mediating multi-step reactions in either direction (oxidation or reduction) with a rapid response time. By incorporating a hydrogen‑borrowing enzyme pair, the internal action of which opposes the external voltage bias driving oxidation or reduction, a reduction process can be performed under overall oxidizing conditions, and vice versa.

Maternal deposition of hormones and contaminants shape the gonadal transcriptome in American alligators.

Environmental conditions influence the maternal deposition of hormones into eggs, which is hypothesized to adaptively modify developmental outcomes in offspring. However, most ecosystems harbour environmental contaminants capable of disrupting endocrine signaling, and maternal exposure to these compounds has the potential to further alter offspring traits. Studies rarely examine maternally derived hormones and contaminants along with offspring phenotypes, and we know little about their interrelationships and potential interactions.

Forecasting sea otter recolonization: insights from isotopic analysis of modern and zooarchaeological populations.

Retrospective datasets offer essential context for conservation by revealing species' ecological roles before industrial-era human impacts. We analysed isotopic compositions of pre-industrial and modern sea otters () to reconstruct pre-extirpation ecology and offer insights for management. Our study focuses on southeast Alaska (SEAK), where sea otters are recolonizing, and northern Oregon, where translocations are being considered.

A Game of Life with dormancy.

The factors contributing to the persistence and stability of life are fundamental for understanding complex living systems. Organisms are commonly challenged by harsh and fluctuating environments that are suboptimal for growth and reproduction, which can lead to extinction. Many species contend with unfavourable and noisy conditions by entering a reversible state of reduced metabolic activity, a phenomenon known as dormancy.

Chiral Locomotion Transitions of an Active Gel and Their Chemomechanical Origin.

Transitions between chiral rotational locomotion modes occur in a variety of active individuals and populations, such as sidewinders, self-propelled chiral droplets, and dense bacterial suspensions. Despite recent progress in the study of active matter, general principles governing rotational chiral transition remain elusive. Here, we study, experimentally and theoretically, rotational locomotion and its chiral transition in a 2D polyacrylamide (PAAm)-based BZ gel driven by Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction-diffusion waves.

Fluorine-Free Ion-Selective Membrane with Enhanced Mg Transport for Mg-Organic Batteries.

Magnesium batteries offer a safer alternative for next-generation battery technology due to their insusceptibility to dendrite deposition. Selective membranes tailored for magnesium-ion conduction will unlock further technological advancement. Herein, we demonstrate fluorine-free magnesiated sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (Mg-SPEEK) selective membranes capable of facilitating magnesium-ion conduction while effectively rejecting soluble organic species.

Increased sodium consumption is associated with psoriasis: A population-based cohort study.

Background: Sodium is stored in skin and may trigger or perpetuate autoimmune diseases including psoriasis. One previous study found skin sodium was elevated in a small group of patients with severe psoriasis compared to healthy controls, but the relationship between sodium intake and psoriasis within a population has not been investigated.

Objectives: To identify whether dietary sodium intake is associated with psoriasis and whether there are subgroups of individuals more likely to have salt-sensitive psoriasis.

Behavioral Cetology in the 19th Century: Thomas Beale, Henry Cheever, Thomas Southwell and Their Role in Awakening a Cetacean Protection Consciousness.

Although naturalists have devoted attention to cetaceans since Antiquity, it was only in the 19th century that cetology underwent a true explosion. Three key cetological works of this period are The Natural History of the Sperm Whale (1839) by Thomas Beale, The Whaleman's Adventures in the Southern Ocean (1850) by Henry Cheever and The Seals and Whales of the British Seas (1881) by Thomas Southwell. Importantly, these three works did not only represent fundamental compendia of scientific knowledge of cetaceans, but also had a crucial role in awakening a cetacean protection consciousness.

MLTB: Enhancing Transferability and Extensibility of Density Functional Tight-Binding Theory with Many-body Interaction Corrections.

We present a hybrid semiempirical density functional tight-binding (DFTB) model with a machine learning neural network potential as a correction to the repulsive term. This hybrid model, termed machine learning tight-binding (MLTB), employs the standard self-consistent charge (SCC) DFTB formalism as a baseline, enhanced by the HIP-NN potential as an effective many-body correction for short-range pairwise repulsive interactions. The MLTB model demonstrates significantly improved transferability and extensibility compared to the SCC-DFTB and HIP-NN models.

Impact of Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion on Inpatient Cost: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis of the US Nationwide Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Database.

Background: The goal of this study was to investigate the association between ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) use and inpatient hospitalization cost for lung transplantation in a nationwide sample.

Methods: Lung transplantation patients in 2018-2020 Nationwide Readmissions Database (NRD) were grouped based on use of EVLP. The primary outcome was total inpatient hospitalization cost.

Hyaluronic-Acid-Functionalized Tofacitinib Loaded Transethosomes for Targeted Drug Delivery in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

The Janus kinase inhibitor tofacitinib (TOF) is an FDA-approved drug for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment, but its long-term oral use leads to significant systemic side effects. The present research aimed to conquer these challenges by formulating hyaluronic-acid-coated transethosomes (HA-TOF-TE), a novel system for targeted, topical delivery of TOF to reduce systemic toxicity and improve therapeutic efficacy. Transethosomes were synthesized via the cold sonication technique with HA functionalization enabling CD44 receptor-mediated targeting of inflamed synovial tissue.

Emergence of Fluorescent Glycodots for Biomedical Applications.

Carbohydrate-functionalized quantum dots exhibit excellent physical characteristics and enhance the steric interaction with biological cells and tissues. Glycoconjugation of quantum dots promotes aqueous solubility, stability, and reduced immunogenicity. Carbohydrate-protein interactions are involved in various vital processes and provide insight into cellular recognition, cell-to-cell communication, pathogenicity, antigen-antibody recognition, and enzymatic action.

Brain Age as a New Measure of Disease Stratification in Huntington's Disease.

Background: Despite advancements in understanding Huntington's disease (HD) over the past two decades, absence of disease-modifying treatments remains a challenge. Accurately characterizing progression states is crucial for developing effective therapeutic interventions. Various factors contribute to this challenge, including the need for precise methods that can account for the complex nature of HD progression.

Use of Resonant Acoustic Fields as Atmospheric-Pressure Ion Gates.

Ion optics are crucial for spectrometric methods such as mass spectrometry (MS) and ion mobility spectrometry (IMS). Among the wide selection of ion optics, temporal ion gates are of particular importance for time-of-flight MS (TOF-MS) and drift-tube IMS. Commonly implemented as electrostatic ion gates, these optics offer a rapid, efficient means to block ion beams and form discrete ion packets for subsequent analysis.

Gaussian Process Approach to Constructing Transferable Force Fields for Thiolate-Protected Gold Nanoclusters.

Gold nanoparticles can exhibit unique physical and chemical properties, such as plasmon resonances or photoluminescence. These nanoparticles have many atoms, which leads to high computational costs for density functional theory (DFT) calculations. In this work, we used the FLARE++ (fast learning of atomistic rare events) code and incorporated an active learning algorithm to construct force fields for gold thiolate-protected nanoclusters.