10 years of BiTE immunotherapy: an overview with a focus on pancreatic cancer.

Various therapeutic strategies have been developed to treat Pancreatic Cancer (PaCa). Unfortunately, most efforts have proved unfruitful, as the poor prognosis observed in this disease has only attained little improvement in the past 40 years. Recently, deeper understanding of the immune system and its interaction with malignant tumors have allowed significant advances in immunotherapy.

The therapeutic potential of targeting Oncostatin M and the interleukin-6 family in retinal diseases: A comprehensive review.

Retinal diseases, which can lead to significant vision loss, are complex conditions involving various cellular and molecular mechanisms. The interleukin-6 (IL-6) family, particularly Oncostatin M (OSM), has garnered attention for their roles in retinal inflammation, angiogenesis, and neuroprotection. This comprehensive review explores the dual nature of OSM and other IL-6 family members in retinal pathophysiology, highlighting their contribution to both degenerative and regenerative processes.

Efficacy and safety of sublingual buprenorphine in managing acute postoperative pain - A systematic review.

Sublingual (SL) buprenorphine has been used as a modality of managing acute postoperative pain in many studies. This systematic review aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of SL buprenorphine as an analgesic for various surgeries. After registering the protocol with PROSPERO, we searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Ovid databases with relevant keywords.

Research team diversity impacts scientific output in allergy and immunology programs.

Background: This study examined the relationship between the disciplinary diversity of research teams and research output (RO) in allergy and immunology programs funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in the United States, Medical Research Council (MRC) in the United Kingdom, and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS).

Methods: Using a dataset containing 1243, 3645, and 1468 articles funded by the NIH, MRC, and JSPS, respectively, we analyzed the correlation between disciplinary diversity and RO in allergy and immunology programs that received grants from 2017 to 2021. Diversity was measured using All Science Journal Classification codes counts, Shannon-Wiener index, and newly developed Omnidisciplinary index (o-index).

Characterization of TFIIE-regulated genes by transcriptome analysis.

Background/aim: Previous studies on general transcription factor II E (GTF2E) showed that it is associated with certain groups of diseases, such as colon cancer and trichothiodystrophy, but the global effect of GTF2E on cellular processes is still not widely characterized. This study aimed to investigate and characterize the effect of GTF2E on the transcription level of genes and identify the cellular processes and diseases associated with GTF2E.

Materials And Methods: The human colorectal carcinoma cell line HCT116 used in the study was transfected at a 30 nM concentration with siGTF2E1 or nontarget negative siRNA.

MitoMAMMAL: a genome scale model of mammalian mitochondria predicts cardiac and BAT metabolism.

Motivation: Mitochondria are essential for cellular metabolism and are inherently flexible to allow correct function in a wide range of tissues. Consequently, dysregulated mitochondrial metabolism affects different tissues in different ways leading to challenges in understanding the pathology of mitochondrial diseases. System-level metabolic modelling is useful in studying tissue-specific mitochondrial metabolism, yet despite the mouse being a common model organism in research, no mouse specific mitochondrial metabolic model is currently available.

The pivotal role of sleep in mediating the effects of life stressors and healthy habits on allostatic load in mid-life adults.

Objectives: We assessed the modulation of allostatic load (AL) by engagement in healthy habits and life stressors, mediated through resilience and the perceived influence of the stressors. Sleep was included as third mediator given extensive evidence associating to all the analysed factors.

Methods: Structural equation models to assess the modulation of AL by either traumatic or psychosocial stressors and healthy habits were generated with data from 620 mid-life adults (age 51.

Retrospective analysis of custom 3D-printed drill guides and titanium plate use in spinal stabilization of eleven dogs.

Introduction: Congenital vertebral malformations are common developmental abnormalities in screw-tailed brachycephalic dog breeds. Subsequent vertebral instability and/or vertebral canal stenosis caused by these malformations can lead to spinal cord compression manifesting in pain, paraparesis, ataxia and/or paralysis. Various methods for spinal stabilization are in common use.

Development of a novel Haemabiome tool for the high-throughput analysis of haemopathogen species co-infections in African livestock.

One of the principal limitations on livestock productivity in sub-Saharan Africa is the constraining effect of infectious diseases, including tick-borne blood pathogens. Currently, diagnostic markers for these pathogens are species or genus specific, making it challenging to implement high-throughput screening methods. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a novel high-throughput diagnostic tool capable of detecting a range of important haemopathogens in livestock.

GABA/Glutamate Neuron Differentiation Imbalance and Increased AKT/mTOR Signaling in CNTNAP2 Cerebral Organoids.

Background: The polygenic nature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) requires the identification of converging genetic pathways during early development to elucidate its complexity and varied manifestations.

Methods: We developed a human cerebral organoid model from induced pluripotent stem cells with targeted genome editing to abolish protein expression of the ASD risk gene.

Results: CNTNAP2 cerebral organoids displayed accelerated cell cycle, ventricular zone disorganization, and increased cortical folding.

Transcriptionally Active Human Papillomavirus in Male Genital Lichen Sclerosus, Penile Intraepithelial Neoplasia, and Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN) and penile squamous cell carcinoma (PeSCC) are both thought to be associated with male genital lichen sclerosus and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection through dichotomous pathways: (i) undifferentiated PeIN and warty/basaloid PeSCC are thought to be HPV related, whereas (ii) differentiated PeIN and usual PeSCC are considered HPV independent. Tissue arrays were constructed from male genital lichen sclerosus, undifferentiated and differentiated PeIN, usual-type PeSCC, and unaffected tissues. Staining for p16 and for high-risk and low-risk HPV subtypes through RNAscope was performed.

