"If that would have lessened my symptoms, that would have been great...": a qualitative study about the acceptability of tecovirimat as treatment for mpox.

Background: Tecovirimat, an antiviral treatment for smallpox, was approved as a treatment for mpox by the European Medicines Agency in January 2022. Approval was granted under "exceptional circumstances" based on effectiveness found in pre-clinical challenge studies in animals and safety studies in humans showing minimal side effects. As clinical efficacy studies are still ongoing, there is currently limited information with regard to the acceptability of tecovirimat to treat mpox.

Translation of oral health research priorities into research topics in an equity-based priority setting exercise.

Background: In the context of research priority-setting, participants express their research priorities and ideas in various forms, ranging from narratives to explicit topics or questions. However, the transition from these expressions to well-structured research topics or questions is not always straightforward. Challenges intensify when research priorities pertain to interventions or diagnostic accuracy, requiring the conversion of narratives into the Participant, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome (PICO) format.

The epidemiology and unmet need of migraine in five european countries: results from the national health and wellness survey.

Background: Despite the high global prevalence, burden, and direct and indicated costs, migraines are often under-diagnosed and undertreated. Understanding the prevalence of migraine and unmet needs is crucial for improving diagnosis and treatment across Europe (EU) countries; however, real-world studies are limited.

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional survey utilized weighted patient-reported data from the 2020 National Health and Wellness Survey (NHWS) in five EU (5EU) countries (France, Germany, United Kingdom [UK], Italy, and Spain).

Identification of robust RT-qPCR reference genes for studying changes in gene expression in response to hypoxia in breast cancer cell lines.

Hypoxia is common in breast tumours and is linked to therapy resistance and advanced disease. To understand hypoxia-driven breast cancer progression, RT-qPCR is a widely used technique to quantify transcriptional changes that occur during malignant transformation. Reference genes (RGs) are endogenous RT-qPCR controls used to normalise mRNA levels, allowing accurate assessment of transcriptional changes.

Current applications and challenges in large language models for patient care: a systematic review.

Background: The introduction of large language models (LLMs) into clinical practice promises to improve patient education and empowerment, thereby personalizing medical care and broadening access to medical knowledge. Despite the popularity of LLMs, there is a significant gap in systematized information on their use in patient care. Therefore, this systematic review aims to synthesize current applications and limitations of LLMs in patient care.

"Comparative analysis of large language models against the NHS 111 online triaging for emergency ophthalmology".

Background: This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of the performance of various large language models in generating responses for ophthalmology emergencies and compares their accuracy with the established United Kingdom's National Health Service 111 online system.

Methods: We included 21 ophthalmology-related emergency scenario questions from the NHS 111 triaging algorithm. These questions were based on four different ophthalmology emergency themes as laid out in the NHS 111 algorithm.

Tumour growth rate and invasive interval cancer characteristics in a UK breast cancer screening population.

Objectives: To estimate tumour volume doubling time (TVDT) of interval cancers (ICs).

Methods: Two radiologists retrospectively reviewed prior screening and diagnostic mammograms and measured mean diameter on "visible" ICs. Univariate analyses of clinicopathological variables (ER, HER2, grade, age at diagnosis, and breast density) were undertaken, and those with p < 0.

Vital signs-based healthcare kiosks for screening chronic and infectious diseases: a systematic review.

Background: Increasing demands, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, have presented substantial challenges to global healthcare systems, resulting in staff shortages and overcrowded emergency rooms. Health kiosks have emerged as a promising solution to improve overall efficiency and healthcare accessibility. However, although kiosks are commonly used worldwide for access to information and financial services, the health kiosk industry, valued at $800 million, accounts for just 1.

The association of origin and environmental conditions with performance in professional IRONMAN triathletes.

We have (i) little knowledge about where the fastest professional IRONMAN triathletes originate from and where the fastest races take place and (ii) we have no knowledge of the optimal weather conditions for an IRONMAN triathlon. The aims of the present study were, therefore, (i) to investigate the origin and the fastest IRONMAN race courses for professional triathletes and (ii) to evaluate the best environmental conditions (i.e.

