Exploring the Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms among Jordanian Adolescents: A Network Analysis Approach.

The extensive presence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in children has been established through documentation. Still, the detailed connections between specific types of ACEs and psychiatric symptoms have not yet been comprehensively understood. A network analysis approach has not been undertaken to study how ACEs affect internalizing and externalizing symptoms among high school students in Jordan.

Prevalence, deaths and disability-adjusted life years due to Alzheimer's disease and other dementias in Middle East and North Africa, 1990-2021.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) ranks among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The objective was to evaluate the burden of AD and other dementias among the countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region by age and sex from 1990 to 2021. The data were sourced from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2021.

SnS integrated P-doped g-CN with advanced photocatalytic efficiency towards organic pollutants decontamination.

In this study, the P doping and SnS deposition was controlled to get SnS integrated P-doped g-CN photocatalysts. The prepared photocatalysts were analyzed by XRD, FESEM, HRTEM, PL, UV-DRS, XPS, and Zeta potential emphasizing their crystalline structures, morphological characteristics, charge carrier recombination, band gap energies, chemical compositions, and surface charge. These results confirmed successful P doping by substituting C and formation of heterojunction with SnS.

Investigating phase coupling of respiratory sinus arrhythmia and slow wave sleep in obstructive sleep apnea patients with and without depression.

Phase coherence (λ) between respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and respiration has emerged as a promising metric for assessing the role of autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity and slow wave sleep (SWS) activities in healthy subjects. This study aims to investigate how λ and SWS activity differ between Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) patients with and without major depressive disorder (MDD) during overnight sleep and explore whether the correlation between λ and SWS activity exists among those OSA patients compared to healthy individuals. Overnight electroencephalogram (EEG), electrocardiograms (ECG), and breathing using plethysmography were recorded from 104 subjects, including 35 healthy individuals (control), 34 OSA subjects with MDD (OSAD+) and 35 OSA subjects without MDD (OSAD+).

Exploratory algorithms to devise multi-epitope subunit vaccine by examining HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein: An immunoinformatics and viroinformatics approach.

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), a widespread pandemic and severe health issue, is triggered by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); there is no specific vaccine to cure this infection, and the situation is worsening. Therefore, this research sought to develop a vaccine with multiple epitopes against this infection targeting envelope glycoprotein (vital in host-cell interaction) through the immunoinformatics and viroinformatics approach. We identified one B-cell, eight MHC-I, and four MHC-II epitopes on its immunogen-assisted screening.

Predominance of extensively-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii carrying bla OXA-23 in Jordanian patients admitted to the intensive care units.

Background And Aim: The global emergence of Acinetobacter baumannii is of great concern, especially inside intensive care units (ICUs). This study investigated the prevalence, antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation and genetic relatedness of A. baumannii recovered from ICU patients in three major hospitals in Jordan.

Validation and adaptation of the Arabic version of health-related quality of life with six domains (HRQ-6D): A factor and Rasch analyses study.

Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) provides a complete picture of patients' overall health status and should be evaluated in all patients encountered. To accurately assess patients' HRQOL a comprehensive validated tool is necessary. Therefore, the present study aimed to validate the Arabic version of the Health-Related Quality of Life with Six Domains (Ar-HRQ-6D) scale.

Effects of building resilience skills among undergraduate medical students in a multi-cultural, multi-ethnic setting in the United Arab Emirates: A convergent mixed methods study.

Introduction: Although curricula teaching skills related to resilience are widely adopted, little is known about needs and attitudes regarding resilience training of undergraduate-medical-trainees in Middle-East-and-North-Africa-region. The purpose of this study is to investigate the value of an innovative curriculum developed through design-based-research to build resilience-skills among undergraduate-medical-trainees in the United-Arab-Emirates.

Methods: Convergent-mixed-methods-study-design was utilized.

Surface Modification of Magnetite with Carboxyl Arylated Gold Nanoparticles for Capture and Removal of Bacteria.

