Prevalence of and factors associated with long COVID among diverse healthcare workers in the UK: a cross-sectional analysis of a nationwide study (UK-REACH).

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of UK healthcare workers (HCWs) who reported symptoms of COVID-19 lasting for longer than 5 weeks and examine associated factors with experiencing long COVID in an ethnically diverse cohort.

Design: A cross-sectional study using data from the UK Research study into Ethnicity And COVID-19 Outcomes in HCWs cohort study.

Setting: Data were collected electronically between December 2020 and March 2021.

Evaluating the pathological and clinical implications of errors made by an artificial intelligence colon biopsy screening tool.

Objective: Artificial intelligence (AI) tools for histological diagnosis offer great potential to healthcare, yet failure to understand their clinical context is delaying adoption. IGUANA (Interpretable Gland-Graphs using a Neural Aggregator) is an AI algorithm that can effectively classify colonic biopsies into normal versus abnormal categories, designed to automatically report normal cases. We performed a retrospective pathological and clinical review of the errors made by IGUANA.

Real-world evaluation of physiotherapist-led exercise prehabilitation and rehabilitation during autologous stem cell transplantation in myeloma: a single-centre experience.

Background: There is emerging evidence for the role of exercise in optimising function, quality of life (QoL) and reducing hospital length-of-stay if commenced prior to undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). A local pilot study of a prehabilitation and rehabilitation intervention during ASCT for myeloma patients indicated promising results and was adapted to translate into local clinical care. The aim of this report is to describe an overview of a newly implemented physiotherapist-led exercise prehabilitation and rehabilitation service delivered as part of the myeloma ASCT pathway, and present real-world findings related to changes in function and QoL.

Fusion, fission, and scrambling of the bilaterian genome in Bryozoa.

Groups of orthologous genes are commonly found together on the same chromosome over vast evolutionary distances. This extensive physical gene linkage, known as macrosynteny, is seen between bilaterian phyla as divergent as Chordata, Echinodermata, Mollusca, and Nemertea. Here, we report a unique pattern of genome evolution in Bryozoa, an understudied phylum of colonial invertebrates.

Expedited Conveyance of Out-of-Hospital-Cardiac Arrest patients with STEMI and shockable rhythms to Cardiac Arrest Centres - A Feasibility Pilot Study of the British Cardiovascular Intervention Society conveyance algorithm.

Background And Aims: Guidelines suggest non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) be conveyed to cardiac arrest centres (CAC). We hypothesised that (a) a pre-hospital conveyance algorithm based on initial presenting rhythm following OHCA is feasible and (b) that would demonstrate survival advantage.

Methods: This observational pilot study included all consecutive patients with OHCA from suspected cardiac aetiology from the county of Essex, United Kingdom from April 2022-April 2023.

Advancements in understanding the role and mechanism of sirtuin family (SIRT1-7) in breast cancer management.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent type of cancer in women worldwide and it is classified into a few distinct molecular subtypes based on the expression of growth factor and hormone receptors. Though significant progress has been achieved in the search for novel medications through traditional and advanced approaches, still we need more efficacious and reliable treatment options to treat different types and stages of BC. Sirtuins (SIRT1-7) a class III histone deacetylase play a major role in combating various cancers including BC.

An automated method of streamlining waiting list by clinical risk fast-tracking for patients awaiting TAVR: SWIFT TAVR algorithm.

Introduction: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is increasingly in demand for treating severe aortic stenosis in a variety of surgical risk profiles. This means increasing wait times and elevated morbidity and mortality on the waitlist. To address this, we developed the SWIFT TAVR algorithm to prioritize patients based on clinical risk and reduce wait times.

Proton Beam Therapy for Pancreatic Tumors: A Consensus Statement from the Particle Therapy Cooperative Group Gastrointestinal Subcommittee.

Objectives: Radiotherapy manages pancreatic cancer in various settings; however, the proximity of gastrointestinal (GI) luminal organs-at-risk (OAR) poses challenges to conventional radiotherapy. Proton beam therapy (PBT) may reduce toxicities compared to photon therapy. This consensus statement summarizes PBT's safe and optimal delivery for pancreatic tumors.

Subthalamic nucleus oscillations during facial emotion processing and apathy in Parkinson's disease.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is primarily characterized by motor symptoms, but patients also experience a relatively high prevalence of non-motor symptoms, including emotional and cognitive impairments. While the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a common target for deep brain stimulation to treat motor symptoms in PD, its role in emotion processing is still under investigation. This study examines the subthalamic neural oscillatory activities during facial emotion processing and its association with affective characteristics.

Detecting Xe in an atmospheric tracer experiment.

The Xcounts algorithm for calculating air concentrations of radioactive xenon isotopes (Eslinger et al., 2023) has been extended to estimate Xe in addition to Xe, Xe, Xe, and Xe. The algorithm was applied to 119 samples collected with a SAUNA Q system (Ringbom et al.

In HFpEF, semaglutide reduced a composite of worsening HF or CV death.

GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Cardiology: [Formula: see text].

Examining Intersectionality and Barriers to the Uptake of Video Consultations Among Older Adults From Disadvantaged Backgrounds With Limited English Proficiency: Qualitative Narrative Interview Study.

Background: The rapid shift to video consultation services during the COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns about exacerbating existing health inequities, particularly for disadvantaged populations. Intersectionality theory provides a valuable framework for understanding how multiple dimensions of disadvantage interact to shape health experiences and outcomes.

