Distinct effects of obesity and diabetes on the action potential waveform and inward currents in rat ventricular myocytes.

Obesity is a significant global health challenge, increasing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease. Research indicates that obese individuals, regardless of their diabetic status, have an increased risk of cardiovascular complications. Studies suggest that these patients experience impaired electrical conduction in the heart, although the underlying cause-whether due to obesity-induced fat toxicity or diabetes-related factors-remains uncertain.

An Advanced Cardiac Life Support Application Improves Performance during Simulated Cardiac Arrest.

Objectives:  Variability in cardiopulmonary arrest training and management leads to inconsistent outcomes during in-hospital cardiac arrest. Existing clinical decision aids, such as American Heart Association (AHA) advanced cardiovascular life support (ACLS) pocket cards and third-party mobile apps, often lack comprehensive management guidance. We developed a novel, guided ACLS mobile app and evaluated user performance during simulated cardiac arrest according to the 2020 AHA ACLS guidelines via randomized controlled trial.

Risk of sexual dysfunctions in breastfeeding females: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Epidemiological studies do not provide accurate statistics on the percentage of breastfeeding women experiencing sexual dysfunctions and restraining from sexual activity. The data vary between 40% and 83% in the first group and 20-50% in the second one. Despite excessive studies on contributors to intimacy changes, breast feeding received little attention from researchers.

Development and validation of a novel 10-year cardiovascular risk prediction nomogram for the United Arab Emirates national population.

Objectives: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among United Arab Emirates (UAE) nationals. Recent studies have shown that current tools are poor in predicting the risk of incident ASCVD in Emiratis. To improve ASCVD risk prediction in this high-risk population, this study sought to develop and validate a novel and practical 10-year ASCVD risk nomogram using risk factors known to be significant in UAE nationals.

Insulin Management for Type 2 Diabetes During Ramadan: A Narrative Review for Clinicians.

Objective: Muslims with insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes are at high risk for adverse events while fasting during the month of Ramadan. However, advances in pharmacologic therapy coupled with creative strategies of insulin administration can mitigate complications. This narrative literature review investigates which insulin subtypes are likely to prevent hypoglycemic events and reduce hyperglycemia during the Ramadan fasting season for this high-risk population.

Clinical measurement of lupus nephritis activity is inferior to biomarker-based activity assessment using the renal activity index for lupus nephritis in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objectives: The renal activity index for lupus (RAIL) measures lupus nephritis (LN) activity considering urine levels of 6 biomarkers (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, kidney injury molecule-1, adiponectin, haemopexin, ceruloplasmin). We aimed to compare the accuracy of the RAIL and the renal domain-score of the SLE disease activity index (rSLEDAI) in detecting LN activity.

Methods: Random urine samples of patients with childhood-onset SLE with and without LN were assayed and scores of the RAIL, and RAIL standardised for urine creatinine (RAIL-Cr) were calculated.

Complementary feeding practices and the associated risk of childhood obesity among ethnic minority groups living in high-income countries: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Complementary feeding (CF) is defined as the period from when exclusive breast milk and formula are no longer sufficient for meeting the infant's nutritional needs. The CF period occurs from birth to 23 months of age. Though the recommended guidelines for introducing CF is from around 6 months of age, data indicates that some infants are introduced to food earlier than 6 months which can predispose children to obesity and overweight.

Impact of cardiac rehabilitation on mortality and morbidity in diabetic versus non-diabetic patients: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) decreases the morbidity and mortality risk among patients with cardiac diseases; however, the impact of CR on patients with diabetes remains underexplored. This is a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis methodology to explore if the effect of CR on mortality and morbidity is the same in patients with type 2 diabetes compared with patients without diabetes.

Methods And Analysis: Interventional and non-interventional studies comparing the effect of CR, for at least 1 month, on all-cause mortality and cardiovascular outcomes including fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction, revascularisation and rehospitalisation in adults with cardiac diseases will be deemed eligible for inclusion.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of genotyping for HLA-B*15:02 in Indonesian patients with epilepsy using a generic model.

Carbamazepine (CBZ)-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) are strongly associated with the HLA-B*15:02 allele. Screening HLA-B*15:02 before CBZ administration might prevent CBZ-induced SJS/TEN by enabling clinicians to prescribe alternative therapy for positive patients. Similar to other Southeastern Asian countries, HLA-B*15:02 is highly prevalent in Indonesia.

Risk factors associated with quad bike crashes: a protocol for systematic review of observational studies.

Introduction: Quad bikes are four-wheeled vehicles, driven off-road on uneven terrains by farmers for work or young adults for leisure. Quad bike accidental crashes result mostly due to the unique ecosystem of uneven terrain, where these unstable vehicles are commonly driven, in addition to numerous distinctive sociodemographic characteristics related to drivers. This is a protocol for a systematic review of observational studies from all geographical regions and demographic groups in the world to summarise the common risk factors relating to quad bike crashes.

Global and regional incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life-years for Epstein-Barr virus-attributable malignancies, 1990-2017.

Objective: To determine the global and regional burden of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-attributed malignancies.

Design: An international comparative study based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study estimates.

Setting: Global population by age, sex, region, demographic index and time.

Cross-Cultural Chronotypes: Educating Medical Students in America, Malaysia and the UAE.

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Ample data demonstrates that sleep deprivation leads to impaired functioning including cognitive performance, memory and fine motor skills.

Mortality and potential years of life lost attributable to non-optimal glycaemic control in men and women with diabetes in the United Arab Emirates: a population-based retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: Numerous studies reported that achieving near-normal glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients with diabetes may delay or even prevent vascular complications. However, information regarding the impact of non-optimal HbA1c control on adverse health outcomes in an Arab population is unknown. The aim of this study was to estimate the fraction of deaths and potential years of life lost (PYLL) attributable to non-optimal HbA1c control among Emirati men and women with diabetes in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Diabetes-related symptoms, acute complications and management of diabetes mellitus of patients who are receiving palliative care: a protocol for a systematic review.

Introduction: Worldwide, an estimated 40 million people are in need of palliative care each year, but only 14% receive it. The incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in patients receiving palliative care is higher than in the general population. This association is intended to grow as a result of the rising burden of DM worldwide, ageing populations and the improved overall survival time of several diseases over the last few decades.

Diabetes and Mortality in Acute Coronary Syndrome: Findings from the Gulf COAST Registry.

Background: The prevalence of traditional risk factors such as diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity are increasing in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Furthermore, outcomes after ACS are worse in patients with DM. The high prevalence of DM and an early age at onset of ACS have been described in prior publications from the Gulf Coast Database.

Overview of the current status of familial hypercholesterolaemia care in over 60 countries - The EAS Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC).

Background And Aims: Management of familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) may vary across different settings due to factors related to population characteristics, practice, resources and/or policies. We conducted a survey among the worldwide network of EAS FHSC Lead Investigators to provide an overview of FH status in different countries.

Methods: Lead Investigators from countries formally involved in the EAS FHSC by mid-May 2018 were invited to provide a brief report on FH status in their countries, including available information, programmes, initiatives, and management.

Patient-Centered Communication: Basic Skills.

Communication skills needed for patient-centered care include eliciting the patient's agenda with open-ended questions, especially early on; not interrupting the patient; and engaging in focused active listening. Understanding the patient's perspective of the illness and expressing empathy are key features of patient-centered communication. Understanding the patient's perspective entails exploring the patient's feelings, ideas, concerns, and experience regarding the impact of the illness, as well as what the patient expects from the physician.