This study presents a novel synthesis method for fabricating magnetic-plasmonic FeO@CS-AuNPs nanocomposite utilizing aryldiazonium gold(III) salts. The low reduction potential of aryldiazonium gold salts enables their spontaneous reduction on the surface of FeO NPs stabilized with chitosan (CS), as CS facilitates the electron transfer process. The FeO@CS-AuNPs nanocomposite exhibited gold plasmon peaks at 525 nm in UV-vis spectra and demonstrated long shelf life in an aqueous solution, with a ζ-potential of -42.

Freezing-Activated Covalent Organic Frameworks for Precise Fluorescence Cryo-Imaging of Cancer Tissue.

Cryosurgery represents a transformative approach in the treatment of resistant tumors, utilizing extreme cold to selectively ablate malignant tissue. However, the clinical success of this technique is constrained by the limited ability of current imaging techniques to differentiate effectively between cancerous and healthy tissues with high spatial resolution. To overcome this challenge, we present a nanoscale Covalent Organic Framework, nTG-DFP-COF, specifically designed to enhance fluorescence-guided cryo-imaging.

The Effects of Having Surgeon's Hands in Line of Vision During Single-Incision Laparoscopic Surgery: A Feasibility Study.

Single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) provides improved cosmesis compared with multiport laparoscopy. However, it involves hand-clashing and cross-triangulation, making it challenging even for experienced surgeons to adopt in their practice. This study aims to assess the effect of providing an additional view of the surgeon's hands on task performance in SILS.

Role of microRNA in the risk stratification of ischemic strokes.

Background: Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death and morbidity, and risk classification is essential for predicting therapeutic outcomes. MicroRNAs may be useful indicators for risk stratification, as they control gene expression and influence physiological and pathological processes.

Methodology: A systematic strategy was developed to search relevant material using databases like PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.

Erratum to 'Efficacy and safety of local fibrinolytic therapy in intracranial hemorrhages: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials' [World Neurosurgery: X (22C) (2024) 100316].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.wnsx.

Exploring the microbiota-gut-brain axis: impact on brain structure and function.

The microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) plays a significant role in the maintenance of brain structure and function. The MGBA serves as a conduit between the CNS and the ENS, facilitating communication between the emotional and cognitive centers of the brain via diverse pathways. In the initial stages of this review, we will examine the way how MGBA affects neurogenesis, neuronal dendritic morphology, axonal myelination, microglia structure, brain blood barrier (BBB) structure and permeability, and synaptic structure.

Is it about substituting an addiction with another? development and initial psychometric properties of the first heated tobacco products addiction questionnaire (HeaTPAQ).

Background: Public health experts currently agree that heated tobacco products (HTPs) pose a significant health risk for their consumers. The same concentrations and speed of delivery of nicotine found for HTPs and conventional combustion cigarettes make it necessary to consider the addictiveness of HTPs, and provide precise diagnostic instruments to serve as the basis for effective treatment plans. Therefore, the main objectives of this study were to design a questionnaire for HTPs addiction called "Heated Tobacco Products Addiction Questionnaire (HeaTPAQ)" and to examine its psychometric properties.

Healthy ageing for older adult people with intellectual disability: a scoping review.

Background: The increasing longevity of people with intellectual disability creates a need for a healthy-ageing perspective, translated into evidence-based interventions in this multi-morbidity group. Accordingly, the aim of this scoping review was to identify, summarise and analyse the empirical research on healthy ageing in older adults with intellectual disability.

Methods: This review was based on the PRISMA 2020 guidelines for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and a PICO protocol (Patient/population, Intervention, Comparison/control, and Outcome).

Rare disease challenges and potential actions in the Middle East.

Background: Rare diseases, defined variably by global regions, collectively impact approximately 300 million individuals despite affecting small population segments individually. Historically there were no treatments developed for these conditions, leading to significant care challenges. Public interventions have incentivized treatment development, yet up to this day, many rare disease patients are deprived of timely diagnosis and treatment in comparison to patients with more common diseases.

