Diet fortification for mild and moderate picky eating in typically developed children: Opinion review of Middle East consensus.

Background: Picky eating is a commonly observed behavior among children globally, negatively impacting their physical and mental growth. Although common characteristics distinguish peaky eaters, including food selectivity, food neophobia, and food avoidance, there is no clear definition to assess this behavior. Due to the unavailability of data regarding picky eating, it wasn't easy to estimate its prevalence.

Mitigating effects of H3 receptor antagonism on cerebellar autophagic pathways and behavioral phenotypes in BTBR T+ tf/J mouse model of autism spectrum disorder.

Accumulation of evidence suggested the involvement of autophagic pathways and their associated AktmTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signalling cascade in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Histamine 3 receptors antagonism may be neuroprotective in ASD, as autophagy is reported to be impaired in ASD. Therefore, the effects the novel H3 receptor antagonist E169 (2.

Unlocking the Potential of EEG in Alzheimer's Disease Research: Current Status and Pathways to Precision Detection.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects millions of individuals worldwide and is considered a serious global health issue due to its gradual neuro-degenerative effects on cognitive abilities such as memory, thinking, and behavior. There is no cure for this disease but early detection along with a supportive care plan may aid in improving the quality of life for patients. Automated detection of AD is challenging because its symptoms vary in patients due to genetic, environmental, or other co-existing health conditions.

MIOS-MFO, a multicenter international observational study of the Lifetech KONAR-MF ventricular septal defect occluder in treating perimembranous ventricular septal defects.

Introduction And Objectives: The Lifetech KONAR-MF ventricular septal defect occluder (MFO) is increasingly used for transcatheter perimembranous ventricular septal defect (pmVSD) closure. We aim to collect real-world data on patient outcomes and MFO performance in pmVSD cases.

Methods: This was a nonrandomized, retrospective, multicenter, postmarketing clinical follow-up study of pmVSD patients implanted with the MFO device between 2018 and 2023.

Translation, Adaptation, and Validation of the Professional Collaborative Practice Tool for Community Pharmacists and Physicians in Arabic-Speaking Countries.

Background: The importance of collaboration between physicians and community pharmacists in healthcare is increasingly recognized. Enhanced cooperation positively impacts medication management and patient outcomes by merging medical and pharmaceutical expertise for improved health care. Previously, the Professional Collaborative Practice Tool, which is crucial for assessing such collaboration, was unavailable in Arabic.

Unraveling the interaction of pyranocoumarins with P-glycoprotein: Implications for overcoming multidrug resistance in cancer therapy.

This study aimed to investigate the antiproliferative activity and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitory potential of a series of novel pyranocoumarin derivatives. Compounds 4a-c and 4f-i showed the most potent activity against MCF-7 (breast cancer), MCF-7/ADR (human breast cancer cell) resistant to Adriamycin (ADR), and Caco-2 (colon carcinoma) cell lines compared to Sorafenib and Doxorubicin, while all the compounds 4a-i demonstrated week growth inhibitory impact toward two normal cell lines, HFL-1 and WI-38 with IC values between 56.5 and 81.

Harnessing machine learning for predicting successful weaning from mechanical ventilation: A systematic review.

Background: Machine learning (ML) models represent advanced computational approaches with increasing application in predicting successful weaning from mechanical ventilation (MV). Whilst ML itself has a long history, its application to MV weaning outcomes has emerged more recently. In this systematic review, we assessed the effects of ML on the prediction of successful weaning outcomes amongst adult patients undergoing MV.

An explainable non-invasive hybrid machine learning framework for accurate prediction of thyroid-stimulating hormone levels.

Machine learning models, including thyroid biomarkers, are increasingly utilized in healthcare for biomarker prediction. These models offer the potential to enhance disease diagnosis through data-driven approaches relying on non-invasive techniques. However, no studies have explored the application of fully non-invasive methods for predicting thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels.

Anagrelide in the management of essential thrombocythemia: a systemic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm commonly treated with hydroxyurea, while anagrelide is a second-line option. Although anagrelide has thrombocyte-specific action, its comparative efficacy remains debated. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to measure platelet reduction, thromboembolic events, and adverse events.

Bitcoin research with a transaction graph dataset.

Bitcoin, introduced in 2008 by Satoshi Nakamoto, revolutionized the digital economy by enabling decentralized value storage and transfer, eliminating the need for a central authority. This paper presents a large-scale, temporally annotated graph dataset representing Bitcoin transactions, designed to advance research in blockchain analytics and beyond. The dataset comprises 252 million nodes and 785 million edges, with each node and edge timestamped for temporal analysis.

The disease burden, risk factors and future predictions of Alzheimer's disease and other types of dementia in Asia from 1990 to 2021.

Background: There is a lack of analysis and prediction of the disease burden of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias (ADOD) in Asia.

Objectives: This study aims to explore the impact of ADOD on the Asian region during the period from 1990 to 2021.

Design: Data on ADOD in Asia from 1990 to 2021 were collected from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021.