Objective: This study aims to explore how multiple dimensions of disadvantage-specifically older age, limited English proficiency, and low socioeconomic status-intersect to shape experiences with digital health services, focusing on video consultations.

Developing an Evidence- and Theory-Informed Mother-Daughter mHealth Intervention Prototype Targeting Physical Activity in Preteen Girls of Low Socioeconomic Position: Multiphase Co-Design Study.

Background: Preteen girls of lower socioeconomic position are at increased risk of physical inactivity. Parental support, particularly from mothers, is positively correlated with girls' physical activity levels. Consequently, family-based interventions are recognized as a promising approach to improve young people's physical activity.

Intraocular Inflammation (IOI) Associated with Faricimab Therapy: One-year Real World Outcomes.

Purpose: To report one-year real-world evidence on intraocular inflammation (IOI) adverse events (AEs) in patients undergoing faricimab therapy in a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: A retrospective review of electronic medical records was conducted for patients receiving faricimab treatment for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and diabetic macular edema (DME) at Moorfields Eye Hospital between September 1st, 2022, and August 31st, 2023. The primary outcome was the incidence of IOI (excluding endophthalmitis).

Musculoskeletal Computed Tomography: How to Add Value When Reporting Adult Lower Limb Trauma.

Computed tomography plays an ever-increasing role in the management of fractures and dislocations due to its capability in efficiently providing multiplanar reformats and 3-dimensional volume rendered images. It can reveal findings that are occult on plain radiography and therefore allow for more accurate decision making with regard to fracture classification and management. Clinical radiologists play a critical role in facilitating the processing of imaging to provide adequate image reformats in the desired planes, producing 3 dimensional images but most crucially identifying pertinent findings, which will contribute between the selection of nonoperative and operative management and potentially influence surgical technique.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography in Preoperative Localization of Primary Hyperparathyroidism After Negative or Inconclusive Sestamibi: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: The aim of the study is to assess the diagnostic accuracy of 4-dimensional computed tomography (4D-CT) scans for patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) after negative or inconclusive Technetium-99m sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography scan.

Methods: A literature search of several databases was conducted from inception to August 2023. Eligible studies reported adult patients (>18 years old) who underwent 4D-CT after negative or inconclusive sestamibi results.

Frequency and Distribution of Perinatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke in a Cohort of Patients With Cerebral Palsy Using Delayed MRI.

Purpose: This study examined the occurrence and MRI characteristics of perinatal arterial ischemic stroke (PAIS) in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and suspected term hypoxic-ischemic injury (HII).

Methods: A retrospective review of brain MRI scans was conducted on children with CP and suspected term HII in South Africa.

Results: Out of 1620 children with CP included in the study, 15 (0.

A Core Outcome Set for Adult General ICU Patients.

Objectives: Randomized clinical trials informing clinical practice (e.g., like large, pragmatic, and late-phase trials) should ideally mostly use harmonized outcomes that are important to patients, family members, clinicians, and researchers.

Transforming literature screening: The emerging role of large language models in systematic reviews.

Systematic reviews (SR) synthesize evidence-based medical literature, but they involve labor-intensive manual article screening. Large language models (LLMs) can select relevant literature, but their quality and efficacy are still being determined compared to humans. We evaluated the overlap between title- and abstract-based selected articles of 18 different LLMs and human-selected articles for three SR.

Organic matter and biomarkers: Why are samples required?

The search for evidence of past prebiotic or biotic activity on Mars will be enhanced by the return of samples to Earth laboratories. While impressive analytical feats have been accomplished by in situ missions on the red planet, accessing the capabilities of Earth's global laboratories will present a step change in data acquisition. Highly diagnostic markers of past life are biomarkers, organic molecules whose architecture can be attributed to once living organisms.

Sampling Mars: Geologic context and preliminary characterization of samples collected by the NASA Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover Mission.

The NASA Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover Mission has collected samples of rock, regolith, and atmosphere within the Noachian-aged Jezero Crater, once the site of a delta-lake system with a high potential for habitability and biosignature preservation. Between sols 109 and 1,088 of the mission, 27 sample tubes have been sealed, including witness tubes. Each sealed sample tube has been collected along with detailed documentation provided by the Perseverance instrument payload, preserving geological and environmental context.

Mars Sample Return: From collection to curation of samples from a habitable world.

NASA's Mars 2020 mission has initiated collection of samples from Mars' Jezero Crater, which has a wide range of ancient rocks and rock types from lavas to lacustrine sedimentary rocks. The Mars Sample Return (MSR) Campaign, a joint effort between NASA and ESA, aims to bring the Perseverance collection back to Earth for intense scientific investigation. As the first return of samples from a habitable world, there are important challenges to overcome for the successful implementation of the MSR Campaign from the point of sample collection on Mars to the long-term curation of the samples on Earth.

The value of returning a sample of the Martian atmosphere.

The elemental and isotopic abundances of major species in the Martian atmosphere have been determined, but analyses often lack sufficient precision, and those of minor and trace species are frequently not well known. Many important questions about the evolution and current state of Mars require the kind of knowledge that can be gained from analysis of a returned sample of the Martian atmosphere. Key target species include the noble gases, nitrogen, and various species containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, such as methane.