SUBTLEX-AR: Arabic word distributional characteristics based on movie subtitles.

This article presents SUBTLEX-AR, a digital database providing an extensive collection of attributes related to Modern Standard Arabic words (Arabic for short). SUBTLEX-AR combines a novel dataset of 120 million word tokens from movie subtitles with 40 million tokens from newspaper articles originally collected in ARALEX (Boudelaa & Marslen-Wilson, Behavior Research Methods, 42, 481-487, 2010), ensuring comprehensive coverage. SUBTLEX-AR provides information about the statistical properties of Arabic words at the orthographic, phonological, morphological, and semantic levels.

Harnessing the FOXO-SIRT1 axis: insights into cellular stress, metabolism, and aging.

Aging and metabolic disorders share intricate molecular pathways, with the Forkhead box O (FOXO)- Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) axis emerging as a pivotal regulator of cellular stress adaptation, metabolic homeostasis, and longevity. This axis integrates nutrient signaling with oxidative stress defence, modulating glucose and lipid metabolism, mitochondrial function, and autophagy to maintain cellular stability. FOXO transcription factors, regulated by SIRT1 deacetylation, enhance antioxidant defence mechanisms, activating genes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase, thereby counteracting oxidative stress and metabolic dysregulation.

Hypoxia-inducible factor and cellular senescence in pulmonary aging and disease.

Cellular senescence and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signaling are crucial in pulmonary aging and age-related lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer. HIF plays a pivotal role in cellular adaptation to hypoxia, regulating processes like angiogenesis, metabolism, and inflammation. Meanwhile, cellular senescence leads to irreversible cell cycle arrest, triggering the senescence-associated secretory phenotype which contributes to chronic inflammation, tissue remodeling, and fibrosis.

Hydrogel-based microneedles for the delivery of catalase protein.

Transdermal microneedles (MNs) have emerged as a powerful new technique for medicine and drug delivery. MNs are highly bioavailable, biocompatible, and non-invasive drug delivery systems. Catalase is one of the antioxidant enzymes that decomposes hydrogen peroxide to overcome oxidative damage.

Assessment of cognitive domains in major depressive disorders using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB): Systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies.

Cognitive difficulties are known to persist after remission of symptoms and to affect psychosocial functioning and quality of life. Cognitive function, measured with the Cambridge Neuro-psychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB), is a reliable approach to measure cognitive function in major depression. This systematic review and meta-analysis appraise cross-sectional and longitudinal studies that used specific CANTAB tests to measure cognitive function in major depression and the effect of treatment (PROSPERO ID: CRD42022355903).

Visible light photosensitised cross-flow microfiltration membrane reactors for managing microplastic-contaminated bio-effluents.

The demand for advanced water treatment solutions necessitates the development of multifunctional, photodynamically active membranes. Phthalocyanines (Pcs), a class of organic photosensitizers, offer significant potential for enhancing treatment efficacy through photodynamic activity. This study reports the development of Pc-modified polymeric microfiltration membranes as visible-light-responsive, multifunctional membrane reactors with enhanced photodynamic and filtration properties.

Core/shell 1T/2H-MoS nanoparticle induced synergistic effects for enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction.

Green hydrogen is a highly sought-after clean fuel for the next generation of engines aimed at achieving net-zero emissions. Herein, we design and fabricate a mixed-phase core/shell nanoparticles consisting of a semiconducting 2H-MoS core and a metallic 1T-MoS coating. The core/shell exhibits spherical morphology with an average diameter of 60 nm.

Impact of lisinopril on cisplatin-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and impaired steroidogenesis in rat testis: involvement of Nrf2/Keap1/HO-1 and PPARγ signaling.

Testicular dysfunction is a significant long-term side effect of the chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin (CDDP), primarily due to DNA damage and oxidative stress. Lisinopril (LSP), an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor commonly used for hypertension treatment, has a debated impact on reproductive function. This study investigates, for the first time, the ability of LSP to counteract CDDP-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and steroidogenic disturbances in rat testis.