Orientin: a comprehensive review of a promising bioactive flavonoid.

Medicinal herbs continue to play an important part in modern drugs and healthcare because customers think that most of them have fewer or milder side effects than traditional modern medicines. Bioactive compounds are typically isolated from plants before being used as a source of therapeutic medicines. As a result, extracting bioactive compounds from medicinal plants is an important step in developing plant-based medications.

Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells from perinatal sources: biological facts, molecular biomarkers, and therapeutic promises.

The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from perinatal tissue sources has gained attention due to their availability and lack of significant ethical or moral concerns. These cells have a higher proliferative capability than adult MSCs and less immunogenic or tumorigenesis risk than fetal and embryonic stem cells. Additionally, they do not require invasive isolation methods like fetal and adult MSCs.

Accuracy of artificial intelligence-based segmentation in maxillofacial structures: a systematic review.

Objective: The aim of this review was to evaluate the accuracy of artificial intelligence (AI) in the segmentation of teeth, jawbone (maxilla, mandible with temporomandibular joint), and mandibular (inferior alveolar) canal in CBCT and CT scans.

Materials And Methods: Articles were retrieved from MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, IEEE Xplore, and Google Scholar. Eligible studies were analyzed thematically, and their quality was appraised using the JBI checklist for diagnostic test accuracy studies.

Explainable AI analysis for smog rating prediction.

Smog poses a direct threat to human health and the environment. Addressing this issue requires understanding how smog is formed. While major contributors include industries, fossil fuels, crop burning, and ammonia from fertilizers, vehicles play a significant role.

Large Language Models in peri-implant disease: How well do they perform?

Statement Of Problem: Artificial intelligence (AI) has gained significant recent attention and several AI applications, such as the Large Language Models (LLMs) are promising for use in clinical medicine and dentistry. Nevertheless, assessing the performance of LLMs is essential to identify potential inaccuracies or even prevent harmful outcomes.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the evidence-based potential of answers provided by 4 LLMs to clinical questions in the field of implant dentistry.

Streptomycin-modified magnetic beads enable robust DNA extraction across diverse lysis conditions.

Here, we describe the applicability of a variety of functionalized magnetic beads (MBs) for DNA extraction under different lysis conditions. Various MBs, including hydroxyl, carboxylic, amino, chitosan-modified, and streptomycin-modified MBs (MBs-STR), were compared based on their extracted DNA quantity and quality. The results presented that the MBs exhibited different DNA adsorption capacities under specific conditions.

Ultrafast Spin Rotation of Relativistic Lepton Beams via Terahertz Wave in a Dielectric-Lined Waveguide.

Spin rotation is central for the spin manipulation of lepton beams which, in turn, plays an important role in investigation of the properties of spin-polarized lepton beams and the examination of spin-dependent interactions. However, realization of compact and ultrafast spin rotation of lepton beams, between longitudinal and transverse polarizations, still faces significant challenges. Here, we put forward a novel method for ultrafast (picosecond timescale) spin rotation of a relativistic lepton beam via employing a moderate-intensity terahertz (THz) wave in a dielectric-lined waveguide (DLW).

Comparison of Outcomes Between Staged and Same-Day Circumferential Spinal Fusion for Adult Spinal Deformity: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Adult spinal deformity (ASD) is a prevalent condition often treated with circumferential spinal fusion (CF), which can be performed as staged or same-day procedures. However, evidence guiding the choice between these approaches is lacking.

Objective: This study aims to compare patient outcomes following staged and same-day CF for ASD.

Seasonal optical backscattering in hypersaline waters: In-situ observations and data analysis.

Relationships of backscattering coefficients with the physical and biological properties in hypersaline waters like the Arabian Gulf are poorly studied. They may differ from other non-hypersaline waters which contribute the majority of data used to develop and parameterize optical models. Herein, we analyze the covariation of salinity, temperature, Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), color dissolved organic matter (CDOM), ammonium, and turbidity with seawater backscattering coefficients bb(λ).

Plant polysaccharide-capped nanoparticles: A sustainable approach to modulate gut microbiota and advance functional food applications.

Plant-derived polysaccharides have emerged as sustainable biopolymers for fabricating nanoparticles (polysaccharide-based nanomaterials [PS-NPs]), presenting unique opportunities to enhance food functionality and human health. PS-NPs exhibit exceptional biocompatibility, biodegradability, and structural versatility, enabling their integration into functional foods to positively influence gut microbiota. This review explores the mechanisms of PS-NPs interaction with gut microbiota, highlighting their ability to promote beneficial microbial populations, such as Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria, and stimulate the production of short-chain fatty acids.

Harnessing Monoterpenes and Monoterpenoids as Weapons against Antimicrobial Resistance.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a formidable challenge in global healthcare, driving the exploration of natural products for novel antimicrobials. Among these, essential oils (EOs) derived from medicinal plants are rich sources of diverse bioactive compounds. Monoterpenes and monoterpenoids, critical constituents of EOs, have emerged as promising agents in combating multidrugresistant (MDR) pathogens.