Prevalence of Childhood Obesity Among Children and Adolescents in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review.

Childhood obesity is a growing public health concern worldwide, with significant implications for long-term health outcomes. Thus, the aim of this study is to highlight the prevalence and trend of obesity among children and adolescents in Saudi Arabia over the last 24 years. This systematic review included participants aged 2 to 19 years without systemic disease, reporting the prevalence of obesity using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) classification and BMI calculation, from studies in English or Arabic published between January 2000 and April 2024.

A Systematic Review of the Impact of Dietary and Lifestyle Factors on Colorectal Cancer Prevention in Gulf Cooperation Council Countries.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant health burden in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, necessitating a deeper understanding of modifiable risk factors. Thus, the aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of dietary and lifestyle factors on the prevention of CRC in GCC countries. Studies were identified through electronic searches and reviewed based on relevant keywords.

Comprehensive Analysis of Risk Factors and Prognostic Outcomes in Cases of Cerebral Venous and Sinus Thrombosis in a Tertiary Care Setting.

Background Cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis (CVT) is one of the most common causes of stroke in young people. With timely diagnosis and the right medical attention, this relatively rare neurologic condition may be curable. Finding the risk variables and outcome determinants is the aim of this study.

Outcomes of complex colorectal polyps managed by multi-disciplinary team strategies-a multi-centre observational study.

Purpose: Team management strategies for complex colorectal polyps are recommended by professional guidelines. Multi-disciplinary meetings are used across the UK with limited information regarding their impact. The aim of this multi-centre observational study was to assess procedures and outcomes of patients managed using these approaches.

A BRAF new world.

BRAF is a rare targetable mutation in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Emerging evidence underlines that, rather than a single point mutation, BRAF genes present with a wide array of mutations, essentially in lung adenocarcinoma. Different BRAF mutations have divergent clinical and therapeutic implications, with a particular distinction between V600E and non-V600E mutations.

The Promise of Digital Biopsy for the Prediction of Tumor Molecular Features and Clinical Outcomes Associated With Immunotherapy.

Immunotherapy by immune checkpoint inhibitors has emerged as an effective treatment for a slight proportion of patients with aggressive tumors. Currently, some molecular determinants, such as the expression of the programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) or the tumor mutational burden (TMB) have been used in the clinical practice as predictive biomarkers, although they fail in consistency, applicability, or reliability to precisely identify the responding patients mainly because of their spatial intratumoral heterogeneity. Therefore, new biomarkers for early prediction of patient response to immunotherapy, that could integrate several approaches, are eagerly sought.

The efficacy and safety of continued hydroxycarbamide therapy versus switching to ruxolitinib in patients with polycythaemia vera: a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, symptom study (RELIEF).

The randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, phase 3b RELIEF trial evaluated polycythaemia vera (PV)-related symptoms in patients who were well controlled with a stable dose of hydroxycarbamide (also termed hydroxyurea) but reported PV-related symptoms. Patients were randomized 1:1 to ruxolitinib 10 mg BID (n = 54) or hydroxycarbamide (prerandomization dose/schedule; n = 56); crossover to ruxolitinib was permitted after Week 16. The primary endpoint, ≥50% improvement from baseline in myeloproliferative neoplasm -symptom assessment form total symptom score cytokine symptom cluster (TSS-C; sum of tiredness, itching, muscle aches, night sweats, and sweats while awake) at Week 16, was achieved by 43·4% vs.

Treatment with ipilimumab: a case report of complete response in a metastatic malignant melanoma patient.

Introduction: Over the past year, 3 agents have been approved for the treatment of melanoma by the Food and Drug Administration. These include pegylated interferon α-2b for stage III melanoma, vemurafenib for unresectable or metastatic melanoma with BRAF V600E mutation, and ipilimumab for unresectable or metastatic melanoma.

Case Presentation: We present here the case of a 65-year-old Caucasian male diagnosed with advanced melanoma in April 2011 and treated with ipilimumab (Yervoy(®)), a monoclonal antibody targeting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), as second-line treatment after progression with dacarbazine, for (wild-type BRAF) metastatic melanoma.

Von Hippel-Lindau and myotonic dystrophy of Steinert along with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor and renal clear cell carcinomal neoplasm: Case report and review of the literature.

Introduction: Myotonic dystrophy of Steinert, DM1, is the most common adult muscular dystrophy and generally is not associated to development on multiple site neoplasm. Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is a dominantly inherited familial cancer syndrome that is associated to tumors such as hemangioblastoma of the retina or central nervous system, clear-cell renal carcinoma (RCC) and endocrine tumors, most commonly pheochromocytoma and non-secretory pancreatic islet cell cancers. No data exist in literature describing the coexistence of both DM1 and VHL.