A lifestyle educational course as an adjunct to biologic administration in patients with severe asthma: A feasibility study.

Objective: To assess the feasibility and acceptability of adapting a psychoeducation course (Body Reprogramming) for severe asthma and finding suggestions for improvement.

Methods: Severe asthma patients were recruited from a single centre and enrolled in an online group-based course. Each course consisted of four sessions: introduction to BR, stress, exercise, and diet.

A survey of Scottish Committee for Orthopaedics and Trauma members on lower limb joint replacement practices in morbidly obese patients.

Background: Scotland has one of the highest rates of obesity in the developed world which increases risk of lower limb osteoarthritis resulting in total joint arthroplasty (TJA). This paper aimed to investigate (1) current practice of orthopaedic consultants in Scotland in managing end-stage hip and knee osteoarthritis in obese patients, (2) adherence to National guidelines, and (3) understanding of complication risks in lower limb TJA for BMI≥40.

Methods: A 15-question online survey was sent to all active members of Scottish Committee for Orthopaedics and Trauma (SCOT) between February and March 2023 to understand the current practices for managing obese patients with lower limb arthritis requiring joint replacement surgery.

Meaning making and fostering radical hope: applying positive psychology to eco-anxiety research in youth.

The consequences of human activity on climate change are increasingly apparent. For example, they are causing ecological degradation and affecting human and animal health. Rightly so, it is considered as the most important challenge of this century.

Helping parents to cope with infant regulatory disorders.

The term Regulatory Disorders (RDs) refers to infants and young children who cry a lot, have poorly organised sleep-waking, or whose feeding is impaired. The characteristic they share is a failure to acquire autonomous self-control of these key behaviours, which most children develop in the first postnatal year. The concept of RDs is helpful in highlighting this question of how infant self-regulation is, or isn't, accomplished, in drawing these characteristics together and distinguishing them from others, and in focusing research and clinical attention on a common, but relatively neglected, set of concerns for families.

Psychological effects of psychedelics in adolescents.

This study aimed to investigate differences in long-term psychological effects, acute subjective effects, and side effects associated with psychedelic use in adolescents (aged 16-24), compared with adults (aged 25+). Data from two observational online survey cohorts was pooled, involving adolescents (average age 20.4 ± 2.

The Mellow Babies parenting programme: role of group processes and interpersonal change mechanisms.

Introduction: Group-based parenting programmes have specific mechanisms of change compared to individual delivery. The Mechanisms of Action in Group-based Interventions framework (MAGI); distinguishes between interpersonal and intrapersonal mechanisms of change. This paper articulates a theory of change for Mellow Babies, a 14-week attachment-based group parenting programme for mothers of infants aged under 18 months, identifying the inter and intrapersonal change processes.

The importance of group factors in the delivery of group-based parenting programmes: a process evaluation of Mellow Babies.

Introduction: The role of the group has been largely overlooked within evaluations of group-based parenting programmes. Group contextual factors, including size and level of homogeneity, may impact on essential group processes, such as group identification and cohesion, that are necessary to activate interpersonal change mechanisms and attain programme outcomes. This process evaluation of Mellow Babies, a 14-week attachment-based group parenting programme for mothers of infants aged under 18 months, explores how group context affected mother and practitioner experiences of the programme.

The need for methodological pluralism in epidemiological modelling.

During the Covid-19 pandemic, the best-performing modelling groups were not always the best-resourced. This paper seeks to understand and learn from notable predictions in two reports by the UK's Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (SAGE). In July 2021, SAGE reported that, after the upcoming lifting of restrictions ("Freedom Day") cases would "almost certainly remain extremely high for the rest of the summer" and that hospitalisations per day would peak between 100 and 10,000.

Advancing road safety strategy development: A data-driven multi-objective optimisation integrated approach.

Road traffic accidents pose a significant global health concern, with an alarming 1.19 million fatalities reported in 2021. Traditionally, strategies to address this challenge have relied on expert input and subjective evaluations.

Mycobactin analogue interacting with siderophore efflux-pump protein: insights from molecular dynamics simulations and whole-cell assays.

Introduction: In response to continued public health emergency of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), a significant key strategy is the discovery of novel mycobacterial efflux-pump inhibitors (EPIs) as potential adjuvants in combination drug therapy. Interest in identifying new chemotypes which could potentially synergize with the existing antibiotics and can be deployed as part of a combination therapy. This strategy could delay the emergence of resistance to existing antibiotics and increase their efficacy against resistant strains of mycobacterial species.

Mapping the scarcity of data on antibiotics in natural and engineered water environments across India.