Exploring Quality of Life in Adults Living With Late-onset Pompe Disease: A Combined Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Patient Perceptions from Australia, France, Italy, and the Netherlands.

Late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD) is a rare, autosomal recessive metabolic disorder that is heterogeneous in disease presentation and progression. People with LOPD report a significantly lower physical, psychological, and social quality of life (QoL) than the general population. This study investigated how individuals' self-reported LOPD status (improving, stable, declining) relates to their QoL.

Skin shade and relationships: how colourism pits Black and mixed Black-White women against each other.

Introduction: Colourism, prejudice where people are penalised the darker their skin and the further their features are from those associated with whiteness, occurs within and between racialised groups and can affect relationships. In this paper we examine the complex processes through which colourism positions Black and mixed Black-White women in contrasting positions in beauty and desirability hierarchies based on their skin shade.

Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 27 Black ( = 18) or mixed Black-White ( = 9) adults (18 women, 9 men) living in Britain.

Retinoblastoma with and without Extraocular Tumor Extension: A Global Comparative Study of 3435 Patients.

Purpose: To study the treatment and outcomes of children with retinoblastoma (RB) with extraocular tumor extension (RB-EOE) and compare them with RB without extraocular tumor extension (RB-w/o-EOE).

Design: Multicenter intercontinental collaborative prospective study from 2017 to 2020. RB-EOE cases included those with overt orbital tumor extension in treatment-naive patients.

Adult orthodontic consultations in private dental practice: How much information do patients remember when they leave the surgery?

Objective: With good communication and information retention being key aspects of valid consent, this study aimed to assess adult patient information recall immediately after an orthodontic consultation.

Materials And Methods: Adults interested in bracket-based or clear aligners were invited to take part at a single private dental practice. A 45-minute consultation with one of three general dental practitioners (GDPs) primarily providing orthodontics took place.

Recombinant Human Tissue Kallikrein-1 for Treating Acute Ischemic Stroke and Preventing Recurrence.

Novel strategies are needed for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke when revascularization therapies are not clinically appropriate or are unsuccessful. rKLK1 (recombinant human tissue kallikrein-1), a bradykinin-producing enzyme, offers a promising potential solution. In animal studies of acute stroke, there is a marked 36-fold increase in bradykinin B2 receptor on brain endothelial cells of the ischemic region.

Epidemiology of invasive disease in adults in England, 2013-2017.

Extraintestinal pathogenic (ExPEC) causes invasive disease (IED), including bacteraemia and (uro)sepsis, resulting in a high disease burden, especially among older adults. This study describes the epidemiology of IED in England (2013-2017) by combining laboratory surveillance and clinical data. A total of 191 612 IED cases were identified.

Mycophenolate Mofetil Induced-Colitis: Is it More about Clinical Diagnosis?

Background: Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is an immunosuppressant commonly used for treating autoimmune diseases.

Case Presentation: We report a diagnostically challenging case of MMF-induced colitis in a patient after 3 years of initiation of MMF therapy. A 76-year-old Caucasian female with a history of Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy receiving MMF presented to the hospital with a 7-weeks history of watery diarrhoea and crampy abdominal pains.

Dancing Glycoproteins: Memory Pattern Formation by Protein Folding through Hydrogen Bonding.

A considerable amount of work has been carried out on the biology of learning and memory acquisition, and retention [1-6]; however, little is known regarding how the information is written in the brain [7-9]. It is notable that in the Neuron Theory postulated by Santiago Ramón y Cajal [10], neurons were conceived to form a contiguous instead of a continuous structure. They were physically separated but could function through their connections by synapses [11].

Detailed characterisation of the Co-Smad protein in liver fluke .

Fasciolosis, caused by the liver flukes and , is a zoonotic parasitic disease associated with substantial economic losses in livestock. The transforming growth factor-beta signalling pathway is implicated in developmental processes and biological functions throughout the animal kingdom, including the spp. It may also mediate host-helminth interactions during infection.

Contact-Engineered Oxide Memtransistors for Homeostasis-Based High-Linearity and Precision Neuromorphic Computing.

Homeostasis is essential in biological neural networks, optimizing information processing and experience-dependent learning by maintaining the balance of neuronal activity. However, conventional two-terminal memristors have limitations in implementing homeostatic functions due to the absence of global regulation ability. Here, three-terminal oxide memtransistor-based homeostatic synapses are demonstrated to perform highly linear synaptic weight update and enhanced accuracy in neuromorphic computing.

High H Solubility of Perfluorocarbon Solvents and Their Use in Reversible Polarization Transfer from -Hydrogen.

This research uses perfluorocarbons (PFCs) as effective alternatives to traditional toxic solvents in reversible -hydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) for NMR signal enhancement. Hydrogen solubility in PFCs is shown here to be an order of magnitude higher than in typical organic solvents by determination of Henry's constants. We demonstrate how this high H solubility enables the PFCs to deliver substantial polarization transfer from -hydrogen, achieving up to 2400-fold signal gains for H NMR detection and 67,000-fold (22% polarization) for N NMR detection at 9.

A qualitative exploration of the prospective acceptability of the MiDerm app; a complex digital intervention for adults living with skin conditions.

Objectives: Skin conditions carry a substantial psychological burden but support for patients is limited. Digital technology could support patient self-management; we found preliminary evidence for the effectiveness and acceptability of digital psychological interventions for adults living with skin conditions. We have, therefore, developed a complex digital intervention called MiDerm with patients.