Delayed primacy recall in AVLT is associated with medial temporal tau PET burden in cognitively unimpaired adults.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) can be diagnosed by in vivo abnormalities of amyloid-β plaques (A) and tau accumulation (T) biomarkers. Previous studies have shown that analyses of serial position performance in episodic memory tests, and especially, delayed primacy, are associated with AD pathology even in individuals who are cognitively unimpaired. The earliest signs of cortical tau pathology are observed in medial temporal lobe (MTL) regions, yet it is unknown if serial position markers are also associated with early tau load in these regions.

Reliability of running gait variability measures calculated from inertial measurement units.

Changes to the variability within biomechanical signals may reflect a change in the health of the human system. However, for running gait variability measures calculated from wearable device data, it is unknown whether a between-day difference reflects a shift in system dynamics reflective of a change in human health or is a result of poor between-day reliability of the measurement device or the biomechanical signal. This study investigated the reliability of stride time and sacral acceleration variability measures calculated from inertial measurement units (IMUs).

Structural and Functional Glycosylation of the Abdala COVID-19 Vaccine.

Abdala is a COVID-19 vaccine produced in Pichia pastoris and is based on the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike. Abdala is currently approved for use in multiple countries with clinical trials confirming its safety and efficacy in preventing severe illness and death. Although P.

Testing the effect of ecolabels on the environmental impact of food purchases in worksite cafeterias: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Reducing the environmental impact of foods consumed is important for meeting climate goals. We aimed to conduct a randomised controlled trial to test whether ecolabels reduce the environmental impact of food selected in worksite cafeterias, alone or in combination with increased availability of more sustainable meal options.

Methods: Worksite cafeterias (n = 96) were randomised to one of three study groups, with 54 included for final analysis.

Using an inferior decoy alternative to nudge COVID-19 vaccination.

Optimizing vaccine uptake is a public health challenge that requires the implementation of effective strategies. The asymmetric dominance (or decoy) effect describes the increasing likelihood of selecting an option when a clearly inferior alternative is offered. Therefore, we aimed to test the impact of offering decoy alternatives-less convenient vaccination appointments-on vaccination intentions.

Evaluation of a context-aware chatbot using retrieval-augmented generation for answering clinical questions on medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw.

The potential of large language models (LLMs) in medical applications is significant, and Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) can address the weaknesses of these models in terms of data transparency and scientific accuracy by incorporating current scientific knowledge into responses. In this study, RAG and GPT-4 by OpenAI were applied to develop GuideGPT, a context aware chatbot integrated with a knowledge database from 449 scientific publications designed to provide answers on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). A comparison was made with a generic LLM ("PureGPT") across 30 MRONJ-related questions.

Same-day emergency care: a retrospective observational study of the incidence and predictors of venous thromboembolism following hospital-based acute ambulatory medical care.

Background: Same-day emergency care (SDEC) is an expanding area of hospital acute medical care. It aims to minimize delays and manage medical emergency patients within the same day, enabling hospitalization to be avoided; the expectation is that the patients would have required inpatient hospitalization in the absence of the SDEC service. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) prevention is a key medical inpatient safety measure.

Constitutive surface expression of the thromboxane A2 receptor is Pim kinase-dependent.

Background: The thromboxane A2 receptor (TPαR) plays an important role in the amplification of platelet responses during thrombosis. Receptor activity is regulated by internalization and receptor desensitization. The mechanism by which constitutive surface expression of the TPαR is regulated is unknown.

Double trouble? Quantifying the risk from co-exposure to multiple pathogens in Tenebrio molitor at different CO concentrations.

The insect mass-rearing industry to produce feed and food is expanding rapidly. Insects in production frequently encounter multiple pathogens and environmental stressors simultaneously, which can lead to significant economic losses. Our understanding of the interactions between different stressors remains limited, and existing methods primarily focus on determining overall patterns of additivity, synergism, or antagonism.

Evaluating the physiological benefits of behavioral flexibility in chacma baboons (Papio ursinus) using a biophysical model.