Antimicrobial resistance is a growing public health concern, increasingly recognized as a silent pandemic across the globe. Therefore, it is important to monitor all factors that could contribute to the emergence, maintenance and spread of antimicrobial resistance. Environmental antibiotic pollution is thought to be one of the contributing factors.

spp. in neonatal sepsis: an urgent global threat.

Neonatal sepsis causes substantial morbidity and mortality, the burden of which is carried by low-income countries (LICs). The emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens in vulnerable neonatal populations poses an urgent threat to infant survival. spp.

Endogenous C-type natriuretic peptide offsets the pathogenesis of steatohepatitis, hepatic fibrosis, and portal hypertension.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), hepatic fibrosis, and portal hypertension constitute an increasing public health problem due to the growing prevalence of obesity and diabetes. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is an endogenous regulator of cardiovascular homeostasis, immune cell reactivity, and fibrotic disease. Thus, we investigated a role for CNP in the pathogenesis of MASLD.

Navigating the aftermath: Risk factors of recurrence following coronary bypass surgery in Indonesia.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) remains a leading cause of mortality in Indonesia, and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is frequently employed to manage arterial blockages. Despite its efficacy, the recurrence of heart disease post-surgery is a significant concern, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of its influencing factors. The aim of this study was to examine the factors associated with the incidence of heart disease recurrence after coronary bypass surgery.

Efficacy of angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor in hypertension management: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.

Dysregulation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) often leads to hypertension and severe cardiorenal complications. Although RAAS-targeted therapies have proven effective, it remains yet optimal in reducing cardiovascular events. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) compared to control in patients with hypertension.

Heterogeneity in Risk and Implications for Hepatitis C Reinfection in People Who Inject Drugs in England.

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with significant morbidity, mortality and health economic burden. Over 90% of HCV cases in England occur in people who inject drugs (PWID). Current treatments for HCV are effective but do not protect against reinfection.

Home literacy environment and literacy outcomes in individuals with Williams syndrome and Down syndrome.

The home literacy environment (HLE) has rarely been examined for individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders, including individuals with Williams syndrome and Down syndrome. The current study surveyed carers of individuals with Down syndrome (n = 48) and Williams syndrome (n = 18) in the United Kingdom (UK). The study reports that individuals with Down syndrome were rated higher in general reading skills and writing, while the Williams syndrome group scored higher for speaking.

Photochromic Sodalites: From Natural Minerals to Advanced Applied Materials.

ConspectusWhile photochromic natural sodalites, an aluminosilicate mineral, were originally considered as curiosities, articles published in the past ten years have radically changed this perspective. It has been proven that their artificial synthesis was easy and allowed compositional tuning. Combined with simulations, it has been shown that a wide range of photochromic properties were achievable for synthetic sodalites (color, activation energy, reversibility, etc.

Best Interests and Decisions to Withdraw Life-Sustaining Treatment from a Conscious, Incapacitated Patient.

Conscious but incapacitated patients need protection from both undertreatment and overtreatment, for they are exceptionally vulnerable, and dependent on others to act in their interests. In the United States, the law prioritizes autonomy over best interests in decision making. Yet U.

Availability and Key Characteristics of National Early Warning Systems for Emerging Profiles of Antimicrobial Resistance in High-Income Countries: Systematic Review.

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) recently advocated an urgent need for implementing national surveillance systems for the timely detection and reporting of emerging antimicrobial resistance (AMR). However, public information on the existing national early warning systems (EWSs) is often incomplete, and a comprehensive overview on this topic is currently lacking.

Objective: This review aimed to map the availability of EWSs for emerging AMR in high-income countries and describe their main characteristics.

Experiences of receiving formal psychological support following lower limb amputation: a qualitative study.

Purpose: This study sought to explore the experiences of receiving formal psychological support following non-vascular-related lower limb amputation.

Materials And Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five individuals (3 males, 2 females, aged 38-56) with lower limb loss. Two had unilateral above knee amputations, one a unilateral below knee amputation, one a unilateral through-knee amputation, and one had bilateral above knee amputations.

First-line pembrolizumab-axitinib versus sunitinib in metastatic RCC: subgroup analysis of patients enrolled in the phase 3 KEYNOTE-426 in Eastern Asia.

Background: The phase 3 open-label KEYNOTE-426 study demonstrated that first-line pembrolizumab plus axitinib improved overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) versus sunitinib for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) in a global population. This subgroup analysis investigated the efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab-axitinib versus sunitinib in patients enrolled in KEYNOTE-426 in East Asia (Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan).

Methods: Adults with clear cell mRCC were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive intravenous pembrolizumab 200 mg every 3 weeks with oral axitinib 5 mg twice daily or oral sunitinib 50 mg once daily (4 weeks on/2 weeks off).