Developmental defects in ectodermal appendages caused by missense mutation in edaradd gene in the nfr mangrove killifish kryptolebias marmoratus.

The mangrove killifish, Kryptolebias marmoratus, can reproduce with self-fertilisation, offering a unique and useful genetic tool for generation of genetic mutants and quick identification of mutated genes. From an ENU-mutated mangrove killifish line R228, we have isolated a novel mutant line, no-fin-ray/nfr in which homozygous mutant of adult fish fin ray development is largely reduced. Illumina RNAseq with 3 embryos each from mutants, siblings and the parental WT strain Hon9 (only 9 embryos as total) identified a mutation in the edaradd in a highly conserved C-terminal death domain.

Ligand-Directed Actinide Oxo-Bond Manipulation in Actinyl Thiacalix[4]arene Complexes.

Understanding the chemistry of the inert actinide oxo bond in actinyl ions AnO22+ is important for controlling actinide behavior in the environment, during separations, and in nuclear waste (An = U, Np, Pu). The thioether calixarene TC4A (4-tert-butyltetrathiacalix[4]arene) binds equatorially to [AnO2]n+ (An = U, Np) forming a conical pocket that differentiates the two trans-oxo groups. The 'ate' complexes, [A]2[UO2(TC4A)] (A = [Li(DME)2], HNEt3) and [HNEt3]2[NpO2(TC4A)], enable selective oxo chemistry.

Creating codes of ethics for public health professionals and institutions.

Background: The World Health Organization and the Association of Schools of Public Health in the European Region called for the professionalization of the public health workforce, including the creation of codes of ethics. In this article, the Public Health Ethics and Law Network provides guidance on creating such codes, based on values and principles commonly identified for public health.

Methods: Our interest was in codes addressing public health broadly rather than disciplines within public health.

An ethnography of General Practice inpatient discharge summary management for older patients.

Background: Post-inpatient discharge is a risky time for older patients, especially those with polypharmacy and multi-morbidity. General practice care at this time, including the processes for managing hospital discharge summaries, lacks standardisation and is of variable quality. Understanding these processes will support the design of interventions and guidance to improve general practice management of the post-discharge period.

Arthroscopic Removal of Traumatic Fractures of the Proximal Medial Trochlear Ridge of the Talus: A Retrospective Analysis of 18 Horses.

Objective:  The objectives of this study were (1) to evaluate the need for flexed radiographs of the proximal medial trochlear ridge (PMTR) after trauma involving medial tarsus; (2) to evaluate outcome following arthroscopic removal of traumatic osteochondral fragments (TOCF) resulting from direct injury to PMTR.

Methods:  Records of patients with wounds to the medial tarsus were searched and those with TOCF of the PMTR included. Patient history, fracture etiology, preoperative diagnostics, and intraoperative findings were documented.

Continuous colonization of the Atlantic coastal rain forests of South America from Amazônia.

The two main extensions of rain forest in South America are the Amazon (Amazônia) and the Atlantic rain forest (Mata Atlântica), which are separated by a wide 'dry diagonal' of seasonal vegetation. We used the species-rich tree genus to test if Amazônia-Mata Atlântica dispersals have been clustered during specific time periods corresponding to past, humid climates. We performed hybrid capture DNA sequencing of 810 nuclear loci for 453 accessions representing 164 species that included 62% of Mata Atlântica species and estimated a dated phylogeny for all accessions using maximum likelihood, and a species-level tree using coalescent methods.

Serious issues with cryo-EM structures of human prothrombinase.

Thrombin is generated from prothrombin through sequential cleavage at two sites by the enzyme complex prothrombinase, composed of a serine protease, factor (f) Xa and a cofactor, fVa, on phospholipid membranes. In a recent paper published in , Ruben . (Ruben .

Orchestrated immune responses to Mycobacterium marinum natural infection in tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis).