As opportunistic generalists occupying a range of ecological niches, chacma baboons (Papio ursinus) are considered a highly flexible species of relatively low conservation priority. Underlying their ecological flexibility is a repertoire of behavioral strategies observed in response to ecological stressors. Although these strategies are relatively well-documented, we know very little about how they impact upon an individual's thermal and energetic physiology, which can influence population-level reproductive potential in the face of climatic warming.

Nurse lecturers' experiences of working with people with lived experience: A phenomenological study.

Background: Involving people with lived experience in United Kingdom healthcare courses is a government directive and professional body recommendation, yet involvement remains non-standardised with minimal guidance. Previous literature has largely ignored the experiences of Nurse lecturer's in this work, yet they provide vital resources in promoting, sustaining and developing the involvement of people with lived experience.

Aim: To explore adult nurse lecturers' experiences of working with people with lived experience in two higher educational institution settings.

Antimicrobial agents in agricultural fertilizers produced from sewage sludge - A cause for concern?

The production of organic-mineral fertilizers from sewage sludge is one of the ecological options in their management. Though, pharmaceuticals and their derivatives, which accumulate in the sludge, could be a problem due to their impacts on the environment. This manuscript aimed at better understanding of risks posed by antimicrobial agents (AAs) in sludge-based fertilizers.

Monitoring of indoor air quality at a large sailing cruise ship to assess ventilation performance and disease transmission risk.

Large passenger ships are characterised as enclosed and crowded indoor spaces with frequent interactions between travellers, providing conditions that facilitate disease transmission. This study aims to provide an indoor ship CO dataset for inferring thermal comfort, ventilation and infectious disease transmission risk evaluation. Indoor air quality (IAQ) monitoring was conducted in nine environments (three cabins, buffet, gym, bar, restaurant, pub and theatre), on board a cruise ship voyaging across the UK and EU, with the study conducted in the framework of the EU HEALTHY SAILING project.

Focal volume reduction in transcranial focused ultrasound using spherical wave expansions.

Transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) has been gaining increased attention as a non-invasive modality for treating brain diseases. However, accurately focusing on brain structures remains a challenge as the ultrasound is severely distorted by the presence of the skull. In this article, we propose a promising distortion correction method based on spherical wave expansions.

Quality-adjusted time without symptoms or toxicity analysis of trastuzumab deruxtecan versus trastuzumab emtansine in HER2- positive metastatic breast cancer patients based on secondary use of the DESTINY-Breast03 trial.

Objective: DESTINY-Breast03, a randomised, phase 3 trial, evaluated trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) versus trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2)-positive unresectable and/or metastatic breast cancer who progressed on or after treatment with trastuzumab and a taxane. At the current data cut off overall survival analysis, T-DXd demonstrated a substantial improvement in overall survival over T-DM1. This secondary analysis use of DESTINY-Breast03 aimed to further evaluate the treatment differences using quality-adjusted survival time without symptoms or toxicity (Q-TWiST) methods.

Transfer of congruency effects between Stroop and multiplication tasks: Evidence that retrieval of multiplication facts requires inhibitory control.

Inhibitory control is classically considered a domain-general process, yet recent findings suggest it may operate in context-specific ways. This has important implications for theories in other cognitive domains, such as mathematics, in which inhibitory control is proposed to play a key role. Inhibitory control has been implicated in resolving interference between competing number facts when retrieving them from memory, yet clear evidence for this is lacking.

The influence of subtidal Laminaria canopies on local environmental conditions and the structure of understorey communities.

Understanding the role of species interactions (e.g. competition and facilitation) in structuring communities is a fundamental goal of ecology.

Rising cardiovascular mortality among obstructive sleep apnea patients: United States epidemiological trends (1999-2019).

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) prevalence has risen significantly, affecting millions globally and posing a major healthcare burden. OSA is strongly associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) such as heart failure, stroke, and ischemic heart disease. However, trends in CVD-related mortality among individuals with OSA remain underexplored.

Neural invasion severity is a strong predictor of local recurrence in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Background: In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, neural invasion is being increasingly recognized as an unfavorable predictor of patient outcomes. Neural invasion severity seems to have a stronger clinical impact on patient prognosis than neural invasion status alone. Therefore, this study aims to assess the impact of severity of neural invasion on overall survival and disease-free survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.