Mycobacterium marinum is a major pathogen in aquaculture, posing a substantial threat to the health and sustainability of tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) farming. This study investigated the genetic basis of immune response in tongue sole by comparing transcriptome profiles of liver and spleen tissues from symptomatic (susceptible) and healthy (resistant) individuals during a natural M. marinum outbreak.

Inter-Domain interactions Slow BoNT/A's onset of action.

Despite sharing ∼ 43 % sequence identity and structurally similar individual domains, botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) serotypes A and E have differences in their properties and domain positioning. BoNT/E has a faster onset of action than BoNT/A. This difference is proposed to be due to conformational differences between BoNT/E and the other BoNT serotypes.

Improving the Use of Lifting Velocity to Predict Repetitions to Failure: A Systematic Review.

Background: A recent advancement in velocity-based training involves estimating the maximum number of repetitions to failure (RTF) by analyzing the fastest velocity recorded within a set. A systematic review examining the fundamental characteristics of the RTF-velocity relationship is still lacking.

Purpose: This study aimed to (1) determine the basic properties of the RTF-velocity relationships (goodness of fit, reliability, and accuracy) and (2) offer guidance on implementing various methodological factors that can impact the RTF accuracy prediction.

Future Directions in Understanding Acute and Chronic Effects of Mental Fatigue in Sports: A Commentary on Bridging Laboratory Findings and Real-World Applications.

Background: Mental fatigue (MF) is a psychobiological state that could negatively impact physical and cognitive performance, although the extent of this impact remains controversial. While laboratory studies have provided valuable insights into the acute effects of MF, their ecological validity in real-world sport settings remains limited. Recent research indicates that MF can naturally arise during sport activities, leading to chronic effects on endurance and perceptual-cognitive skills.

Can an app designed to reduce repetitive negative thinking decrease depression and anxiety in young people? Results from a randomized controlled prevention trial.

Background And Objectives: Rates of mental health disorders are rising among adolescents and young adults. Therefore, scalable methods for preventing psychopathology in these age groups are needed. As repetitive negative thinking (RNT) is a risk factor for depression and anxiety disorders, targeting RNT via smartphone app promises to be an effective, scalable strategy.

Temperate grassland conversion to conifer forest destabilises mineral soil carbon stocks.

Tree-planting is increasingly presented as a cost-effective strategy to maximise ecosystem carbon (C) storage and thus mitigate climate change. Its success largely depends on the associated response of soil C stocks, where most terrestrial C is stored. Yet, we lack a precise understanding of how soil C stocks develop following tree planting, and particularly how it affects the form in which soil C is stored and its associated stability and resistance to climate change.

Implementation of artificial intelligence approaches in oncology clinical trials: A systematic review.

Introduction: There is a growing interest in leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) technologies to enhance various aspects of clinical trials. The goal of this systematic review is to assess the impact of implementing AI approaches on different aspects of oncology clinical trials.

Methods: Pertinent keywords were used to find relevant articles published in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, which described the clinical application of AI approaches.

EBUS-TBNA and CryoEBUS of the mediastinal lymph node. One hundred seventy-eight cases. Validation of the WHO Reporting System for Lymph Node Cytopathology. Proposed CryoEBUS diagnostic flow chart and indications. The view of the interventional pathologist.

Introduction: Microscopic assessment is essential in the study of mediastinal lymph nodes. Obtaining cytological samples through Endobronchial Ultrasound TransBronchial Needle Aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) has long been considered the gold standard procedure. The implementation of the World Health Organization (WHO) Reporting System for Lymph Node Cytopathology, along with the advancement of the CryoEBUS lymph node technique, has enhanced and refined diagnostic accuracy in this field.

VLDL triglycerides and cholesterol in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and myocardial infarction.

Background And Aims: Myocardial infarction is a leading cause of death in individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The two diseases share elevated very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) carrying both triglycerides and cholesterol; however, in NAFLD mainly triglycerides accumulate in liver cells while in myocardial infarction mainly cholesterol accumulates in the atherosclerotic plaque. We hypothesized that VLDL triglycerides preferentially associate with risk of NAFLD, while VLDL cholesterol preferentially associates with risk of myocardial infarction.